Deck 11: Blood

Question 1

The hematocrit is the volume of a blood sample made up of

A)plasma.
B)white blood cells.
C)platelets.
D)red blood cells.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

White blood cells function in blood clotting.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which components of blood do NOT perform defensive functions?

A)Red blood cells
B)White blood cells
C)Antibodies
D)Platelets

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste found in the plasma?

A)Ammonia
B)Amino acids
C)Uric acid
D)Urea

Question 5

Fifty-five percent of blood is

A)organic molecules.
B)plasma.
C)formed elements.
D)blood cells.

Question 6

Which of the following is a regulatory function of blood?

A)Secrete antibodies
B)Form a blood clot
C)Maintain water-salt balance
D)Remove wastes from cells

Question 7

Blood transports carbon dioxide from the ______ to the ______ for disposal.

A)lungs;tissues
B)tissues;lungs
C)lungs;kidneys
D)kidneys;tissues

Question 8

Where does the process of hematopoiesis occur in the adult?

A)Red bone marrow
B)Yellow bone marrow
C)Liver
D)Spleen

Question 9

The plasma proteins that have the greatest effect on osmotic pressure are

A)albumins.
B)fibrinogens.
C)globulins.
D)hormones.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of blood?

A)Regulating body temperature
B)Regulating pH
C)Regulating capillary exchanges
D)Regulating osmotic pressure

Question 11

What is the function of dissolved salts in the plasma?

A)Maintain osmotic pressure and food for cells
B)Maintain pH and transport substances
C)Maintain osmotic pressure and pH
D)Transport and fight infection

Question 12

Which of the following is a defensive function of blood?

A)Engulfing and destroying pathogens
B)Delivery of nutrients to cells
C)Distributing heat around the body
D)All apply.

Question 13

Which protein dissolved in plasma fights pathogens (disease-causing agents)?

A)Albumin
B)Fibrinogen
C)Hemoglobin
D)Antibody

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma proteins?

A)Gamma globulins form lipoproteins.
B)Albumins contribute to osmotic pressure.
C)Fibrinogen is needed for blood clotting.
D)Beta globulins bind to metal ions for transport.

Question 15

A protein that is produced by white blood cells and dissolved in plasma is

A)albumin.
B)antibody.
C)fibrinogen.
D)hemoglobin.

Question 16

Hematocrit is usually about ______ %.

A)95
B)15
C)45
D)55

Question 17

The cells that give rise to red blood cells,platelets,and most white blood cells are called

A)erythroblasts.
B)megakaryoblasts.
C)lymphatic stem cells.
D)myeloid stem cells.

Question 18

What percentage of plasma is water?

A)55%
B)92%
C)45%
D)8%

Question 19

The process of blood cell formation is called

A)hemostasis.
B)hematopoiesis.
C)coagulation.
D)blood typing

Question 20

Agglutination may occur if a person with type B- blood is given

A)type B- blood.
B)type B+ blood.
C)type O- blood.

Question 21

What is a reticulocyte?

A)A type of white blood cell
B)An immature red blood cell
C)A hormone that stimulates the production of blood cells
D)A formed element that functions in blood clotting

Question 22

Red blood cells are also known as

A)leukocytes.
B)thrombocytes.
C)erythrocytes.
D)multipotent stem cells.

Question 23

The hormone that is released by the kidney that promotes the production of red blood cells is

A)insulin.
B)thyroxin.
C)erythropoietin.
D)estrogen.

Question 24

__________ is a blood disorder caused by the lack of vitamin B-12.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Polycythemia

Question 25

Which of the following leukocytes is correctly matched with its function?

A)Monocyte - fights against parasitic worms
B)Basophil - engulfs pathogens by phagocytosis
C)Neutrophil - becomes macrophages
D)Lymphocyte - responsible for specific immunity

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a difference between erythrocytes and leukocytes?

A)Leukocytes have a nucleus.
B)Leukocytes are smaller.
C)Leukocytes have no hemoglobin.
D)Leukocytes are translucent unless stained.

Question 27

Which type of white blood cell stains red and helps to lessen an allergic reaction?

A)Lymphocyte
B)Eosinophil
C)Basophil
D)Monocyte

Question 28

What type of red bone marrow cells can become any type of formed element?

A)Myeloid stem cells
B)Multipotent stem cells
C)Totipotent stem cells
D)Lymphatic stem cells

Question 29

A general term that means a condition in which red blood cells or hemoglobin levels are low is

A)polycythemia.
B)anemia.
C)sickle cell disease.
D)leukemia.

Question 30

__________ is a genetic blood disease.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Aplastic anemia

Question 31

When the oxygen content of the blood is low,_____ is released by the kidneys to increase red blood cell production in the red bone marrow.

A)erythropoietin
B)renin
C)aldosterone
D)prothrombin

Question 32

Which protein binds oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A)Albumin
B)Erythropoietin
C)Anemia
D)Hemoglobin

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a granular leukocyte?

A)Monocyte
B)Basophil
C)Eosinophil
D)Neutrophil

Question 34

Which formed element is able to leave the bloodstream?

A)Red blood cell
B)White blood cell
C)Platelet
D)All of the formed elements can leave the bloodstream.

Question 35

An increase in the numbers of red blood cells that makes the blood too viscous is

A)hemorrhagic anemia.
B)hemolytic anemia.
C)pernicious anemia.
D)polycythemia.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a function of leukocytes?

A)They fight infection.
B)They destroy dead or dying body cells.
C)They take oxygen to cells.
D)They recognize and kill cancer cells.

Question 37

When erythrocytes are broken down,the heme group is broken down and excreted as

A)amino acids.
B)bile pigments.
C)iron.
D)erythropoietin.

Question 38

Which type of white blood cell is the first to respond to an infection?

A)Monocyte
B)Eosinophil
C)Basophil
D)Neutrophil

Question 39

Red blood cells contain mostly

A)globulin.
B)fibrinogen.
C)albumin.
D)hemoglobin.

Question 40

__________ is an increased rate of red blood cell destruction.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Aplastic anemia

Question 41

Which type of white blood cell is the most numerous in a given blood sample?

A)Eosinophils
B)Neutrophils
C)Basophils
D)Lymphocytes

Question 42

Which of the following is explained by the fact that platelets have no nucleus?

A)Platelets help with blood clotting.
B)Platelets are the smallest formed element.
C)Platelets are more numerous than red blood cells.
D)Platelets have a very short life.

Question 43

The globin portion of hemoglobin is converted to bilirubin and biliverdin,which contribute to the color of the feces.

Question 44

What substance is released by the damaged blood vessel to aid in the vascular spasm?

A)Heparin
B)Serotonin
C)Histamine
D)Thrombin

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT an event of hemostasis?

A)Coagulation
B)Platelet plug formation
C)Clot retraction
D)Vascular spasm

Question 46

What type of cells do platelets come from?

A)Megakaryocytes
B)Reticulocytes
C)NK cells
D)Myeloblasts

Question 47

Leukemia involves

A)uncontrolled production of abnormal white blood cells.
B)a decrease in leukocyte production.
C)a viral infection.
D)a bacterial infection.

Question 48

Which type of leukocyte is polymorphonuclear?

A)Neutrophils
B)Lymphocytes
C)Eosinophils
D)Basophils

Question 49

What is the first event of hemostasis after the injury?

A)Vascular spasm
B)Coagulation
C)Clot retraction
D)Platelet plug formation

Question 50

Oxyhemoglobin gives blood a dark maroon color.

Question 51

Which type of leukocyte will produce antibodies?

A)Basophils
B)T lymphocytes
C)B lymphocytes
D)Monocytes

Question 52

Higher oxygen concentration and a more basic pH will cause hemoglobin to take up oxygen.

Question 53

Which type of leukocyte will enlarge in the tissues and become macrophages?

A)Lymphocytes
B)Monocytes
C)Eosinophils
D)Neutrophils

Question 54

The average adult has between 3 to 4 million RBCs per mm³ of blood.

Question 55

White blood cells have the ability to squeeze through pores in capillary walls into the tissues.

Question 56

Natural killer (NK)cells are a type of granular lymphocyte.

Question 57

Thrombocytes

A)have a nucleus.
B)are cell fragments.
C)are produced in the thymus.
D)All apply.

Question 58

Platelets generally have a very short life because they have no nucleus.

Question 59

Which type of leukocyte has granules that release histamine and heparin?

A)Neutrophil
B)Monocyte
C)Basophil
D)Lymphocyte

Question 60

Mature red blood cells are capable of mitosis.

Question 61

What vitamin is needed for the formation of prothrombin by the liver?

A)Vitamin B-12
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin K
D)Vitamin A

Question 62

What ion is necessary for coagulation?

A)Na⁺
B)K⁺
C)Mg²⁺
D)Ca²⁺

Question 63

A person with type O blood makes ___________antibodies.

A)anti-A
B)anti-B
C)both anti-A and anti-B
D)no

Question 64

The __________ mechanism for activation of clotting comes from the blood.

A)intrinsic
B)extrinsic

Question 65

What chemical will dissolve fibrin to remove a blood clot?

A)Prothrombin
B)Thrombin
C)Plasmin
D)Serum

Question 66

Blood type is determined by

A)antigens in the plasma.
B)antigens on red blood cells.
C)antibodies in the plasma.
D)antibodies on red blood cells.

Question 67

Type O red blood cells have ______ antigens.

A)A
B)B
C)no

Question 68

Which of the following is the correct order of events of coagulation? (1)thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
(2)fibrin strands form the clot
(3)prothrombin activator is formed
(4)prothrombin converted to thrombin

A)4,1,2,3
B)1,2,3,4
C)3,4,1,2
D)2,1,4,3

Question 69

A clot that forms in an unbroken blood vessel is a(n)

A)embolus.
B)stem cell.
C)plasmin.
D)thrombus.

Question 70

A person with type AB blood has ________ antigens.

A)A
B)B
C)both A and B
D)no

Question 71

Which blood type is considered the universal donor type?

A)Type A
B)Type B
C)Type AB
D)Type O

Question 72

A circulating clot that then blocks a blood vessel is a(n)

A)embolus.
B)thromboembolism.
C)thrombus.
D)platelet plug.

Question 73

A person with blood type B has which antibodies?

A)Anti-A
B)Anti-B
C)Anti-A and anti-B
D)No antibodies

Question 74

What can help prevent clots from forming in undamaged blood vessels?

A)Heparin from basophils and mast cells
B)Smooth endothelium of blood vessel walls
C)Prothrombin activator
D)Both heparin and a smooth endothelium are correct.

Question 75

The extrinsic mechanism for activation of clotting comes from the

A)blood.
B)damaged tissue.
C)external environment.
D)central nervous system.

Question 76

Serum is plasma minus

A)platelets.
B)fibrinogen.
C)prothrombin.
D)Both fibrinogen and prothrombin are correct.

Question 77

A blood condition due to the lack of one or more clotting factors is

A)hemophilia.
B)thrombus.
C)thrombocytopenia.
D)embolus.

Question 78

A low platelet count is called

A)hemophilia.
B)thrombus.
C)thrombocytopenia.
D)thromboembolism.

Question 79

A person with blood type A has which antigen?

A)A
B)B
C)A and B
D)Neither A nor B

Question 80

The universal donor blood type is able to be donated to any of the other blood types because

A)it doesn't make any antibodies.
B)it has both A and B antigens.
C)it has no A or B antigens.
D)it makes both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.