Deck 10: Aquatic Biotechnology

Question 1

Transgenic salmon engineered to grow faster than nontransgenic strains contain extra copies of the ________ gene.

A) GFP
B) GH
C) AFP
D) HA
E) calcitonin

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Limulus polyphemus are the source of ________.

A) calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis
B) growth hormone used to treat dwarfism
C) hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis
D) cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools
E) Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP), a commonly used reporter gene, was cloned from ________.

A) Pfiesteria piscicida
B) Vibrio cholerae
C) Sus domesticus
D) Aequorea iictoria
E) Danio rerio

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Osama Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, and Roger Tsien won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their discovery and development of ________.

A) RT-PCR
B) PCR
C) a novel DNA sequencing method
D) GFP
E) RFLPs

Question 5

Known as the "cell from hell," what toxin-producing dinoflagellate is responsible for significant fish kills in the mid-Atlantic region?

A) Vibrio cholera
B) Conus magus
C) Crassotrea virginica
D) Mytilus edulis
E) Pfiesteria piscicida

Question 6

Growing aquatic plants and finfish species together with shared water resources is an example of ________.

A) hydroponics
B) polyculture
C) polyploidy
D) fish farming
E) None of these choices

Question 7

Endotoxins must be eliminated from biomanufactured products because they ________.

A) render the product inactive
B) interfere with the product's absorption
C) cause pain, fever, and more severe symptoms in humans
D) are from unknown origin
E) cause problems for the cell line used to produce the product

Question 8

Which of the following is a pigment used to alter the color of salmon?

A) Green fluorescent protein
B) Astaxanthin
C) Auxin
D) AFP
E) Hydroxyapatite

Question 9

Polyploid organisms ________.

A) are transgenic
B) are created from ES cells
C) are knockout organisms
D) have different numbers of each chromosome
E) have extra complete sets of chromosomes

Question 10

Comparing DNA or RNA samples from two different organisms to identify differences in gene expression is known as ________.

A) RT-PCR
B) differential display PCR
C) DNA sequencing
D) random PCR
E) library screening

Question 11

The gene that can detect the expression of another gene is called a/an ________.

A) reporter gene
B) transgene
C) alternate gene
D) inactivated gene
E) functional gene

Question 12

Marine ________ is/are a primary source of agar and agarose used in laboratories for making culture medias and gels.

A) cone snails
B) fish
C) kelp
D) shrimp
E) mollusks

Question 13

The attachment of organisms to surfaces (such as pipes and walls) is known as ________.

A) biosensing
B) bioprocessing
C) biomanufacturing
D) biofilming
E) bioaugmentation

Question 14

An aquaculture product that is a protease used in tissue culturing is known as ________.

A) growth hormone
B) collagenase
C) colchicine
D) chitin
E) carrageenan

Question 15

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about triploid species?

A) Triploid species have an extra copy of one chromosome.
B) Triploid species have three complete sets of chromosomes.
C) Triploid species are usually infertile.
D) Triploid species are an example of a polyploidy organism.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

An aquaculture product that is used as a thickening agent and gives foods an improved texture is called ________.

A) growth hormone
B) collagenase
C) colchicine
D) chitin
E) carrageenan

Question 17

Known for their great strength and adhesive properties, components of byssal fibers produced by ________ are being studied for a variety of applications from medical sutures to adhesives.

A) Vibrio cholera
B) Conus magus
C) Crassotrea virginica
D) Mytilus edulis
E) Pfiesteria piscicida

Question 18

A drug that can create polyploids is known as ________.

A) growth hormone
B) astaxanthin
C) colchicine
D) arrestin
E) carrageenan

Question 19

________ is the farming of a variety of shellfish, crustaceans, finfish, and algae.

A) Aquaculture
B) Tissue culture
C) Organ culture
D) Mariculture
E) Protoplast culture

Question 20

Marine cone snails, Conus magus, are the source of ________.

A) calcitonin used to treat osteoporosis
B) growth hormone used to treat dwarfism
C) hydroxyapatite used to treat arthritis
D) cells for the LAL test used to detect bacterial contamination of surgical tools
E) Prialt, a peptide used as a pain reliever

Question 21

What are biosensors and how are they used?

Question 22

Give three reasons for utilizing aquatic organisms for biotechnology.

Question 23

Give two examples of medical compounds derived from aquatic organisms and their medical utility.