Deck 3: Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Question 1

Jan is a security officer.Jan believes that it is important to know exactly who is in the office at any given time.She notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they have lunch,which makes it impossible to keep track of who is actually in the office.Jan becomes frustrated with those employees.She makes note of them and reports them to their supervisors. Which of the following options describes the order in which Jan experienced the three components of attitude?

A)behavioural,cognitive,affective
B)cognitive,affective,behavioural
C)affective,behavioural,cognitive
D)cognitive,behavioural,affective

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In organisations,attitudes are important because they affect job behaviour.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behaviour and attitudes is termed:

A)rational decision-making.
B)self-perception.
C)self-fulfilling prophecy.
D)cognitive dissonance.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Variant Julia owns a bakery in Melbourne.She has four employees who have unique positions: one works as a baker,one applies decorations to the cakes,one works at the counter helping customers,and one markets their catering business.
Evie has worked at the counter for six months.She complains to the other workers that she works harder for the amount of income she receives.In this attitude to her work,Evie is expressing the ________ component.

A)evaluative
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)affective

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a moderating variable in the relationship between attitudes and behaviours?

A)the rewards inherent in maintaining the dissonance
B)the influence we believe we have
C)the importance of the attitude
D)the fundamental values of the attitude

Question 6

If there is an inconsistency between an individual's attitude on a specific issue and his or her behaviour,the only option is to alter the behaviour.

Question 7

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas comes to you for an explanation of why she is so uncomfortable.To explain,you would probably use the theory of:

A)moderating variables.
B)cognitive dissonance.
C)behavioural components.
D)affective attitudes.

Question 8

The theory of cognitive dissonance was proposed by:

A)G)G.Shaw.
B)Leon Festinger.
C)John Holland.
D)Abraham Maslow.

Question 9

Variant
Cognition,affect and behaviour are the three components of an attitude.

Question 10

If attitudes and behaviour are inconsistent,individuals will most likely:

A)change their behaviour.
B)change their attitudes.
C)change either their attitudes or behaviour.
D)do nothing.

Question 11

Brian runs a lawn-mowing business in the suburbs of Melbourne.He employs five workers,each of whom operates their own independent garden maintenance unit comprising of a utility truck and assorted lawn-mowing equipment. Martin has worked for Brian for seven years.Martin tells his wife how much he loves the autonomy of his job.In his attitude to his work,Martin is expressing the ________ component.

A)evaluative
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)affective

Question 12

The ________ component of an attitude refers to an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.

A)affective
B)evaluative
C)cognitive
D)behavioural

Question 13

Variant The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude is known as the ________ component.

A)evaluative
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)affective

Question 14

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas can be expected to relieve the discomfort she is experiencing by:

A)considering the importance of the issue.
B)considering how much influence she has.
C)considering the rewards of keeping the dissonance.
D)all of the above.

Question 15

The word attitude describes evaluative statements about objects,people or events.

Question 16

Mrs Jonas believes strongly that everyone has an obligation to protect the environment.Mrs Jonas works for a pig farm in the Hunter Valley and has just discovered that pig waste is being released into the river. Mrs Jonas is experiencing:

A)evaluative attitude.
B)employee engagement.
C)cognitive dissonance.
D)peer pressure.

Question 17

Variant
A person will rationalise his or her modified behaviour if a discrepancy is felt between the person's attitudes and behaviours.

Question 18

Discuss the three components of an attitude.

Question 19

The statement 'my pay is poor' reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

A)behavioural
B)reactive
C)affective
D)cognitive

Question 20

Variant
Leon Festinger concluded that behaviour follows attitudes.

Question 21

Research shows that people perceive their organisation as supportive when:

A)employees have a voice in decisions.
B)rewards are abundant.
C)they see their supervisors as political leaders.
D)none of the above.

Question 22

Variant A person who experiences positive feelings about his or her job is experiencing:

A)job involvement.
B)job satisfaction.
C)organisational commitment.
D)job stability.

Question 23

The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job,actively participates in it and considers his or her performance important to self-worth is:

A)job involvement.
B)job satisfaction.
C)organisational commitment.
D)job stability.

Question 24

The theory of cognitive dissonance seeks to explain the link between employers and employees.

Question 25

Which one of the following is NOT an attitude that is considered in the study of organisational behaviour?

A)job involvement
B)organisational commitment
C)job productivity
D)job satisfaction

Question 26

Craig,Jenna and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah,on the other hand,feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside of her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Jenna's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction.
B)organisational commitment.
C)job involvement.
D)perceived organisational support.

Question 27

Job satisfaction is best described as a(an):

A)value.
B)attitude.
C)behaviour.
D)commitment.

Question 28

Variant The degree to which employees believe they are valued by their organisation and that it will care about their well-being is:

A)employee engagement.
B)psychological empowerment.
C)organisational commitment.
D)perceived organisational support.

Question 29

One of the powerful moderators of the attitudes relationship is the importance of the elements creating the attitude.

Question 30

Craig,Jenna and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah,on the other hand,feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Craig's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction.
B)organisational commitment.
C)job involvement.
D)perceived organisational support.

Question 31

Important attitudes reflect fundamental values,self-interest or identification with individuals or groups that a person values.

Question 32

Job involvement is best defined as a worker's:

A)need to participate in organisational activities.
B)general attitude toward his or her job.
C)identification with the job.
D)loyalty to the organisation.

Question 33

Variant When Mathilda's attitude is positive toward her job,she has:

A)job involvement.
B)values.
C)job satisfaction.
D)organisational commitment.

Question 34

________ represents the degree to which employees identify with their employer,the goals of the organisation and their desire to maintain membership in the organisation.

A)Psychological empowerment
B)Job satisfaction
C)Perceived organisational support
D)Organisational commitment

Question 35

Cognitive dissonance refers to incompatibility between attitudes and behaviour or between two attitudes.

Question 36

Craig,Jenna and Sarah all work for the same accounting firm.Craig is generally happy about his job.Jenna believes that her role is very important within the firm and is proud of her own high performance levels.She firmly believes in maintaining the integrity of her work.Sarah,on the other hand,feels strongly about her membership with the firm.When she meets old acquaintances outside of her work,she is always eager to tell them about her firm.She is also keen to attend any functions held by the firm. Sarah's situation is an example of:

A)job satisfaction.
B)organisational commitment.
C)job involvement.
D)perceived organisational support.

Question 37

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about organisational commitment?

A)Positive relationships exist between organisational commitment and productivity.
B)The relationship between commitment and performance is higher for new employees.
C)Reduction in commitment leads to lower levels of creative performance.
D)Employees who are committed will tend to show lower levels of attendance.

Question 38

Discuss cognitive dissonance theory and ways in which individuals might alleviate dissonance.

Question 39

Define and discuss the theory of cognitive dissonance.

Question 40

Research shows that employees with strong perceived organisational support are more likely to have all of the following EXCEPT:

A)higher levels of organisational citizenship behaviours.
B)lower levels of tardiness.
C)stronger leadership ability.
D)better customer service.

Question 41

A popular measure of job satisfaction that is not very time-consuming is the:

A)commitment scale.
B)job involvement scale.
C)single global rating.
D)summation of job facets.

Question 42

Variant
Logan has a high level of job satisfaction,and he holds positive attitudes towards his job and his employer.

Question 43

A popular measure of job satisfaction that is sophisticated and accurate is the:

A)commitment scale.
B)job involvement scale.
C)single global rating.
D)summation of job facets.

Question 44

Most of the research in OB has been concerned with three attitudes: job satisfaction,job involvement and organisational commitment.Explain the difference between these attitudes.

Question 45

Job involvement refers to an individual's general attitude towards his or her job.

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a measurement of average job satisfaction levels?

A)comfort
B)supervision
C)training
D)pay

Question 47

Core self-evaluations are:

A)cognitive-based conclusions people make about themselves regarding their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
B)bottom-line conclusions people have about their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
C)emotional conclusions people make about their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.
D)psychological conclusions people make about themselves regarding their capabilities,competence and worth as a person.

Question 48

Among most developed countries,the majority of workers are satisfied with their jobs.

Question 49

In measuring job satisfaction,the two most popular measuring approaches are a single global rating and a summation of job facets.

Question 50

High levels of job involvement have been found to be related to higher absences.

Question 51

People who find their work as more fulfilling and challenging are likely to have ________ core self-evaluations.

A)positive
B)internal
C)negative
D)external

Question 52

Santha runs a small boutique advertising agency.It is important to her that her employees maintain a high level of job satisfaction at all times so that they focus on organisational issues and provide high levels of creativity. Santha wants to use a tool to measure her employees' level of job satisfaction that will assist her to identify and solve any issues quickly and accurately.Which is the most appropriate tool for her to use?

A)the dual global rating method
B)the summation of job facets method
C)the single global rating method
D)the accumulation of job facets method

Question 53

Which of the following statements is correct with regard to motivation and job satisfaction?

A)The things that motivate us are the same as what makes us happy.
B)Money is most likely to make you happy.
C)The things that motivate us are not always the same as what makes us happy.
D)Money is most likely to make you unhappy.

Question 54

The correlation between perceived organisational support and organisational citizenship behaviours is very strong.

Question 55

Variant
The summation of job facets is more time-consuming than using the single global rating method to measure job satisfaction.

Question 56

Variant
Psychological empowerment refers to the degree to which employees believe that the organisation values their contribution and cares about their well-being.

Question 57

Explain how psychological empowerment affects job involvement.

Question 58

Perceived organisational support (POS)is the degree to which employees believe that the organisation values their contribution and cares about their well-being.

Question 59

When debating with a co-worker the need for different types of job attitudes,what is your response?

Question 60

An employee's assessment of his or her satisfaction is:

A)a collection of attitudes and behaviours.
B)a complex collection of many discrete elements.
C)difficult and expensive to measure.
D)irrelevant to actual work outcomes.

Question 61

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Mark believes that his manager is a good person and will work things out if Mark just gives him time to do so.Mark is dealing with his dissatisfaction through:

A)loyalty.
B)exit.
C)voice.
D)neglect.

Question 62

Variant
Isabella would have higher job satisfaction if only she were paid more.

Question 63

Which of the following is TRUE about the relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism?

A)There is a consistent positive relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism.
B)No relationship can be established between satisfaction and absenteeism.
C)Liberal sick leave policies reduce absence among satisfied employees.
D)There is a consistent negative relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism.

Question 64

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)Satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
B)Satisfied employees are more prone to absenteeism.
C)Organisations with more satisfied employees tend to be more effective.
D)The relationship between job satisfaction and turnover is stronger than between job satisfaction and absenteeism.

Question 65

There is a negative relationship between absenteeism from work and job satisfaction.

Question 66

Not trying very hard as a response to job dissatisfaction would be what type of response?

A)exit
B)loyalty
C)voice
D)neglect

Question 67

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)There is a weak correlation between happiness and productivity.
B)Happy workers are generally productive workers.
C)Organisations with fewer satisfied employees tend to be less effective than organisations with more satisfied employees.
D)Organisations with more satisfied employees tend to be more effective than organisations with fewer satisfied employees.

Question 68

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Toni has decided that she'll just get a new job and get away from the problem.Toni is dealing with her dissatisfaction through:

A)loyalty.
B)voice.
C)neglect.
D)exit.

Question 69

Actively and constructively attempting to improve one's work conditions is expressing dissatisfaction through loyalty.

Question 70

Steve is unhappy with his job.He takes every possible vacation and sick day and sometimes shows up for work late.He is expressing his dissatisfaction by:

A)loyalty.
B)exit.
C)voice.
D)neglect.

Question 71

What is the connection between happiness and profitability?

Question 72

Pay is definitely the most important facet that determines job satisfaction.

Question 73

'Job satisfaction' has been shown to be a Western concept.

Question 74

Maria is dissatisfied with the way that her manager treats her.She has quit her job and found a new position with another firm.She has expressed her dissatisfaction through:

A)exit.
B)neglect.
C)loyalty.
D)voice.

Question 75

When making a decision about your future career prospects,a core self-evaluation is recommended.What are the benefits of this exercise in self-reflection?

Question 76

Union members express dissatisfaction by following the grievance protocols.

Question 77

Employees at Acme Express are dissatisfied with working conditions,salary and the general attitude of management.Mark,Susan and Toni are good friends who work at Acme,yet they seem to be reacting differently to the problems at work. Susan has composed a list of concerns along with her suggestions for improving conditions.Susan is dealing with her dissatisfaction through:

A)voice.
B)exit.
C)neglect.
D)loyalty.

Question 78

Attending union meetings as a response to job dissatisfaction would be what type of response?

A)loyalty
B)neglect
C)voice
D)exit

Question 79

Henry is dissatisfied with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who will do the right thing.Henry has decided that if he just waits,conditions will improve.Henry's approach to this problem is termed:

A)exit.
B)loyalty.
C)neglect.
D)voice.

Question 80

Quietly continuing to do your work,even though you're dissatisfied,is what type of response to dissatisfaction?

A)voice
B)loyalty
C)neglect
D)exit