Deck 11: Mental Health Issues and Treatment

Question 1

Risks associated with anxiety among African-Americans Higher rates of mortality among older adults with anxiety symptoms exist for which racial/ethnic group?

A)Pacific Islanders
B)African Americans
C)Non-hispanic whites
D)Native Americans

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Generalized anxiety disorder example- choice A 45-year-old man Is concerned because his 70-year-old mother seems unusually restless,tense,irritable,and prone to worrying.It is possible that his mother has developed which psychological disorder?

A)post-traumatic stress
B)major depressive
C)generalized anxiety
D)agoraphobia

Answer 2

C

Question 3

DSM vs.ICD Unlike the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5),the International Classification of Diseases makes possible diagnosis of which conditions?

A)Personality disorders
B)Neurocognitive diseases
C)All medical illnesses
D)Disorders of later life

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Prevalence of specific phobias Which of the following form of anxiety disorder has the highest lifetime prevalence rates among older adults?

A)Social anxiety disorder
B)Agoraphobia
C)Panic disorder
D)Specific phobia

Question 5

Agoraphobia symptoms- stem People who have the anxiety disorder known as agoraphobia fear what type of situation?

A)Having a panic attack without being able to escape.
B)Being in the upper story of a tall skyscraper.
C)Flying on an airplane that hits turbulence.
D)Speaking in front of others in public places.

Question 6

Social anxiety disorder symptoms The symptoms of social anxiety disorder involve,specifically,which types of thoughts and feelings?

A)Dislike of other people and preference to be alone
B)Worries about being in the middle of a crowd
C)Fear of looking foolish or embarrassed
D)Inability to relax while in a group situation

Question 7

Lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder is estimated to be ____%.

A)6.7
B)16.6
C)30.4
D)2.0

Question 8

Medicare parity of 2008 Passage of a Medicare revision in 2008 changed reimbursements allowing for parity in mental health care,meaning that patients:

A)would pay more for mental health than for medical interventions.
B)could only be eligible for mental health care if they applied for a new policy.
C)no longer were able to receive any reimbursement for mental health care services.
D)were entitled to the same reimbursement for mental health as for medical care.

Question 9

Major depressive disorder and tooth loss Older adults suffering from _____________ disorder have been shown to be more likely to have experienced significant tooth loss.

A)post-traumatic stress
B)major depressive
C)generalized anxiety
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 10

Major depressive disorder and risks for other disorders Depressive symptoms can place the older adult at risk for developing which other diseases or conditions?

A)sarcopenia
B)emphysema
C)arthritis
D)hyperthermia

Question 11

Age differences in symptoms Compared to younger adults,older adults with major depressive disorder are more likely to have symptoms involving:

A)suicidal thoughts.
B)feelings of guilt.
C)physical pain.
D)low self-esteem.

Question 12

Generalized anxiety disorder in medical patients Generalized anxiety disorder tends to affect a higher percentage of _____________ compared to the general population.

A)medical patients
B)high school dropouts
C)early retirees
D)military personnel

Question 13

Age of developing bipolar Based on prevalence data,older adults with bipolar disorder were most likely to have developed it by the time they reached the age of about:

A)25
B)65
C)50
D)35

Question 14

Compulsion example- choice A 67-year-old woman is constantly organizing and re-organizing her kitchen cabinets,wanting every cup,plate,glass,and utensil to be in exactly the "right" place.Her behavior causes her distress,and although she would like to stop,she can't help herself.This behavior would be considered to be what type of psychological symptom?

A)hoarding
B)compulsion
C)delusion
D)obsession

Question 15

Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder In generalized anxiety disorders,individuals experience which of the following symptoms?

A)hand tremors
B)restlessness
C)irrational fears
D)sense of guilt

Question 16

Criteria for abnormality An older woman becomes so enraged at what she believes is poor service that she storms out of a restaurant and vows never to eat there again even though she's gone there for years,and there was nothing different about the way she was treated.What would a psychologist need to know in order to consider whether her behavior fits the criteria for abnormality?

A)How long she had been a regular at the restaurant.
B)Whether she really was treated poorly or not.
C)Exactly how old she was at the time of the incident.
D)Whether she had recently become a widow.

Question 17

Why misdiagnosis occurs A clinician may fail to diagnose correctly an older adults' major depressive disorder because he or she assumes that:

A)older adults deliberately try to disguise their symptoms.
B)what seems to be depression is really a medical disease.
C)depression is a natural consequence of growing older.
D)older adults would prefer not to receive such a diagnosis.

Question 18

Bipolar disorder and white matter hyperintensities Older adults with white matter hyperintensities are at increased risk for developing ____________disorder.

A)panic
B)generalized anxiety
C)major depressive
D)bipolar

Question 19

Anxiety disorders have highest lifetime prevalence Of the following,which category of disorders has the highest lifetime prevalence?

A)depressive
B)personality
C)anxiety
D)schizophrenia

Question 20

Dark triad The "Dark Triad" in psychology is composed of traits including Machiavellianism,narcissism,and:

A)depression.
B)neuroticism.
C)psychopathy.
D)extraversion.

Question 21

Geropsychology guidelines APA's geropsychology guidelines suggest that if clinicians are not familiar with a particular disorder affecting older adults,they should:

A)inform the client that treatment is not advised.
B)seek consultation with or referral to an expert.
C)treat the client with whatever skills they have.
D)encourage the client to consult a self-help manual.

Question 22

Maturation hypothesis example- stem A 67-year-old former embezzler out on parole sees a court-ordered therapist each week.The therapist observes in her notes that he seems to be a good example of the maturation hypothesis.This means that the former convict shows which behavior?

A)Continuing his involvement in risky ventures that might lead to arrest.
B)Refusing to admit to the fact that he engaged in criminal activities.
C)Losing interest in becoming involved in illegal activities involving theft.
D)Giving advice to young people on how to avoid incarceration for their crimes.

Question 23

Illicit substances Abuse of which type of illicit substance is most common in older adults?

A)cocaine
B)prescription drugs
C)marijuana
D)opioids

Question 24

Biopsychosocial risk factors Which of the following is a sociocultural contributor to suicide risk in older adults?

A)depression
B)memory loss
C)stress
D)chronic pain.

Question 25

Late-onset depression risks Risks for what appears to be a schizophrenic-like disorder that develops late in life include:

A)symptoms of depression.
B)reliance on others for help.
C)extreme poverty.
D)social isolation.

Question 26

Highest rates Which characteristic is most likely to be seen by health care workers in an older adult who later commits suicide?

A)Extreme psychological distress.
B)History of previous suicide attempts.
C)An urgent desire for help.
D)Willingness to share thoughts and feelings.

Question 27

LOSS symptoms- stem One of the key symptoms of LOSS is the experience of:

A)depression after the death of a spouse.
B)unwillingness to seek treatment.
C)increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience.
D)being unwilling to part with unnecessary objects.

Question 28

Highest suicide rates Which demographic category in the U.S.includes the highest age-adjusted suicide rate?

A)Males ages 15-24.
B)Females ages 30-39.
C)Females ages 80-84.
D)Males ages 75 and older.

Question 29

Hoarding disorder- choice In the disorder known as _______________,individuals continually collect objects that they don't need,are unable to throw out those objects,and may clutter up their homes to the point of being almost unlivable.

A)agoraphobia
B)schizophrenia
C)psychopathy
D)hoarding

Question 30

Percent using illicit drugs 50-54 What is the approximate percent of adults 50 to 54 who use illicit drugs?

A).8
B)25
C)9
D)14

Question 31

Clinical interview use During a psychological assessment,the clinician may use a(n)_______________,which involves a flexible series of questions designed to gain initial information.

A)mental status examination
B)clinical interview
C)standardized screening tool
D)intelligence test

Question 32

Self-neglect The perpetrator in cases of elder abuse involving self-neglect is the:

A)son or daughter.
B)personal care assistant.
C)hired caregiver.
D)individual him- or herself.

Question 33

Modifications to make during assessment Which of the following is an appropriate modification that clinicians should use when assessing older adult clients?

A)Taking physical limitations of the client into account such as arthritis.
B)Skipping questions on a standardized measure to reduce total testing time.
C)Speaking in as soft a voice as possible so that clients don't feel stressed.
D)Turning the lights in the room down to reduce the client's stress levels.

Question 34

Stress generation in borderline personality disorder Researchers studying borderline personality disorder tendencies in older adults found those high in neuroticism to be more likely to show ______________ in which they create more problems in their lives.

A)sexual impulsivity
B)psychopathic tendencies
C)stress generation
D)self neglect

Question 35

Factor 1 of psychopathy Factor 1 of the trait of psychopathy includes which set of characteristics typical of people with antisocial personality disorder?

A)Lack of ability to experience empathy
B)An impulsive and risky lifestyle.
C)Instability in the sense of self.
D)Fear of being abandoned.

Question 36

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia- stem Which of the following would be considered a "positive" symptom of schizophrenia?

A)hallucinations
B)improved mood
C)social withdrawal
D)hoarding

Question 37

Funding of Adult Protective Services In the U.S.,Funding to provide support to Adult Protective Services,mandated by federal law to protect older adults,comes primarily from:

A)states.
B)federal government.
C)counties.
D)private charities.

Question 38

Suicide attempts in people with schizophrenia Approximately what percent of individuals with schizophrenia attempt to commit suicide during their lifetimes?

A)15
B)50
C)1
D)40

Question 39

Emotional abuse most prevalent According to a survey on elder abuse in the U.S.,which is the most frequent form of elder abuse committed by others to the older adult?

A)financial
B)sexual
C)emotional
D)physical.

Question 40

PTSD and heart disease The development of PTSD in older individuals is linked to risks of which physical health condition?

A)Emphysema
B)Heart disease
C)Arthritis
D)Sarcopenia

Question 41

Benzodiazepines Of all the available options for treating anxiety disorders in older adults with medication,the category with the greatest effectiveness,though potentially addictive,is:

A)lithium.
B)neuroleptic.
C)clozapine.
D)benzodiazepine.

Question 42

Medical model A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is a treatment for an older adult's depressive disorder that would fall in the category of the ______________ model.

A)psychodynamic
B)behavioral
C)medical
D)cognitive

Question 43

MMSE uses An advantage of the MMSE for the assessment of an older individual is the fact that it is:

A)able to diagnose specific disorders
B)insensitive to cultural factors
C)quick and easy to administer
D)useful as a standalone measure

Question 44

Depression vs.dementia An older adult client is being seen in a clinic to evaluate whether she has depression or a neurocognitive disorder.One indication that will help a clinician in making the diagnosis is that if she is depressed,she will show which behavioral tendencies?

A)Have progressive cognitive declines over time.
B)Show cognitive symptoms before depression symptoms.
C)Exaggerate the extent of her memory loss.
D)Not respond to psychotherapeutic intervention.

Question 45

Orientation- choice A mental status examination of an older adult typically includes a measure of ______________,or knowledge of the time,the place,and the person's own identity.

A)affect
B)perception
C)mood
D)orientation

Question 46

Interpersonal therapy In the method of treatment known as ________________ therapy,clinicians help older adults understand and improve their social skills,methods of conflict resolution,and relationships.

A)telepsychology
B)psychodynamic
C)life review
D)cognitive-behavioral.

Question 47

Therapeutic alliance An important first step in psychotherapy with older adults is establishing a(n)___________ in which the client and clinician strive to collaborate in treatment.

A)life review process
B)therapeutic alliance
C)behavioral intervention
D)evidence-based agreement