Deck 10: Work, retirement, and Leisure Patterns

Question 1

Career as calling- stem People who feel that their occupation is a "calling" are likely to believe that it:

A)will help them achieve recognition.
B)can bring them closer to retirement.
C)fulfills their purpose in life.
D)makes their families proud of them.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Career definition The basis for understanding the connection between individuals and social organizations as these interact over the individual's lifetime is the:

A)job
B)career
C)vocation
D)occupation

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Percent in 55-59 in labor force in 2018 In 2018,estimates are that _______% of the 55-59 year-old population will be in the labor force.

A)25
B)95
C)68
D)80

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Career plateau Reaching a point in your vocational development where you no longer feel that you are growing might keep you at the:

A)establishment stage.
B)bridge employment.
C)recycling stage.
D)career plateau.

Question 5

Unemployment rate for veterans Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars have an unemployment rate of ___% across all age groups.

A)8.6
B)25.9
C)11.6
D)4.7

Question 6

Gender gap amount In 2011,the gender gap in earnings equaled _____% based on median weekly earnings.

A)12
B)82
C)75
D)53

Question 7

Reason for gender gap What is the main factor accounting for the gender gap in earnings?

A)Only 8% of professional women are in higher-paying fields
B)Women work fewer hours than men on a weekly basis
C)Men are more likely to work in healthcare and education.
D)Women have higher childcare expenses than do men.

Question 8

Exploration stage- choice In the earliest,or _____________ stage of vocational development,individuals attempt to find a way to express their self-concept through their work.

A)recycling
B)plateau
C)exploration
D)protean

Question 9

Congruence example After several years at his current job as a sales manager,a 50-year-old man decides he would rather remain a sales manager than do anything else because it suits his personality and interests.Based on the RIASEC model,you would expect that his score on a measure of career _________ would therefore be higher than would someone else's score who did not desire a career change.

A)congruence
B)adaptation
C)realism
D)conservatism

Question 10

College degree and income In the U.S.,how does a college degree influence an individual's earning potential?

A)Having a bachelor's degree leads to no measurable improvement.
B)Only people with degrees in engineering or business benefit in terms of income.
C)All college graduates have higher earning potential than high school graduates.
D)Men,but not women,benefit in earning potential from a college degree.

Question 11

Work-Family enrichment and Aging Today In "Aging Today," the case of Marissa Mayer (CEO of Yahoo)showed that she gives her employees few resources on which component of the work-family enrichment model?

A)networking
B)self-efficacy
C)flexibility
D)spillover.

Question 12

Career as calling- choice Individuals who feel that their occupation is a(n)____________ are likely to feel the most personal meaning in their work.

A)exploration
B)calling
C)correspondence
D)resource

Question 13

Realistic type example- choice According to Holland's RIASEC model,the people most likely to want a career in accounting would have a(n)____________ occupational type.

A)realistic
B)artistic
C)conventional
D)enterprising

Question 14

Conventional type A financial analyst who works for a large firm that manages mutual funds would be considered to have which type of job in the RIASEC model?

A)Realistic
B)Conventional
C)Artistic
D)Enterprising

Question 15

Veterans vs.non-veterans A fact about the employment status of veterans compared to non-veterans is that:

A)there are fewer veterans from older age groups.
B)about 25% have a service-connected disability.
C)non-veterans have more years in the labor force.
D)older veterans have lower unemployment than younger.

Question 16

Boundaryless career- choice Being able to find a ________________ career,in which people are not tied to a particular company or organization,might be difficult during times of a tight economy.

A)protean
B)bridge
C)boundaryless
D)self-determined

Question 17

Super's theory basic assumptions Super's theory,unlike Holland's,assumes that people strive to express their __________ in their vocation.

A)preferences
B)self-concept
C)resources
D)satisfaction

Question 18

Incongruent Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are,in Holland's theory,referred to as:

A)incongruent.
B)protean.
C)boundaryless.
D)disengaged.

Question 19

RIASEC- stem Holland's vocational development theory describes the RIASEC model,which stands for the:

A)test used to identify a person's type.
B)six factors that make up the model.
C)names of the six vocational factors.
D)corporation where initial testing was done.

Question 20

Social type Which of the following occupations fits into the RIASEC social type?

A)Market researcher
B)Salesperson
C)Economist
D)Math teacher

Question 21

Emotional labor The concept of emotional labor applies most closely to which type of job industry?

A)technology
B)manufacturing
C)the arts
D)service

Question 22

Cortisol and stress in Whitehall II In Whitehall II,workers in lower employment grades had higher ___________ levels,beginning in the morning and continuing through the end of the day,supporting the idea that their stress was related to poor sleep as well as their experiences at work.

A)cortisol
B)testosterone
C)insulin
D)glucose

Question 23

Work-family enrichment dimensions A 40-year-old mother of two who works as a managerial assistant in an accounting firm earns enough to be able to schedule after-school child care without this impinging significantly on her family budget.She would therefore be rated as high on which component of the work-family enrichment model?

A)social capital
B)psychological resources
C)material resources
D)flexibility

Question 24

Protean career- stem In a protean career,workers feel that they are best able to achieve:

A)personal growth and self-fulfillment.
B)the highest promotions possible.
C)an ideal work-family balance.
D)flexible work schedules.

Question 25

ADEA example- choice A manager is seeking to fill a job opening on his sales staff.His human resources department warns him that he can't take age into account,as mandated by which Federal legislation?

A)SSA
B)NAFTA
C)ADEA
D)WAIS

Question 26

Older workers and absenteeism Older workers are more reliable according to which criterion?

A)speed of response
B)absenteeism
C)fluid intelligence
D)driving performance

Question 27

Identity and age discrimination A 56-year-old sales manager in an office supply company has started to suspect that the younger workers at the company are giving jobs not to her but to their age peers.However,she can't quite figure out if this is true or not.She's been worried about losing her edge anyhow,and now she doubts herself even more.According to the identity process model,she is engaging in identity:

A)accommodation.
B)self-efficacy.
C)assimilation.
D)stereotyping.

Question 28

Core self-evaluations The work-related quality known as the core self-evaluation consists of an individual's perception of his or her:

A)degree of work stress.
B)salary level in relation to others.
C)feeling of self-efficacy in the job.
D)overall level of neuroticism.

Question 29

Extrinsic motivation in self-determination theory As workers feel that they have more control in their job,the extent of their ___________ motivation decreases.

A)affective
B)intrinsic
C)emotional
D)extrinsic

Question 30

Work-family enrichment dimensions In the work-family enrichment framework,the psychological resources category includes which component?

A)fluid intelligence
B)self-efficacy
C)interpersonal skills
D)coping skills

Question 31

Two-factor theory Extrinsic factors are the same as _____________ factors in the two-factor motivational theory.

A)job motivators
B)hygiene
C)calling
D)protean

Question 32

Intrinsic motivation example- choice A scuba instructor greatly enjoys his work,especially the fact that he can spend much of his day underwater exploring the reefs.He also likes the activity of teaching especially when he can introduce someone new to the pleasures of the sport.He is high on which type of work factor motivation?

A)maintenance
B)intrinsic
C)hygiene
D)extrinsic

Question 33

Motivational crowding out According to self-determination theory,to the extent that workers lose their intrinsic motivation when they receive extrinsic rewards for doing what they love,they will experience:

A)person-environment correspondence.
B)motivation crowding out.
C)work-family enrichment.
D)occupational reinforcement.

Question 34

Age and job performance Research on age and job performance shows that older workers are typically better in which regard than are younger workers?

A)giving advice to co-workers about their personal lives.
B)working in shifts in which their hours change weekly.
C)taking fewer voluntary absences for personal reasons.
D)performing transportation jobs in which driving is required.

Question 35

Age and job satisfaction meta-analysis A large meta-analysis of studies on aging and job satisfaction showed that older workers were more satisfied with their jobs if they:

A)were of non-minority status.
B)had longer job tenure.
C)had a college education.
D)higher salary levels.

Question 36

Self-efficacy in older workers A supervisor in a large hardware store wants to encourage his older workers to seek out on-the-job training so they will keep themselves familiarized with new products.One way to do so is to build the sense of _______________ in these older workers.

A)extrinsic motivation
B)self-determination
C)occupational reinforcements
D)self-efficacy

Question 37

Affective events theory According to ________________ theory,the way you start your day influences your work performance throughout the day.

A)motivation crowding out
B)affective events
C)self-determination
D)emotional labor

Question 38

Occupational reinforcement patterns- stem In the Occupational Reinforcement Pattern (ORP)system,jobs are rated according to which type of characteristic?

A)education and income
B)skills and abilities
C)personality and interests
D)values and needs

Question 39

Workplace bullying In a study of workplace bullying,behaviors involving ____________ were found to be most stressful of all forms of bullying.

A)work-related criticism
B)intimidation
C)emotional labor
D)social isolation

Question 40

Boundaryless career- stem In a boundaryless career,workers feel that they are able to:

A)find growth and meaning in their job through self-direction.
B)mentor younger and less experienced employees.
C)take on extra hours to earn more overtime pay.
D)seek a company that gives them opportunities for advancement.

Question 41

ADEA protections According to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA),what type of behavior by an employer would explicitly be prohibited?

A)Suggesting that workers invest in the pension plan.
B)Enrolling employees in private health care.
C)Asking a job interviewee for his or her age.
D)Requiring that employees receive on-the-job training.

Question 42

Monthly income on Social Security As of 2012,the average monthly benefit for Social Security was approximately $________:

A)2323
B)1090
C)1241
D)1997

Question 43

Blurred retirement- choice The majority of retirees are said to experience a(n)______________ retirement,because they typically do not exit the labor force in an all-or-nothing fashion.

A)crisp
B)voluntary
C)blurred
D)involuntary

Question 44

Social Security Law- choice To provide old age retirement benefits and unemployment insurance,Congress passed the _______ ________ law in 1935.

A)Social Security
B)Pension Reform
C)Age Discrimination
D)Self-Determination

Question 45

Continuity theory- choice According to ___________ theory,retirees maintain a sense of identity and therefore do not experience retirement in a negative manner.

A)on-time
B)continuity
C)resource
D)role

Question 46

Leisure pursuits in retirement The so-called "absolute innovators" identified in a study of retired travelers were more likely than the comparison group of non-innovators to:

A)use their vacations to visit their children and grandchildren.
B)travel to big cities with more opportunities to be active.
C)find opportunities for growth and self-expression.
D)take a break from physical and mental activity.

Question 47

New mode of retirement What differentiates the "new mode" approach from the "usual" mode of retirement?

A)The individual takes the spouse's qualities and family obligations into account.
B)Both partners in a couple pool their assets when they begin their financial planning.
C)The husband makes decisions about his retirement and then informs the wife.
D)Neither partner in a couple takes the other into account in retirement decisions.

Question 48

Resource model definition- choice The idea that people are able to draw on their physical,psychological,and social capabilities to allow them to adjust to retirement is referred to as the ________ model.

A)bridge
B)life course
C)resource
D)self-concept

Question 49

Major source of income for retirees The major source of income for retirees is:

A)welfare.
B)asset income.
C)Social Security.
D)pensions.

Question 50

Biopsychosocial model Which of the following is a sociocultural factor in the biopsychosocial model of retirement?

A)Metabolic syndrome
B)Opportunities for engagement
C)Expectations
D)Amount of role strain