Deck 1: The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce

Question 1

The use of computer hardware and software to analyze biological data, such as DNA sequence comparison data, is known as ________.

A) genomics
B) bioinformatics
C) bioremediation
D) nanotechnology
E) recombinant DNA technology

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Subtle differences in DNA sequences that vary from person to person are called ________.

A) genomics
B) chromosomes
C) DNA microarrays
D) pharmacogenomics
E) single-nucleotide polymorphisms

Answer 2

E

Question 3

________ is the use of genes for treating human genetic disorders.

A) Genetics
B) Genomics
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Gene therapy
E) Recombinant DNA technology

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What are some nonscience job opportunities in a biotechnology company? Why would it still be useful to have some science background for these positions?

Question 5

________ involves farm-raising finfish, shellfish, algae, and other aquatic organisms.

A) Biopharming
B) Aquaculture
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Bioremediation
E) Transgenic technology

Question 6

Selective breeding involves ________.

A) genetic engineering of animals and plants to improve growth characteristics
B) mating organisms with desirable characteristics
C) the use of fermentation to produce biotechnology products
D) combining sperm and egg cells from different species to produce hybrid organisms
E) None of these choices

Question 7

Studying the entire complement of DNA in an organism's cells is known as ________.

A) genomics
B) bioinformatics
C) bioremediation
D) nanotechnology
E) recombinant DNA technology

Question 8

Discuss some examples of different fields of biotechnology and what they study (e.g., bioremediation, which is used to assist in the clean-up of chemical spills, etc.).

Question 9

________ is customized medicine based on a person's genetics.

A) Genomics
B) Bioinformatics
C) Bioremediation
D) Pharmacogenomics
E) Recombinant DNA technology

Question 10

________ is the use of living organisms or their products to clean up the environment, improve human health, and provide more nutritious and disease-free food.

A) Bioremediation
B) Biotechnology
C) Genetic engineering
D) Biodegradation
E) Bioprocessing

Question 11

Which area of biotechnology primarily involves using living organisms to process, degrade, and clean up environmental pollution?

A) Genomics
B) Bioinformatics
C) Bioremediation
D) Marine biotechnology
E) Agricultural biotechnology

Question 12

Scientists at the biotechnology company Genentech created the first recombinant DNA product for use in humans. Approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1982, this product was ________.

A) a gene chip
B) chymosin
C) insulin
D) human growth hormone
E) erythropoietin

Question 13

Explain at least two differences between a traditional pharmaceutical product and a biotechnology product.

Question 14

Combining DNA from different sources is an example of ________.

A) genomics
B) bioinformatics
C) bioremediation
D) nanotechnology
E) recombinant DNA technology