Question 1

A red blood cell,visualized in a blood smear,appears to stain less intensely in the center of the cell than at the periphery.This light staining central region results from:&#10;A) A centrally located Golgi apparatus&#10;B) A greater accumulation of hemoglobin within the center of the cell&#10;C) A pale-staining nucleus&#10;D) An attenuation of the cytoplasm caused by the biconcave disk shape of the cell&#10;E) Lipid droplets

Accepted Answer

The biconcave disk shape of the red blood cell causes the cytoplasm to become attenuated at the center of the cell, resulting in a lighter stain compared to the more intensely stained periphery. This is a characteristic feature of red blood cells.

Question 2

The brick red-staining secretory granules of an eosinophil contain:&#10;A) Histamine and heparin&#10;B) Immunoglobulin&#10;C) Major basic protein&#10;D) Serotonin&#10;E) Tumor necrosis factor

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils contain major basic protein in their secretory granules, which is involved in their immune response, particularly in combating parasites and in allergic reactions.

Question 3

Blood-borne platelets are derived from which type of bone marrow cell?&#10;A) Eosinophilic myelocytes&#10;B) Macrophages&#10;C) Megakaryocytes&#10;D) Normoblasts&#10;E) Polychromatophilic erythroblasts

Accepted Answer

Blood-borne platelets are derived from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

Question 4

Which cell has a very small,darkly staining nucleus?&#10;A) Erythrocyte&#10;B) Normoblast&#10;C) Polychromatophilic erythroblast&#10;D) Proerythroblast&#10;E) Reticulocyte

Accepted Answer

Normoblasts are characterized by their small, darkly staining nuclei as they are in a late stage of erythropoiesis where the nucleus is condensed and ready to be expelled from the cell.

Question 5

A monocyte circulating in the blood:&#10;A) Exits the blood to differentiate into a macrophage in connective tissue&#10;B) Is approximately 10 micrometers in diameter&#10;C) Is specialized for attacking and destroying parasitic larvae&#10;D) Possesses a small,round,dark-staining nucleus&#10;E) Possesses numerous,intensely stained secretion granules in the cytoplasm

Accepted Answer

Monocytes are precursors to macrophages, and they differentiate into macrophages once they exit the blood and enter connective tissues.

Question 6

A component of blood cells called a Barr body represents a(n):&#10;A) Aggregation of ribosomes in reticulocytes&#10;B) Clump of polymerized hemoglobin&#10;C) Cytoplasmic inclusion found in eosinophils&#10;D) Enlarged phagocytic vesicle found in neutrophils&#10;E) Inactivated X chromosome extending from the nucleus in neutrophils

Accepted Answer

A Barr body is an inactivated X chromosome that appears as a condensed, darkly staining mass in the nucleus of cells. It is only found in females, who have two X chromosomes, and represents a mechanism of dosage compensation to ensure that both males and females have equal expression of genes located on the X chromosome.

Question 7

Which blood cell typically possesses a nucleus with two to three lobes and a pale-staining cytoplasm?&#10;A) Basophil&#10;B) Eosinophil&#10;C) Lymphocyte&#10;D) Monocyte&#10;E) Neutrophil

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils typically have a nucleus with two to three lobes and a pale-staining cytoplasm. Basophils have a bilobed nucleus and cytoplasm that stains dark blue due to the presence of granules. Eosinophils have a bilobed nucleus and cytoplasm that stains pink-orange due to the presence of granules. Lymphocytes have a round nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm. Monocytes have a kidney-shaped nucleus and a relatively large amount of cytoplasm.

Question 8

Which blood cell possesses numerous receptors for immunoglobulin E in its plasma membrane?&#10;A) Basophil&#10;B) Eosinophil&#10;C) Lymphocyte&#10;D) Monocyte&#10;E) Neutrophil

Accepted Answer

Basophils possess numerous receptors for immunoglobulin E (IgE) in their plasma membrane, which when bound to allergens, can trigger the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators, leading to allergic reactions.

Deck 7: Blood and Bone Marrow