Question 1

Casein is a major protein produced by cells in:&#10;A) Eccrine sweat glands&#10;B) Mammary glands&#10;C) Mucus-type salivary acini&#10;D) Serous-type salivary acini&#10;E) The exocrine pancreas

Accepted Answer

Casein is a major protein produced by mammary glands in mammals, which is the source of milk protein.

Question 2

A major protein component of the basal lamina of an epithelium is:&#10;A) Heparin&#10;B) Keratin&#10;C) Tubulin&#10;D) Type II collagen&#10;E) Type IV collagen

Accepted Answer

Type IV collagen is a major protein component of the basal lamina, which is a specialized extracellular matrix that underlies and supports epithelial cells. Heparin is a type of glycosaminoglycan that is not typically found in the basal lamina. Keratin is a protein found in epithelial cells, but it does not make up the basal lamina. Tubulin is a protein that helps make up microtubules, which are not typically part of the basal lamina. Type II collagen is found in cartilage and not typically in the basal lamina.

Question 3

A brush border of microvilli,specialized for the active transport of small molecules across transporter proteins in the cell membrane,is typically found in which type of epithelium?&#10;A) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium&#10;B) Simple columnar epithelium&#10;C) Simple squamous epithelium&#10;D) Stratified squamous epithelium&#10;E) Transitional epithelium

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium typically has a brush border of microvilli, which aids in the active transport of small molecules across the cell membrane through transporter proteins. The other types of epithelia listed do not typically have microvilli and are not specialized for active transport.

Question 4

In certain epithelial cells,the plasma membrane has a scalloped contour and contains many rigid membranous plaques.In which type of epithelium can such cells be found?&#10;A) Simple cuboidal epithelium&#10;B) Simple columnar epithelium&#10;C) Simple squamous epithelium&#10;D) Stratified squamous epithelium&#10;E) Transitional epithelium

Accepted Answer

The description of plasma membrane with a scalloped contour and rigid membranous plaques is typical of transitional epithelium, which lines organs that need to stretch and contract, such as the bladder. This type of epithelium can change shape and size in response to tension, and the specialized plasma membrane structure is believed to facilitate this function.

Question 5

Goblet cells are typically found in which type of epithelium?&#10;A) Pseudostratified columnar&#10;B) Simple cuboidal&#10;C) Simple squamous&#10;D) Stratified squamous&#10;E) Transitional

Accepted Answer

Goblet cells are typically found in pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which lines the respiratory tract and portions of the digestive and reproductive systems. These cells secrete mucus to protect and lubricate the epithelium.

Question 6

A stratified cuboidal epithelium is found in which location?&#10;A) Eccrine sweat glands&#10;B) Lining blood vessels&#10;C) Lining the trachea&#10;D) Lining the urinary bladder&#10;E) Surface of the skin

Accepted Answer

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is found in the ducts of eccrine sweat glands, where it helps in the secretion and movement of sweat.

Question 7

A simple squamous epithelium is specialized for:&#10;A) Adaptation to rapid changes in the volume of a hollow organ&#10;B) Diffusion of molecules between a lumen and underlying connective tissue&#10;C) Movement of mucus within the respiratory system&#10;D) Protection of underlying connective tissue from abrasion or desiccation&#10;E) Secretion of proteins into a lumen

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flat cells that allow for efficient diffusion of molecules between a lumen (such as a blood vessel or air sac) and underlying connective tissue. They do not provide protection, adaptation to rapid changes in volume, movement of mucus, or secretion of proteins.

Question 8

A serous demilune is defined as a(n):&#10;A) A collection of secretory acini that drain into a single duct&#10;B) An association of secretory vesicles at the apical surface of an epithelial cell&#10;C) A bright-staining segment of a basal lamina beneath glandular epithelial cells&#10;D) A collection of serous cells adjacent to mucus cells of a salivary gland&#10;E) Simple cuboidal cells that constitute the duct portions of salivary glands

Accepted Answer

A serous demilune is a crescent-shaped cluster of serous cells that surround and partially envelop mucous acini within a salivary gland. They are also known as "half-moon" or "arc-shaped" cells.

Deck 2: Epithelium and Exocrine Glands