Deck 30: Assisting in Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology

Question 1

When instilling ear drops in an adult who is lying down, you should gently pull the pinna in which direction to straighten the ear canal?

A) Up and back
B) Straight down
C) Down and away from head
D) The canal need not be straightened if the patient is lying on his or her side.

Answer 1

Up and back

Question 2

Under what circumstances must sterile techniques be used in performing ophthalmic procedures?

A) Only when the eye is lacerated or ulcerated
B) During all examination and testing procedures
C) When any instrument or application touches the eye or surrounding area and when any irrigation solution or medication is instilled

Answer 2

When any instrument or application touches the eye or surrounding area and when any irrigation solution or medication is instilled

Question 3

The neurologic center of vision is located in the

A) retina.
B) cornea.
C) fovea centralis.
D) optic disc.

Answer 3

retina.

Question 4

An optician is an important member of the eye care team who is responsible for

A) performing eye examinations.
B) writing prescriptions for corrective lenses.
C) preparing corrective lenses from physicians' prescriptions.
D) screening patients for vision abnormalities.

Question 5

When testing a patient's far visual acuity, the medical assistant uses which type of chart?

A) Snellen
B) Ishihara
C) Bradford
D) Rosenthal

Question 6

A patient diagnosed with increased intraocular pressure has

A) glaucoma.
B) a cataract.
C) ptosis.
D) a stye.

Question 7

A near vision screening test, which can be used in the physician's office, can screen the patient for which vision problem?

A) Myopia
B) Astigmatism
C) Presbyopia
D) Presbycusis

Question 8

A patient diagnosed with myopia has which refractive problem?

A) Light rays entering the eye focus behind the retina.
B) Light rays entering the eye focus in front of the retina.
C) The focusing of light rays entering the eye is irregular.
D) The eye has difficulty changing the point of focus from distance to near.

Question 9

Which of the following is acceptable when administering the Snellen visual acuity test?

A) Placing the chart permanently on the wall at the eye level of the average adult
B) Instructing the patient to close the eye not being tested
C) Having the patient sit during the test
D) Allowing the patient to squint

Question 10

While playing tennis, Ms. Brown is hit in the eye with a ball and experiences pain and swelling. Whom should she call for an appointment?

A) Ophthalmologist
B) Optician
C) Optometrist
D) Any of the above

Question 11

A patient with hyperopia has difficulty seeing objects

A) because of ciliary muscle weakness.
B) at reading or working level.
C) because of an irregularly shaped lens.
D) at a distance.

Question 12

Which potentially destructive disorder of the eye is characterized by increased fluid inside the eyeball?

A) Cataracts
B) Conjunctivitis
C) Glaucoma
D) Strabismus

Question 13

Which of the following is true about an error of refraction?

A) Light rays are not being bent properly to focus on the retina.
B) Light rays are not being expanded as they should be.
C) The rods and cones are not functioning.
D) The retina lacks a sufficient blood supply.

Question 14

The average person blinks two or three times a second to

A) rest the eyes briefly.
B) cleanse the eyes.
C) refocus the eyes.
D) avoid eyestrain.

Question 15

The medical term for a drooping eyelid is

A) glaucoma.
B) a cataract.
C) blepharoptosis.
D) a stye.

Question 16

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorders and diseases of the eye is a(n)

A) DO.
B) Ophthalmologist.
C) optician.
D) ophthalmologist.

Question 17

Where is the tuning fork placed when the Weber test is performed?

A) On the mastoid process
B) On the center of the top of the head
C) One inch from the opening of the ear canal
D) One foot from the front of the face

Question 18

Clouding that develops in the lens of the eye is known as

A) glaucoma.
B) a cataract.
C) ptosis.
D) a stye.

Question 19

When instilling ear drops in an adult, pull the pinna

A) up and back.
B) down and front.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the aqueous humor of the eye?

A) It is located in the anterior cavity of the eye between the cornea and the lens.
B) It helps maintain normal pressure in the eye.
C) It is continuously produced by the ciliary processes to nourish tissues.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 21

Which of the following is inflammation of the glands and lash follicles that may be caused by staphylococcal infection?

A) Conjunctivitis
B) Blepharitis
C) Keratitis
D) Chalazion
E) Hordeolum

Question 22

The correct method for performing an eye irrigation includes

A) applying a sterile solution from the inner canthus outward.
B) applying the solution directly to the eyeball.
C) directing the solution toward the lower conjunctival sac.
D) A and B
E) A and C

Question 23

Which of the following conditions exhibits with purulent fluid present in the middle ear and causes the patient to have pain, fever, and hearing loss?

A) Serious otitis media
B) Suppurative otitis media
C) Otitis externa
D) Ménière's disease
E) All of the above

Question 24

Which of the following choroid structures regulates the shape of the lens and secretes aqueous humor?

A) Ciliary body
B) Retina
C) Iris
D) Sclera

Question 25

Which statement is not true about a sensorineural hearing loss?

A) It affects aging individuals as presbycusis.
B) It is caused by otosclerosis.
C) Hearing aids are not as effective for it.
D) It may be caused by rubella or influenza.

Question 26

Conduction hearing loss can be caused by all of the following except

A) impacted cerumen.
B) ototoxic medications.
C) fluid in the middle ear.
D) chronic ear infections.

Question 27

Which of the following professionals can perform eye examinations, diagnose eye disorders, and perform optic surgery?

A) Ophthalmologist
B) Optometrist
C) Optician
D) All of the above

Question 28

Treatment for a corneal abrasion includes

A) antibiotic ointment.
B) patching the affected eye.
C) ophthalmic NSAIDs.
D) A and C

Question 29

Which of the following is one of the most common and serious ocular disorders, characterized by increased ocular pressure, and causes blindness if left untreated?

A) Corneal abrasion
B) Cataracts
C) Glaucoma
D) Macular degeneration

Question 30

A sensation of noise or ringing in the ears is called

A) otosclerosis.
B) presbycusis.
C) tinitis.
D) tinnitus.

Question 31

Match the myopia eye disorder with the appropriate description, when it occurs, and the correction. (Select all that apply.)

A) Cornea or lens is shaped like a football
B) Can be corrected with refractive surgery or a convex corrective lens
C) Occurs when light rays entering the eye focus in front of the retina
D) Occurs when the eyeball is too short from the anterior to the posterior wall
E) Can be corrected with glasses, contacts, or surgery
F) Occurs when light enters the eye and focuses behind the retina
G) Eyeball is elongated from the anterior to the posterior wall
H) Occurs when the light rays entering the eye are focused irregularly

Question 32

Match the hyperopia eye disorder with the appropriate description, when it occurs, and the correction. (Select all that apply.)

A) Cornea or lens is shaped like a football
B) Can be corrected with refractive surgery or a convex corrective lens
C) Occurs when light rays entering the eye focus in front of the retina
D) Occurs when the eyeball is too short from the anterior to the posterior wall
E) Can be corrected with glasses, contacts, or surgery
F) Occurs when light enters the eye and focuses behind the retina
G) Eyeball is elongated from the anterior to the posterior wall
H) Occurs when the light rays entering the eye are focused irregularly

Question 33

Match the astigmatism eye disorder with the appropriate description, when it occurs, and the correction. (Select all that apply.)

A) Cornea or lens is shaped like a football
B) Can be corrected with refractive surgery or a convex corrective lens
C) Occurs when light rays entering the eye focus in front of the retina
D) Occurs when the eyeball is too short from the anterior to the posterior wall
E) Can be corrected with glasses, contacts, or surgery
F) Occurs when light enters the eye and focuses behind the retina
G) Eyeball is elongated from the anterior to the posterior wall
H) Occurs when the light rays entering the eye are focused irregularly

Question 34

The ideal exam room for the Ishihara test

A) is well-lit with overhead lights.
B) is lit primarily by sunlight.
C) has plenty of room for the patient to stand 3 feet from the charts.

Question 35

Which of the following structures contains the auditory ossicles?

A) Auricle
B) External auditory canal
C) Tympanic cavity
D) Labyrinth

Question 36

The medical term for the earwax formed by glands lining the external auditory canal is

A) serumen.
B) cerumen.
C) ceruman.
D) cerumane.

Question 37

Which of the following tests are tested with corrective lenses unless the provider requests it?

A) Distance visual acuity
B) Near visual acuity
C) Ishihara color vision test
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above

Question 38

Which of the following tests measures the lowest intensity of sound an individual can hear?

A) Audiometric testing
B) Weber test
C) Rinne test
D) Tuning fork testing

Question 39

A patient with repeated involuntary eye movements would be diagnosed with

A) strabismus.
B) nystagmus.
C) astigmatism.
D) refractive errors.

Question 40

Which of the following structures is/are located in the retina?

A) Rods and cones
B) Optic nerve
C) Optic disc
D) Fovea centralis
E) All of the above

Question 41

Nearsightedness, or __________, occurs when light rays entering the eye focus in front of the retina.

Question 42

__________ eye drops are used to treat open-angle glaucoma.

Question 43

A child with __________ has involuntary movement of one or both eyes; this condition is often seen with multiple congenital abnormalities.

Question 44

An angry mother calls the office because no antibiotics had been prescribed for her child's otitis media, which she had reported earlier in the day. Following the office policy developed by the physician, Kim shares with the mother the most up-to-date recommendations on the treatment of otitis media. Summarize these recommendations.

Question 45

The __________ in the inner ear are responsible for maintaining balance and equilibrium.

Question 46

__________ errors occur when the eye is unable to focus light effectively on the retina.

Question 47

In a surgical procedure called __________, an excimer laser is used to treat refractive errors.

Question 48

Summarize the method of instilling eye drops.

Question 49

A form of strabismus seen in young children is __________.

Question 50

__________ is a procedure in which high-intensity sound waves are used to break up a cataract before it is removed.

Question 51

Inflammation of the glands and lash follicles along the margins of the eyelid is called __________.

Question 52

__________ is a sensorineural hearing loss that occurs with aging.

Question 53

In individuals over age 40, the elasticity of the internal lens of the eye is diminished; this condition is called __________.

Question 54

__________ causes the auditory ossicles to become fixed, resulting in a vibration hearing deficit.

Question 55

In ______________, heat is used to reshape the cornea in patients over age 40.

Question 56

The __________ within the cochlea is lined with hairlike sensory cells; these cells are surrounded by nerve fibers that stimulate the eighth cranial nerve, resulting in sound.

Question 57

__________ is a highly infectious disease, typically caused by staphylococcal bacteria, that causes edema, a purulent discharge, and inflammation of the eye.

Question 58

__________ results in the loss of central vision and ultimately leads to blindness.

Question 59

Amblyopia is an example of failure of the eyes to track together, a condition known as __________.

Question 60

When light focuses behind the retina, the patient is diagnosed with __________.

Question 61

The patient may stand 15 feet from the Snellen chart during the examination.

Question 62

The olfactory nerve is the cranial nerve that carries impulses for the sense of sight.

Question 63

The medical term for a stye is hordeolum.

Question 64

Amblyopia is an abnormal sensitivity to light.

Question 65

A patient with photophobia is afraid to leave home.

Question 66

Color is interpreted in the retina through specialized structures called cones.

Question 67

Mydriatic eye drops are applied before an eye examination to dilate the pupils.

Question 68

The vitreous humor helps maintain the shape of the anterior portion of the eye.

Question 69

Ringing of the ears is measured with an instrument called a tonometer.

Question 70

The Snellen eye chart should be placed 20 feet from the patient at the eye level of the examiner.

Question 71

Refraction is the ability of the lens of the eye to bend light rays so that they simultaneously focus on the cornea.

Question 72

If the patient starts to squint or lean forward during a Snellen exam, the medical assistant should continue to go down the rows until the patient makes more than two errors.

Question 73

A miotic medication causes the pupil to constrict.

Question 74

For the Ishihara test, the patient is instructed to read the plates with both eyes open.

Question 75

The eye's ability to see various-sized objects at different distances is called adjustment.

Question 76

Otosclerosis is a form of conduction deafness that causes the auditory ossicles to become fixed and unable to vibrate when sound waves enter the ears.

Question 77

The medical term for nearsightedness is presbycusis.

Question 78

The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.

Question 79

Gathering a patient history on ear abnormalities can be complicated. Give some examples of questions you can ask to clarify the patient's complaints.

Question 80

Summarize the purpose of eye irrigations and the instillation of eye medications.