Deck 10: Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

Question 1

A breastfed infant is being seen in the clinic for a 6-month checkup. The mother tells the nurse that the infant recently began to suck her thumb. Which is the best nursing intervention?

A) Reassure the mother that this is normal at this age.
B) Recommend the mother substitute a pacifier for her thumb.
C) Assess the infant for other signs of sensory deprivation.
D) Suggest the mother breastfeed the infant more often to satisfy her sucking needs.

Answer 1

Reassure the mother that this is normal at this age.

Question 2

The nurse is interviewing the father of a 10-month-old girl. The child is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says "no" firmly and moves her away from the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father what?

A) That the child should be given a time-out
B) That the child is old enough to understand the word "no"
C) That the child will learn safety issues better if she is spanked
D) That the child should already know that electrical outlets are dangerous

Answer 2

That the child is old enough to understand the word "no"

Question 3

At which age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as his or her own hand?

A) 1 month
B) 2 months
C) 3 months
D) 4 months

Answer 3

3 months

Question 4

By which age should the nurse expect that an infant will be able to pull to a standing position?

A) 5 to 6 months
B) 7 to 8 months
C) 11 to 12 months
D) 14 to 15 months

Question 5

Which characteristic best describes the fine motor skills of an infant at age 5 months?

A) Neat pincer grasp
B) Strong grasp reflex
C) Builds a tower of two cubes
D) Able to grasp object voluntarily

Question 6

What is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?

A) Playing peek-a-boo
B) Playing pat-a-cake
C) Imitating animal sounds
D) Showing how to clap hands

Question 7

At which age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?

A) 1 month
B) 2 months
C) 3 months
D) 4 months

Question 8

Which intervention is the most appropriate recommendation for relief of teething pain?

A) Rub gums with aspirin to relieve inflammation.
B) Apply hydrogen peroxide to gums to relieve irritation.
C) Give the infant a frozen teething ring to relieve inflammation.
D) Have the infant chew on a warm teething ring to encourage tooth eruption.

Question 9

In terms of gross motor development, what should the nurse expect an infant age 5 months to do?

A) Sit erect without support.
B) Roll from the back to the abdomen.
C) Turn from the abdomen to the back.
D) Move from a prone to a sitting position.

Question 10

The nurse is checking reflexes on a 7-month-old infant. When the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position, the head is raised and the legs and spine are extended. Which reflex is this?

A) Landau
B) Parachute
C) Body righting
D) Labyrinth righting

Question 11

The nurse is discussing development and play activities with the parent of a 2-month-old boy. Which statement by the parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

A) "I can give my baby a ball of yarn to pull apart or different textured fabrics to feel."
B) "I can use a music box and soft mobiles as appropriate play activities for my baby."
C) "I should introduce a cup and spoon or push-pull toys for my baby at this age."
D) "I do not have to worry about appropriate play activities at this age."

Question 12

At which age should the nurse expect most infants to begin to say "mama" and "dada" with meaning?

A) 4 months
B) 6 months
C) 10 months
D) 14 months

Question 13

An infant, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is what?

A) Normal tooth eruption
B) Delayed tooth eruption
C) Unusual and dangerous
D) Earlier than expected tooth eruption

Question 14

What information should be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age?

A) Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation.
B) Place a cradle gym across the crib to help develop fine motor skills.
C) Provide the child with finger paints to enhance fine motor skills.
D) Provide a stick horse to develop gross motor coordination.

Question 15

At a well-child visit, parents ask the nurse how to know if a daycare facility is a good choice for their infant. Which observation should the nurse stress as especially important to consider when making the selection?

A) Developmentally appropriate toys
B) Nutritious snacks served to the children
C) Handwashing by providers after diaper changes
D) Certified caregivers for each of the age groups at the facility

Question 16

At which age do most infants begin to fear strangers?

A) 2 months
B) 4 months
C) 6 months
D) 12 months

Question 17

At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

A) 4 months
B) 6 months
C) 8 months
D) 12 months

Question 18

The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurse's best response?

A) "Allow him to cry for no longer than 15 minutes and then pick him up."
B) "Babies need comforting and cuddling. Meeting these needs will not spoil him."
C) "Babies this young cry when they are hungry. Try feeding him when he cries."
D) "If he isn't soiled or wet, leave him, and he'll cry himself to sleep."

Question 19

During the 2-month well-child checkup, the nurse expects the infant to respond to sound in which manner?

A) Respond to name.
B) React to loud noise with Moro reflex.
C) Turn his or her head to side when sound is at ear level.
D) Locate sound by turning his or her head in a curving arc.

Question 20

According to Piaget, a 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?

A) Use of reflexes
B) Primary circular reactions
C) Secondary circular reactions
D) Coordination of secondary schemata

Question 21

An infant weighed 8 lb at birth and was 18 inches in length. What weight and length should the infant be at 5 months of age?

A) 12 lb, 20 inches
B) 14 lb, 21.5 inches
C) 16 lb, 23 inches
D) 18 lb, 24.5 inches

Question 22

The parent of 2-week-old infant asks the nurse if fluoride supplements are necessary because the infant is exclusively breastfed. What is the nurse's best response?

A) "The infant needs to begin taking them now."
B) "Supplements are not needed if you drink fluoridated water."
C) "The infant may need to begin taking them at age 6 months."
D) "The infant can have infant cereal mixed with fluoridated water instead of supplements."

Question 23

The clinic nurse is teaching parents about physiologic anemia that occurs in infants. What statement should the nurse include about the cause of physiologic anemia?

A) Maternally derived iron stores are depleted in the first 2 months.
B) Fetal hemoglobin results in a shortened survival of red blood cells.
C) The production of adult hemoglobin decreases in the first year of life.
D) Low levels of fetal hemoglobin depress the production of erythropoietin.

Question 24

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 4-month-old infant on preventing an aspiration injury. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Keep baby powder out of reach.
B) Inspect toys for removable parts.
C) Allow the infant to take a bottle to bed.
D) Teething biscuits can be used for teething discomfort.
E) The infant should not be fed hard candy, nuts, or foods with pits.

Question 25

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of an 8-month-old infant on preventing a drowning injury. Which should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Fence swimming pools.
B) Keep bathroom doors open.
C) Eliminate unnecessary pools of water.
D) Keep one hand on the child while in the tub.
E) Supervise the child when near any source of water.

Question 26

In teaching parents about appropriate pacifier selection, the nurse should recommend which characteristic?

A) Easily grasped handle
B) Detachable shield for cleaning
C) Soft, pliable material
D) Ribbon or string to secure to clothing

Question 27

The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. Which fine or gross motor developmental skill demonstrates the proximodistal acquisition of skills?

A) Standing
B) Sitting without assistance
C) Fully developed pincer grasp
D) Taking a few steps holding onto something

Question 28

The nurse is performing an assessment on a 10-week-old infant. The nurse understands that the developmental characteristic of hearing at this age is which?

A) The infant responds to his own name.
B) The infant localizes sounds by turning his head directly to the sound.
C) The infant turns his head to the side when sound is made at the level of the ear.
D) The infant locates sound by turning his head to the side and then looking up or down.

Question 29

The mother of a 6-month-old infant has returned to work and is expressing breast milk to be frozen. She asks for directions on how to safely thaw the breast milk in the microwave. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Heat only 10 oz or more.
B) Do not thaw or heat breast milk in a microwave oven.
C) Always leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
D) Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Question 30

The mother of a 3-month-old breastfed infant asks about giving her baby water because it is summer and very warm. What should the nurse tell her?

A) Fluids in addition to breast milk are not needed.
B) Water should be given if the infant seems to nurse longer than usual.
C) Clear juices are better than water to promote adequate fluid intake.
D) Water once or twice a day will make up for losses resulting from environmental temperature.

Question 31

The parent of an 8.2-kg (18-lb) 9-month-old infant is borrowing a federally approved car seat from the clinic. The nurse should explain that the safest way to put in the car seat is what?

A) Front facing in back seat
B) Rear facing in back seat
C) Front facing in front seat with air bag on passenger side
D) Rear facing in front seat if an air bag is on the passenger side

Question 32

The nurse is teaching parents about expected language development for their 6-month-old infant. The nurse recognizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statement?

A) "Our baby should comprehend the word 'no.'"
B) "Our baby knows the meaning of saying 'mama.'"
C) "Our baby should be able to say three to five words."
D) "Our baby should begin to combine syllables, such as 'dada.'"

Question 33

What is the best age to introduce solid food into an infant's diet?

A) 2 to 3 months
B) 4 to 6 months
C) When birth weight has tripled
D) When tooth eruption has started

Question 34

At an 8-month-old well-baby visit, the parent tells the nurse that her infant falls asleep at night during the last bottle feeding but wakes up when moved to the infant's crib. What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make?

A) "You should put your baby to sleep 1 hour earlier without the nighttime feeding but with a pacifier for soothing."
B) "You could place rice cereal in the last bottle feeding of the day to ensure a longer sleep pattern."
C) "You should have your partner give the last bottle of the day and observe whether your infant stays awake for your partner."
D) "You could increase daytime feeding intervals to every 4 hours and put your baby in the crib while the baby is still awake."

Question 35

The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby's formula faster. What should the nurse recommend?

A) Heat only 8 oz or more.
B) Do not heat a plastic bottle in a microwave oven.
C) Leave the bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape.
D) Shake the bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

Question 36

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 1-month-old infant on preventing a suffocation injury. Which should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Do not place pillows in the infant's crib.
B) Crib slats should be 4 inches or less apart.
C) Keep all plastic bags stored out of the infant's reach.
D) Plastic over the mattress is acceptable if it is covered with a sheet.
E) A pacifier should not be tied on a string around the infant's neck.

Question 37

The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs as do their other children. The nurse's reply should be based on what?

A) The child is too young to digest hot dogs.
B) The child is too young to eat hot dogs safely.
C) Hot dogs must be sliced into sections to prevent aspiration.
D) Hot dogs must be cut into small, irregular pieces to prevent aspiration.

Question 38

The nurse is teaching a group of parents at a community education program about introducing solid foods to their infants. Which recommendations should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

A) Spoon feeding should be introduced after an entire milk feeding.
B) It is best to introduce a wide variety of foods during the first year.
C) As solid food consumption increases, the quantity of milk should decrease.
D) Introduction of low-calorie milk and food should be done by the end of the first year.
E) Introduction of citrus fruits, meats, and eggs should be delayed until after 6 months of age.
F) Each new food item should be introduced at 5- to 7-day intervals.

Question 39

An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?

A) "Keep buttons, beads, and other small objects out of his reach."
B) "Do not permit him to chew paint from window ledges because he might absorb too much lead."
C) "When he learns to roll over, you must supervise him whenever he is on a surface from which he might fall."
D) "Lock the crib sides securely because he may stand and lean against them and fall out of bed."

Question 40

At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?

A) 6 months
B) 9 months
C) 12 months
D) 18 months

Question 41

The nurse is evaluating a 7-month-old infant's cognitive development. Which behaviors should the nurse anticipate evaluating? (Select all that apply.)

A) Imitates sounds
B) Shows interest in a mirror image
C) Comprehends simple commands
D) Actively searches for a hidden object
E) Attracts attention by methods other than crying

Question 42

MATCHING
Match each neurologic reflex that appears in infancy to its description.

An infant in the prone or supine position is able to raise his or her head.

A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute

Question 43

MATCHING
Match each neurologic reflex that appears in infancy to its description.

When the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position, the head is raised and the legs and spine are extended.

A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute

Question 44

MATCHING
Match each neurologic reflex that appears in infancy to its description.

When the body of an erect infant is tilted, the head is returned to an upright, erect position.

A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute

Question 45

The clinic nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant during a well-child appointment. The nurse should use which approaches to alleviate the infant's stranger anxiety? (Select all that apply.)

A) Talk in a loud voice.
B) Meet the infant at eye level.
C) Avoid sudden intrusive gestures.
D) Maintain a safe distance initially.
E) Pick up the infant and hold him or her closely.

Question 46

MATCHING
Match each neurologic reflex that appears in infancy to its description.

When the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position and suddenly thrust downward, the hands and fingers extend forward as if to protect against falling.

A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute

Question 47

MATCHING
Match each neurologic reflex that appears in infancy to its description.

Turning the hips and shoulders to one side causes all the other body parts to follow.

A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute

Question 48

The nurse is planning play activities for a 2-month-old hospitalized infant to stimulate the auditory sense. Which activities should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)

A) Talk to the infant.
B) Play a music box.
C) Place a squeaky doll in the crib.
D) Give the infant a small-handled clear rattle.

Question 49

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 6-month-old on preventing an accidental poisoning injury. Which should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Place plants on the floor.
B) Place medications in a cupboard.
C) Discard used containers of poisonous substances.
D) Keep cosmetic and personal products out of the child's reach.
E) Make sure that paint for furniture or toys does not contain lead.