Deck 17: Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Question 1

Patients with Parkinson's dementia __________.

A) have normal recognition memory
B) are emotionally unstable
C) suffer from anterograde amnesia
D) often have very poor episodic memory

Answer 1

A

Question 2

How does the rate of forgetting change in people with Alzheimer's disease?

A) It slows down.
B) It stays the same.
C) It increases.
D) It becomes nonlinear.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which is a cortical dementia?

A) Parkinson's
B) Huntington's
C) Alzheimer's
D) multiple sclerosis

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following changes in Alzheimer's dementia causes a loss of mitochondria and ribosomes in the neurons?

A) neurofibrillary tangles
B) de-myelinization
C) amyloid plaques
D) RNA re-sequencing

Question 5

What is the likelihood that best captures the probability that a person will contract Alzheimer's disease if a close relative also has the disease?

A) 1 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 40 percent
D) 75 percent

Question 6

People with Parkinson's disease have the most trouble with their __________.

A) autobiographical memory
B) working memory
C) episodic memory
D) long-term memory

Question 7

What percentage of the population over 65 has some form of dementia?

A) 10
B) 30
C) 15
D) 50

Question 8

Working memory deficits among Alzheimer's patients are frequently a result of __________.

A) problems with the phonological loop
B) problems with the visuo-spatial sketchpad
C) problems with the central executive
D) problems with the echoic memory

Question 9

Patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type __________.

A) have no difficulty with dual task conditions
B) have highly preserved semantic memories
C) often produce semantically related intrusions
D) are unaware of their condition

Question 10

Patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type __________.

A) have no difficulty performing under dual task conditions
B) have more difficulty than age-matched, nondemented adults performing under dual task conditions
C) have less difficulty than age-matched, nondemented adults in performing under dual task conditions
D) prefer multitasking

Question 11

Which part of the brain is severely affected in Parkinson's disease?

A) pons
B) corpus collosum
C) caudate nucleus
D) occipital lobe
Ed: Same as #17

Question 12

What is the best way to characterize long-term memory loss in Alzheimer's Disease?

A) graded memory loss
B) flat function memory loss
C) early memory loss
D) reflex memory loss

Question 13

Which of the following is a hallmark of middle stage Alzheimer's dementia?

A) impaired route finding
B) infantile reflexes return
C) hoarding
D) difficulty recognizing relatives

Question 14

Which part of the brain is severely affected in Parkinson's disease?

A) pons
B) corpus collosum
C) basal ganglia
D) occipital lobe

Question 15

Which of the following is a hallmark of late stage Alzheimer's dementia?

A) impaired route finding
B) infantile reflexes return
C) mild forgetfulness
D) difficulty recognizing relatives

Question 16

Patients with Parkinson's dementia __________.

A) have difficulty sequencing information
B) often have a great deal of emotional lability Au: Wrong word?
C) suffer from anterograde amnesia
D) often have very poor episodic memory

Question 17

Which of the following is not a symptom of most dementias?

A) word-finding difficulties
B) failure to recognize familiar people
D) declines in judgment

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a hallmark of early stage Alzheimer's disease?

A) mild forgetfulness
B) misplacing objects
C) forgetting familiar names
D) problems remembering names of semantic categories

Question 19

What part of working memory functioning is more likely to be affected in someone with Parkinson's disease?

A) overactive phonological loop
B) perseveration errors
C) abstinence behaviors
D) electrocutical responding

Question 20

Which of the following is a memory deficit that can be observed in people with Parkinson's disease?

A) difficulty remembering object locations
B) difficulty with semantic memory
C) problems with overusing inhibitory processes
D) declines in semantic priming

Question 21

Which of the following is a characteristic of Huntington's Disease?

A) flat function for retrograde amnesia
B) graded function for retrograde amnesia
C) particular loss of verbal working memory abilities
D) decreased episodic memory organization

Question 22

What is one of the primary neurological difficulties in people with multiple sclerosis?

A) lack of neurotransmitters
B) neural demyelinization
C) neural overexpansion
D) central nervous system modalities

Question 23

What is the Cotard delusion?

A) the mistaken belief that one is dead or the world does not exist
B) the sounds of voices from unobserved sources
C) the idea that one cannot access any memories before a certain point due to repression
D) the concept that increased anxiety improves performance

Question 24

Memory deficits in schizophrenic patients are most frequently __________.

A) implicit memory problems
B) procedural memory problems
C) short-term memory problems
D) episodic memory problems

Question 25

With depression, people are less likely to __________.

A) remember anything
B) organize information in memory
C) remember how to be happy
D) remember to take their medication

Question 26

How is short-term memory affected by schizophrenia?

A) It is largely intact.
B) It is moderately disrupted.
C) Its capabilities are abolished.
D) It runs in overdrive.

Question 27

According to the Pollyanna principle, normal, nondepressed people are more likely to remember _______ events.

A) recent
B) older
C) negative
D) positive

Question 28

People who are depressed __________.

A) have normal memories
B) are actually able to remember faster
C) remember only depressing things
D) have a difficult time retrieving information

Question 29

Whether a person develops schizophrenia is a function of __________.

A) genetics
B) culture
C) birth irregularities
D) all of the above

Question 30

What is an example of a short-term memory deficit that might emerge in people with multiple sclerosis?

A) Memory scanning slows down.
B) increased disorganization
C) decline in visuo-spatial trajectory
D) autumnal pressurization

Question 31

With regard to semantic information, people who are depressed are likely to __________.

A) activate a wider range of knowledge
B) activate a narrower range of information
C) show larger priming effects
D) show increased categorization tendencies

Question 32

If there is long-term memory loss in schizophrenia, it shows what sort of pattern?

A) flat memory loss
B) temporal gradient
C) reverse temporal gradient
D) constrictive memory loss

Question 33

People who are depressed __________.

A) are less likely to encode new information
B) have no semantic memory impairment
C) have impaired memory spans
D) have problems with implicit memory

Question 34

People who are depressed __________.

A) have normal memories
B) are actually able to remember faster
C) remember only depressing things
D) have a difficult time encoding new positive information

Question 35

How is the rate of episodic memory affected in people with Huntington's disease?

A) It is largely the same.
B) It slows down.
C) It speeds up.
D) It becomes an accelerated function.

Question 36

What is the name of the condition in which a person invents false memories that are not based in reality?

A) confabulation
B) improvisation
C) opportunicism
D) separation anxiety

Question 37

The Cotard delusion impacts patients with severe __________.

A) multiple sclerosis
B) depression
C) paranoid schizophrenia
D) phantom limb syndrome

Question 38

People who engage in confabulation typically have damage to what part of the brain?

A) hippocampus
B) parietal lobe
C) frontal lobe
D) medulla

Question 39

In the Cotard delusion, the patients believe that they are __________.

A) dead
B) unable to remember anything
C) someone else
D) Jesus

Question 40

Which of the following types of memory is unaffected by schizophrenia?

A) short-term memory
B) episodic recall
C) working memory
D) semantic retrieval

Question 41

What type of memory do benzodiazepines typically affect?

A) implicit memory
B) autobiographical memory
C) declarative memory
D) procedural memory

Question 42

When a person experiences phantom limbs it is because __________.

A) part of his or her cortex retains memory representations of that limb
B) psychologically, there is a need to complete the body as a whole
C) there are still neural pathways coming from where the limb used to be
D) people have overactive imaginations

Question 43

People with semantic amnesia sometimes have trouble with remembering __________.

A) the structure of events
B) how to use objects
C) how to perform various activities
D) how to rehearse information in short-term memory

Question 44

How does alcohol impact memory?

A) It facilitates encoding.
B) It retards encoding.
C) It speeds retrieval.
D) It reverses prior organization and trace structure.

Question 45

A loss in memory for how to think about music is called __________.

A) amusia
B) ataxia
C) anomia
D) aphasia

Question 46

What effect can benzodiazepines have on memory?

A) They induce anterograde amnesia.
B) They induce retrograde amnesia.
C) They induce hypermnesia.
D) They improve prospective memory.

Question 47

The part of semantic amnesia in which a person has difficulty remembering word meanings is called __________.

A) amusia
B) ataxia
C) anomia
D) prosopagnosia

Question 48

What causes the phantom limb experience?

A) failure to believe a limb has been removed
B) damage to the hippocampus
C) depression caused by the loss of a limb
D) The neurons in charge of controlling the lost limb are still functioning.

Question 49

Which of the following is not an example of a memory deficit of some type?

A) amusia
B) ataxia
C) anomia
D) prosopagnosia

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT preserved in semantic amnesia?

A) episodic memory
B) autobiographical memory
C) procedural memory
D) They are all preserved.

Question 51

A loss of the ability to recognize faces is called __________.

A) prosopagnosia
B) ataxia
C) anomia
D) aphasia

Question 52

What seems to be true about people suffering from depression?

A) Depressed individuals are resistant to mood-congruent memories.
B) Depressed individuals store all memories in the hippocampus.
C) Depressed individuals recall fewer positive memories than non-depressed individuals.
D) Depressed individuals recall more negative memories than non-depressed individuals.

Question 53

Working memory span might be increased by __________.

A) practicing every day
B) expressing and disclosing emotions
C) rehearsal
D) eliminating irrelevant knowledge from long-term memory

Question 54

All of the following are subtypes of semantic amnesia except __________.

A) prosopagnosia
B) amusia
C) phantom limb syndrome
D) aphasia

Question 55

A loss in memory for how to use language is called __________.

A) amusia
B) ataxia
C) anomia
D) aphasia

Question 56

How does alcohol impact memory?

A) It increases retrograde interference.
B) It increases anterograde interference.
C) It decreases retrograde interference.
D) It decreases anterograde interference.

Question 57

Short-term memory is affected by anxiety in the sense that __________.

A) its capacity is reduced by the inclusion of anxiety-related thoughts
B) its capacity is reduced because of a reduction in mental energy
C) the central executive begins to shut down
D) the phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad cannot effectively communicate

Question 58

The consequence of synesthesia on working memory span is that it __________.

A) conjunctifies it
B) reduces it
C) improves it
D) has no effect on it

Question 59

What part of the brain is damaged in most cases of semantic amnesia?

A) right temporal lobe
B) left temporal lobe
C) right parietal lobe
D) left parietal lobe

Question 60

The primary memory problem in people with anxiety is that __________.

A) they remember too little information
B) they remember too much irrelevant information
C) their semantic activation becomes more random
D) their episodic activation becomes more random

Question 61

What are some of the memory deficits observed in people with anxiety?

Question 62

What are two subcortical dementias?

Question 63

Would it be possible to induce the benefits of synesthesia on memory in people who do not have this condition? Why or why not?

Question 64

Compare and contrast the memory deficits observed in depression and anxiety.

Question 65

What are some of the primary neurological changes that occur with Alzheimer's disease?

Question 66

What are some of the memory deficits observed in people with schizophrenia?

Question 67

In what ways can drugs and alcohol be used to improve some types of memory? How practical is this?

Question 68

What are some memory changes that can occur with Alzheimer's disease, and during what part of the disease do they occur?

Question 69

If words are presented in a color that is different from a person's synesthetic experience of that word, this will _________ memory for that word.

A) reorganize
B) have no effect on
C) improve
D) impede
Short Answers

Question 70

What is one type of semantic memory loss that can occur with brain damage?

Question 71

What are some of the hallmarks of a dementia?

Question 72

What are some of the memory deficits observed in people with Parkinson's disease?

Question 73

What are some of the memory deficits observed in people with depression?