Deck 10: Forensic Psychology and the Victims of Crime and Other Wrongs

Question 1

A victim's fear of retaliation or belief that an incident was unimportant are two reasons why youth

A) commit suicide after being victimized by a violent crime.
B) take the law into their own hands after being victimized.
C) seek law enforcement assistance after a crime has occurred.
D) don't report violent crime to law enforcement.

Answer 1

don't report violent crime to law enforcement.

Question 2

Which ethnoracial group experienced the highest rate of violence, according to the NCVS 2012 data?

A) Whites
B) Blacks
C) Hispanics
D) Asians

Answer 2

Blacks

Question 3

What was the intent of the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act of 2008?

A) To increase public awareness of crime against victims with developmental disabilities
B) To broaden protections of disabled Americans
C) To prevent public employees from abusing the system
D) To provide psychological services to disabled Americans

Answer 3

To broaden protections of disabled Americans

Question 4

Payment for medical and counseling expenses, lost wages and support, and funeral bills are considered victim

A) compensation.
B) allowances.
C) rights.
D) restoration.

Question 5

The first victim's bill of rights was passed in the year _____ in the state of _____.

A) 1950; California
B) 1960; New York
C) 1970; Ohio
D) 1980; Wisconsin

Question 6

Most psychological concepts and theories are based on

A) Freudian treatment.
B) Euro-American contexts.
C) multicultural research.
D) diverse samples.

Question 7

Which source of victimization information is considered the best?

A) Law enforcement personnel
B) Forensic psychologists
C) Offenders
D) Victims

Question 8

The Constitution of the United States protects the rights of all of the following except

A) suspects.
B) defendants.
C) victims.
D) prisoners.

Question 9

In the year following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the FBI reported a _____ increase in hate crimes against Arab Americans living in the U.S.

A) 16%
B) 78%
C) 110%
D) 1600%

Question 10

Crime that does not come to the attention of police is known as

A) subversive crime.
B) the dark figure.
C) anonymous statistics.
D) tertiary crime.

Question 11

It is estimated that __________ of the U.S. population has some type of disability.

A) less than 5%
B) 7-12%
C) 14-20%
D) 22-30%

Question 12

Victims who exercise their right of allocution are least likely to be successful at

A) having a sentence increased.
B) delaying an offender's release on parole.
C) allowing the offender to profit from his or her crime.
D) knowing when an offender is released from prison.

Question 13

Restorative justice is an approach that attempts to solve problems using __________ rather than __________.

A) compromise; conflict
B) punishment; reintegration
C) formality; informality
D) engagement; mediation

Question 14

Society's attempt to recover and restore a victim's financial, physical or psychological victimization following a crime is called

A) restitution.
B) laudability.
C) reparation.
D) advocacy.

Question 15

According to NCVS data, victims were LESS likely to be injured by __________ offenders compared to

A) stranger; someone they knew.
B) older; juvenile delinquents.
C) mentally disordered; developmentally disabled
D) deinstitutionalized; someone in their own ethnoracial group.

Question 16

How many states require that a victim be notified if an offender has escaped from prison?

A) Zero
B) Three
C) Fifteen
D) Fifty

Question 17

Which law denies convicted offenders the right to profit from their crime?

A) Fair Restitution
B) Refutation of Blood Money
C) Ted Bundy Law
D) Son of Sam Law

Question 18

One reason that NCVS data differs from UCR data is that it

A) includes sexual assault crimes.
B) is conducted semiannually.
C) includes crimes not reported to the police.
D) is administered by local law enforcement agencies.

Question 19

While all five ethnoracial groups identified by the NCVS are diverse, the greatest diversity is among the ________ group.

A) White
B) Black
C) Hispanic
D) Asian

Question 20

The term multiculturalism includes all of the following except

A) gender.
B) race.
C) ethnicity.
D) age.

Question 21

Messages, notes, or vandalism of personal property refer to the __________ of burglary.

A) inherent loss
B) personalization
C) interpersonal dimension
D) obsessive nature

Question 22

According to research by Finkelhor & Ormrod (2001b) a disproportionate number of young-child homicides are committed by

A) childcare providers.
B) adult women
C) adolescent males
D) adult males

Question 23

Research suggests that rape victims are 4 times more likely than non-crime victims to

A) be victimized by police.
B) have contemplated suicide.
C) abuse drugs.
D) seek psychological help.

Question 24

Burglary is classified as a(n) __________ crime.

A) invasive
B) victimless
C) status
D) property

Question 25

Which of the following statements is an erroneous and harmful conclusion that people often make based on sexual assault data?

A) Victims who don't show evidence of physical injury must have consented.
B) Most victims recover quickly following an assault.
C) All victims of sexual assault are heterosexual females.
D) Victims make mistakes that promote and encourage violence.

Question 26

Which organization developed the most well-known and utilized model for training of death notifiers?

A) Mothers Against Drunk Driving
B) Alcoholics Anonymous
C) National Rifle Association
D) International Critical Incident Stress Foundation

Question 27

What is the most lucrative human trafficking enterprise?

A) Involuntary domestic services
B) Bonded labor
C) Forced labor
D) Sexual exploitation

Question 28

Why are homicides of young children so difficult to document?

A) The offenders are often skilled at deception and manipulation
B) They are difficult to distinguish from accidents
C) They are rare
D) The crime is too heinous for society to accept

Question 29

Boys are more likely to be victims of __________, where girls are more likely to be victims of __________.

A) sex trafficking; statutory rape
B) statutory rape; sex trafficking
C) physical bullying; Internet harassment
D) Internet harassment; physical bullying

Question 30

The impact of criminal violence on victims is best described as __________ and __________.

A) substantial; far-reaching
B) temporary; stressful
C) undocumented; uncontrollable
D) impermeable; irrepressible

Question 31

Psychologists working with death notifiers must be particularly attuned to

A) the high likelihood of repeated victimization.
B) symptoms of burnout.
C) threats from the perpetrator.
D) the tendency to become too close with the victim's family.

Question 32

Most cases of child sexual abuse involves which type of relationship between victim and offender?

A) The offender is an older sibling of the victim
B) The victim and offender are strangers
C) The victim and offender often know one another
D) The offender is a primary caregiver of the victim

Question 33

Alicia is a 10-year-old girl who was sexually abused by an uncle, is regularly hit by her mother, and has been sexually assaulted by her older brother. Which term accurately describes Alicia?

A) Polyvictim
B) Vicarious traumatization
C) Multiculturism
D) Iatrogenic effect

Question 34

All of the following are identified needs of co-victims following notification of a death except

A) an opportunity for venting of emotion.
B) calm and reassuring authority.
C) vengeance on the perpetrator.
D) restoration of control.

Question 35

At what age range is Internet harassment most likely to occur?

A) Between ages 7 and 10
B) Between ages 11 and 13
C) Between ages 14 and 17.
D) Between ages 18 and 21.

Question 36

Which factor is associated with healthy grieving process following death?

A) Finding meaning in the death
B) The ability to detach from the experience
C) A desire to get over the loss and moving forward
D) Resuming one's routine shortly after the loss

Question 37

Which statement about online sexual solicitation is most accurate?

A) The majority of Internet child molesters use trickery to assault children.
B) Most Internet-initiated sex crimes consist of adult men who use the Internet to meet and entice underage teenagers into sexual meetings
C) Child and adolescent online profiles and other social media channels frequently attract aggressive sexual predators
D) Increasingly, offenders and traffickers are using the Internet to facilitate the sexual trafficking and exploitation of children.

Question 38

Sal was an Army lieutenant and the leader of a rifle platoon in World War II. For years after the war ended, he suffered from depression, anxiety, and recurring nightmares of his time in the war. Despite suffering from symptoms for years, Sal was never diagnosed with PTSD. Why not?

A) PTSD was not recognized at the time.
B) Sal's symptoms are not indicative of PTSD.
C) Sal's experience wasn't traumatic enough to warrant a PTSD diagnosis.
D) PTSD doesn't apply to war veterans.

Question 39

Which activity of human trafficking is considered the most controversial?

A) Prostitution
B) Domestic servitude
C) Bonded labor
D) Forced Labor

Question 40

According to PTSD research, which variable may be the most important in one's psychological reaction to trauma?

A) Physical health
B) Social support
C) Gender
D) Ethnicity

Question 41

A fundamental flaw with child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome is that the behaviors may occur in any child who has experienced trauma.

Question 42

Most victims exercise their right of allocution.

Question 43

Why do traffickers often select children who are most vulnerable?

A) Vulnerable children are easier to control
B) Vulnerable children display sexual knowledge that is beyond their level of development
C) Vulnerable children will not be missed by family members
D) Vulnerable children are often resilient

Question 44

Most burglaries occur when someone is present in the home.

Question 45

How many children and adolescents become victims of commercial sexual exploitation in the United States each year?

A) 3,000
B) 13,000
C) 30, 000
D) 300, 000

Question 46

Victims of crime have only one legal venue for obtaining justice.

Question 47

The homicide rate of juveniles in the United States is low compared to other developed, industrialized nations.

Question 48

Compared to individuals who are grieving for the loss of a loved-one who died nonviolently, the process of mourning for families of murder victims lasts longer, is more intense, and is more complex.

Question 49

Complicated bereavement differs from normal bereavement in the length and intensity of symptoms.

Question 50

The greater the perceived malevolence of the murder, the higher the stress of those left behind.

Question 51

Intervention for child survivors of commercial sexual exploitation should begin with

A) immediate treatment.
B) comprehensive assessment.
C) deprogramming.
D) reentry.

Question 52

Compared to victims without disabilities, victimization rates of individuals with disabilities are

A) much higher.
B) much lower.
C) underreported.
D) overreported.

Question 53

Victimization rates of children and adults with disabilities far exceed those of individuals who do not have disabilities.

Question 54

The psychological effects of violence are generally the same across persons and situations.

Question 55

What is the primary concern with the Trafficking Victims Protection Act?

A) It doesn't address prosecution of offenders
B) It doesn't prevent further human trafficking
C) It doesn't protect victims
D) It doesn't have a law enforcement approach.

Question 56

Discuss how psychology's monocultural perspective impacts current treatment, diagnosis and future practice.

Question 57

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act was designed to combat the crime of human trafficking through protection, prosecution, and prevention.

Question 58

The prevalence of PTSD is twice as high for men than it is for women.

Question 59

Define child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome and describe the controversy associated with it.

Question 60

Most Internet-initiated sex crimes consist of adult men who use the Internet to meet and entice underage teenagers into sexual meetings.

Question 61

Summarize the symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Question 62

Identify and briefly describe three reasons youth may not report violent crime victimization to law enforcement.

Question 63

Describe the two legal venues available to victims of crime.

Question 64

How may the grieving process for survivors of homicidal death differ from survivors of those who died nonviolently?

Question 65

What are the psychological impacts of burglary on its victims? Do you think that there should be counseling programs provided by law enforcement regarding to this type of crime? Why or why not?

Question 66

Define a death notification. What are the repercussions of a poorly done notification?

Question 67

What does research tell us about homicides of young children? Include what we know about the age of victims, offender characteristics, reasons for the crime, and difficulty in documenting this crime.

Question 68

Discuss the reasons why the U.S. Constitution protects the rights of suspects and defendants but not the rights of victims.

Question 69

What does the NCVS measure and how has it evolved over the years?

Question 70

How does the diversity of the Hispanic population affect victimization data?