Deck 11: Medical Biotechnology

Question 1

What types of cells fuse together to form hybridomas for making monoclonal antibodies?

A) Bacterial cells and T cells
B) Myeloma cells and B cells
C) Liver cells and antibody-forming cells
D) Monoclonal antibodies and myeloma cells
E) None of these choices

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following techniques would be the best choice for screening a person's genetic profile for 1,000 or more genes?

A) FISH
B) Microarray analysis
C) VNTR analysis
D) ASO test
E) RFLP analysis

Answer 2

B

Question 3

All of the following statements about telomeres and telomerase are true EXCEPT that ________.

A) telomeres shorten as cells age (senescence)
B) telomerase minimizes telomere shortening
C) telomerase activity is high in adult cells
D) telomerase activity is high in embryonic stem cells
E) None of these choices

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The first human genetic disease to be successfully treated by gene therapy was ________.

A) cystic fibrosis
B) sickle cell anemia
C) chronic myelogenous leukemia
D) adenosine deaminase deficiency
E) albinism

Question 5

Which of the following is the source of embryonic stem cells?

A) Inner cell mass
B) Spermatozoa
C) Trophoblast
D) Blastocoel
E) Enucleated egg cells

Question 6

Mutation of the adenosine deaminase gene is the cause of what genetic disease?

A) Cystic fibrosis
B) Albinism
C) Down syndrome
D) Severe combined immunodeficiency
E) Acquired immune deficiency

Question 7

Which of the following genetic disorders is created by a translocation between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22?

A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Chronic myelogenous leukemia
C) Cystic fibrosis
D) Adenosine deaminase deficiency
E) None of these choices

Question 8

________ is the use of genes for treating human genetic disorders.

A) Genetics
B) Genomics
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Gene therapy
E) Recombinant DNA technology

Question 9

Which of the following techniques would be used to prepare a fetal karyotype to detect trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)?

A) ASO test
B) RFLP analysis
C) Microarray analysis
D) Chorionic villus sampling
E) STR analysis

Question 10

All of the following descriptions of embryonic stem cells are true EXCEPT that they ________.

A) are derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst
B) are self-renewing
C) are present in all adult tissues
D) are pluripotent
E) can differentiate into all body cells

Question 11

Small, hollow membrane vesicles used to deliver therapeutic genes for gene therapy are called ________.

A) liposomes
B) gold particles
C) retroviruses
D) biocapsules
E) None of these choices

Question 12

Proteins that are produced in a disease tissue and can act as a means of tracking a disease's progression (such as PSA in prostate cancer) is known as ________.

A) an embryonic marker
B) an STR
C) a microarray
D) a biomarker
E) a tag

Question 13

Transplanting a tissue or organ from one species into another species is known as ________.

A) transgenesis
B) transformation
C) xenotransplantation
D) autotransplantation
E) regenerative medicine

Question 14

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a gene encoding a protein involved in ________.

A) metabolism of adenosine triphosphate
B) chloride transport
C) oxygen transport in blood cells
D) regulating cell cycle control
E) None of these choices

Question 15

When making monoclonal antibodies, which of the following is a blood cell tumor type that is fused to B lymphocytes?

A) Hybridoma
B) Myeloma
C) Myostatin
D) Protoplast
E) ES cell

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes RNAi techniques for gene silencing?

A) siRNAs block DNA replication.
B) siRNAs inhibit transcription of a gene.
C) siRNAs inhibit mRNA splicing.
D) siRNAs trigger degradation of mRNAs to prevent their translation.
E) siRNAs prevent transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Question 17

Which of the following genetic testing techniques would be the best choice for detecting a chromosome translocation?

A) FISH
B) Microarray analysis
C) VNTR analysis
D) ASO test
E) RFLP analysis

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of in vivo gene therapy?

A) Using retroviruses to deliver therapeutic genes directly into a patient
B) Pharmacogenomics
C) Using retroviruses to deliver therapeutic genes into cultured cells
D) Injecting stem cells into a patient
E) None of these choices

Question 19

A limitation of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer is that ________.

A) retroviruses cannot be used to make transgenic animals
B) retroviruses only work with Ti vectors
C) retroviruses only integrate DNA at specific sites
D) retroviruses integrate DNA randomly in the genome
E) retroviruses can only be used to make transgenic plants

Question 20

What form of gene therapy involves direct injection of DNA into cells within the body?

A) In situ hybridization
B) In vivo
C) In vitro
D) Ex vivo
E) Liposome mediated

Question 21

Which technique can be used to identify Down syndrome in a developing fetus?

A) PCR
B) Southern blot
C) Chorionic villus sampling
D) Gel electrophoresis
E) RFLP

Question 22

Explain regenerative medicine and its application.

Question 23

Tay-Sachs disease is a caused by a mutation that ________.

A) affects lipids
B) causes abnormal hemoglobin structure
C) causes excess mucus
D) causes blindness and retardation
E) can be diagnosed by using a karyotype

Question 24

What is the name of the procedure in which in vitro fertilization is performed and disease-free embryos are implanted into a womb?

A) Preimplantation genetic testing
B) Chronic villus sampling
C) In vivo testing
D) Amniocentesis
E) RFLP screening

Question 25

What is pharmacogenomics and how is it useful in biotechnology and medicine?

Question 26

Sickle cell disease is a caused by a mutation that ________.

A) affects lipids
B) causes abnormal hemoglobin structure
C) causes excess mucus
D) causes blindness and retardation
E) can be diagnosed by using a karyotype

Question 27

A technique similar to gene chips that is relatively new and can be used in disease diagnosis is called ________.

A) reverse transcriptase PCR
B) genomics
C) chorionic villus sampling
D) SDS-PAGE
E) protein microarrays

Question 28

Explain nanotechnology and how it intersects with biotechnology.