Deck 19: Human Genetics

Question 1

In preparing a cell sample for karyotyping,when are the cells most visible?

A)Prophase
B)Metaphase
C)Anaphase
D)Telophase

Answer 1

B

Question 2

When can chorionic villi sampling be done?

A)2 weeks of pregnancy
B)5 weeks of pregnancy
C)8 weeks of pregnancy
D)10 weeks of pregnancy

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Autosomes are

A)another term for the Y sex chromosomes.
B)sex chromosomes.
C)nonsex "self" chromosomes.
D)abnormal chromosomes.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A human female body cell contains

A)46 chromosomes.
B)44 autosomes.
C)2 X chromosomes.
D)All apply.

Question 5

The sex of a child is determined by the

A)sperm.
B)egg.
C)either sperm or egg.

Question 6

In adults,the cell used most often for karyotyping is a

A)red blood cell.
B)skin cell.
C)gamete.
D)white blood cell.

Question 7

Another name for Down syndrome is

A)trisomy 23.
B)monosomy 15.
C)trisomy 21.
D)monosomy 20.

Question 8

Turner syndrome is due to a(an)

A)extra sex chromosome.
B)missing sex chromosome.
C)extra autosome.
D)missing autosome.

Question 9

Most nondisjunction embryos fail to survive.

Question 10

Down syndrome is due to an extra

A)X chromosome.
B)Y chromosome.
C)autosome.
D)X chromosome or an extra Y chromosome.

Question 11

What procedure is used to obtain embryonic or fetal chromosomes for karyotyping?

A)Chorionic villi sampling (CVS)
B)Ultrasonography
C)Amniocentesis
D)Both chorionic villi sampling (CVS)or amniocentesis are used

Question 12

Nondisjunction can only occur with autosomes,not the sex chromosomes.

Question 13

A mature red blood cell is useful for karyotyping.

Question 14

Trisomy could result from

A)an ovum of 24 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
B)an ovum of 22 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
C)an ovum of 23 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
D)None apply.

Question 15

Monosomy could result from

A)an ovum of 24 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
B)an ovum of 22 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
C)an ovum of 23 chromosomes fertilized by a sperm with 23 chromosomes.
D)None apply.

Question 16

Chances of having a child with Down syndrome _______ with increasing maternal age.

A)increases
B)decreases

Question 17

Karyotyping of chromosomes may be done immediately from cells obtained by amniocentesis.

Question 18

Which condition occurs as a result of nondisjunction?

A)Down syndrome
B)Turner syndrome
C)Poly-x syndrome
D)All apply.

Question 19

When does nondisjunction occur?

A)Anaphase of mitosis
B)Telophase of mitosis
C)Anaphase of meiosis I or II
D)Metaphase of meiosis II

Question 20

A display of an individual's chromosomes arranged by size,shape,and banding patterns is its

A)somatotype.
B)karyotype.
C)syndrome.
D)chromotype.

Question 21

Which sex chromosome(s)is(are)needed for life?

A)X
B)Y
C)X and Y

Question 22

XYY individuals are usually

A)super males.
B)sterile females.
C)males with speech and reading problems.
D)nonexistent.

Question 23

A genotype of Bb is

A)heterozygous.
B)homozygous recessive.
C)heterozygous recessive.
D)homozygous dominant.

Question 24

YO individuals are

A)feminized males.
B)masculine females.
C)nonexistent.
D)normal males.

Question 25

An individual with Klinefelter syndrome would be a

A)female with nonfunctional ovaries and uterus.
B)female with functional ovaries and uterus.
C)male with nonfunctional testes.
D)male with functional testes.

Question 26

An individual with one Y and two or more X chromosomes has

A)klinefelter syndrome.
B)jacobs syndrome.
C)turner syndrome.
D)poly-X syndrome.

Question 27

An individual with Turner syndrome would be a

A)female with nonfunctional ovaries and uterus.
B)female with functional ovaries and uterus.
C)male with nonfunctional testes.
D)male with functional testes.

Question 28

A genotype of DD is

A)heterozygous.
B)homozygous recessive.
C)heterozygous recessive.
D)homozygous dominant.

Question 29

Different forms of a gene are called

A)loci.
B)alleles.
C)homozygous.
D)homologous.

Question 30

Carriers for recessive disorders are

A)homozygous dominant.
B)heterozygous.
C)homozygous recessive.
D)either heterozygous or homozygous recessive.

Question 31

Can a female have an X-linked disorder?

A)Never
B)Yes,occurs frequently
C)Yes,occurs infrequently
D)Yes,always occurs

Question 32

A sex-linked gene inherited by a male comes from the

A)father.
B)mother.
C)father or the mother.
D)father and the mother.

Question 33

Genotype is

A)the genes of an individual.
B)the physical appearance of an individual.
C)the alleles an individual has.
D)Both the genes of an individual and the alleles an individual has are correct.

Question 34

An XO individual will have

A)klinefelter syndrome.
B)jacobs syndrome.
C)turner syndrome.
D)poly-X syndrome.

Question 35

Poly-X females are

A)never fertile.
B)hermaphrodites.
C)normally fertile.
D)nonexistent.

Question 36

An individual with XYY has

A)klinefelter syndrome.
B)jacobs syndrome.
C)turner syndrome.
D)poly-X syndrome.

Question 37

A genotype of tt is

A)homozygous recessive.
B)homozygous dominant.
C)heterozygous.
D)sex-linked.

Question 38

Phenotype is

A)the genes of an individual.
B)the physical appearance of an individual.
C)the alleles an individual has.
D)both the physical appearance of an individual and the alleles an individual has are correct.

Question 39

Which genotype is homozygous?

A)DD
B)dd
C)Dd
D)Both DD and dd are correct.

Question 40

An individual that has a dominant allele will have the phenotype of the

A)dominant trait.
B)recessive trait.
C)neither trait.
D)both traits.

Question 41

What short-cut is used to predict the probability of inheriting a particular trait?

A)Karyotype
B)Electrophoresis
C)Punnett square
D)Amniocentesis

Question 42

Over 50% of the genome codes for proteins.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a recessive inherited disorder?

A)Cystic fibrosis
B)Phenylketonuria
C)Sickle-cell disease
D)Muscular dystrophy

Question 44

In which situation can a child born with a genetic disease have two normal parents?

A)When the disease gene is dominant and the parents are heterozygous
B)When the disease gene is recessive and the parents are heterozygous
C)When the disease gene is either dominant or recessive
D)It is not possible

Question 45

The order of 99.9% of the base pairs of all people is exactly the same.

Question 46

Which of the following are alternate ways to introduce DNA into a cell (other than viruses)?

A)Direct insertion of DNA
B)Attachment to a liposome
C)Attachment to the cell membrane
D)All apply.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a sex-linked inherited disorder?

A)Thalassemia
B)Color blindness
C)Hemophilia
D)Muscular dystrophy

Question 48

All the genetic information in all the chromosomes of an individual is their

A)genome.
B)karyotype.
C)pedigree.
D)All apply.

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a dominant inherited disorder?

A)Neurofibromatosis
B)Achondroplasia
C)Hemophilia
D)Huntington disease

Question 50

The insertion of genetic material into human cells for treatment of a disorder is

A)a pedigree.
B)a genome.
C)amniocentesis.
D)gene therapy.

Question 51

What is the most lethal genetic disorder among Caucasians in the United States?

A)Down syndrome
B)Tay-Sach's disease
C)Spina bifida
D)Cystic fibrosis

Question 52

The most common vector that is used to transport DNA into a cell for gene therapy is a(an)

A)virus.
B)bacteria.
C)cancer cell.
D)allergen.

Question 53

An abnormal allele,leading to an abnormal channel protein,is the cause of

A)hemophilia.
B)cystic fibrosis.
C)unattached earlobes.
D)asthma.

Question 54

The most common virus class used as a vector is the

A)retrovirus.
B)herpes virus.
C)adenovirus.
D)liposome.

Question 55

A genetic disorder can lead to the synthesis of an abnormal protein.

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a multiple gene inherited disorder?

A)Cleft-lip
B)Spina bifida
C)Tay-Sach's disease
D)Hydrocephalus

Question 57

One way for a genetic counselor to deduce inheritance patterns is to construct a diagram of the trait that is called a(an)

A)karyotype.
B)pedigree.
C)amniocentesis.
D)preimplantation genetic diagnosis.