Deck 2: The Individual

Question 1

Compare the levels of diversity,and explain how people transition from one level to another.

Answer 1

Levels of diversity commence at a shallow,surface level where individuals perceive each other according to characteristics,like gender,race,ethnicity,age or disability.This surface level suppresses deeper engagement where individuals may consider each other based on deeper considerations.However,as people build familiarity,they can begin to embrace these deep-level diversities which embrace peoples' differences in values,personality and work preferences.This deeper understanding leads to stronger connections and enables people to determine similarities,and reciprocal likes and dislikes.

Question 2

Deep-level diversity is defined as:

A)Differences in easily perceived characteristics,like gender,race,ethnicity,age or disability that may activate certain stereotypes.
B)Differences in values,personality and work preferences that become progressively more important for determining similarity as people get to know one another better.
C)Differences between things and making judgements about individuals based on stereotypes regarding their demographic group.
D)None of the above.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

"Incivility" is defined as disrespectful treatment,including behaving in an aggressive manner,interrupting the person,or ignoring his or her opinions.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)In general,older employees have lower rates of avoidable absence than do younger employees.
B)Older workers have lower rates of avoidable absence than do younger employees.
C)The older you get,the more likely you are to quit your job.
D)Older employees have higher rates of unavoidable absence than younger workers probably due to their poorer health.

Question 5

Older workers being targeted for redundancies because they are highly paid and have lucrative benefits and women claiming they are assigned to marginal job roles that don't lead to promotion are all examples of:

A)exclusion
B)deep-level diversity
C)discrimination
D)none of the above

Question 6

The Australian marketplace for female workers has changed significantly over the last 35 years.Now females in the workplace can expect:

A)higher wages
B)increased access to their manager
C)more travel opportunities
D)more responsibility in their work

Question 7

All of the following are examples of biographical characteristics except:

A)sexual orientation
B)length of service
C)age
D)gender

Question 8

Studies have found that all of the following statements are true except:

A)Men tend to be better at problem solving and analytical skills than women.
B)Few,if any,differences between men and women affect job performance.
C)Women are more willing to conform to authority than men.
D)Men are more likely than women to have expectations of success.

Question 9

Which of the following is true concerning the relationship between age and job satisfaction?

A)Satisfaction decreases among professionals as they age.
B)Most studies found a negative association between age and satisfaction.
C)There is a U-shaped relationship.
D)Satisfaction increases among non-professionals during middle age.

Question 10

Diversity can both help and hurt performance.

Question 11

One major study showed that organisations that provided diversity training were consistently more likely to have women and minorities in upper management positions than organisations that did not.

Question 12

In recent years female participation rates in the Australian workforce have increased.To what is this increase mainly attributed to?

A)The increased need for aged care and the female role in this job sector
B)Increases in the assignment of part-time work
C)Increased education and training for females in the workplace
D)All of the above

Question 13

A female manager noting a male manager frequently cut her off or not adequately address her comments is an example of intimidation.

Question 14

Demographics mostly reflect deep-level diversity.

Question 15

Discuss at least four forms of discrimination and give examples of each.

Question 16

The biographical characteristic that will grow in importance during the next decade is:

A)length of service
B)gender
C)marital status
D)age

Question 17

In Australia by 2006,18% of both men and women were employed in part-time work.

Question 18

The type of discrimination defined as "disrespectful treatment",including behaving in an aggressive manner,interrupting the person,or ignoring his or her opinions,is the discrimination known as:

A)incivility
B)exclusion
C)intimidation
D)mockery and insults

Question 19

In comparing men and women in the workplace,it was found that:

A)women are more productive
B)women have more absences
C)men are more productive
D)men are more prone to resign

Question 20

Any act of discriminating must always be considered a bad thing.

Question 21

Biographical data is easier to acquire than information on employee motivation levels.

Question 22

People who have been on a job longer are more productive than those with less seniority.

Question 23

According to your text,a likely explanation for the higher absentee rate for women is that:

A)women generally have jobs for which a temporary replacement can be hired so absences are more permissible
B)women tend to be less satisfied with their jobs than men and are consequently absent more often
C)women tend to have more illnesses that keep them from work than do men
D)traditionally,women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family

Question 24

Personal characteristics that are objective: and easily obtained from personnel records (such as age,sex,and race)are termed "biographical characteristics".

Question 25

Which of the following was NOT identified in research done on race?

A)In employment settings there is a tendency for individuals to favour colleagues of their own race in performance evaluations,promotion decisions and pay raises.
B)There are substantial racial differences in attitudes towards affirmative action,with minority races approving such programs to a greater degree than the majority group.
C)While race is a factor in pay and work discrimination,it is rarely considered in personnel selection decisions and performance evaluations.
D)Minority races generally fare worse than the majority in employment decisions.

Question 26

Which of the following statements concerning seniority is FALSE?

A)Seniority does not appear to be a good predictor of employee productivity.
B)Seniority is a potent variable in explaining turnover.
C)The most recent evidence demonstrates a positive relationship between seniority and job productivity.
D)Seniority and satisfaction are positively related.

Question 27

Seniority is negatively related to absenteeism.

Question 28

There are few,if any,significant differences as to job productivity between males and females.

Question 29

The relationship between age and job performance is likely to be an issue of increasing importance during the next decade.

Question 30

Age and job satisfaction are directly related for professional workers.

Question 31

Productivity declines with age.

Question 32

Seniority is negatively related to turnover and is a powerful predictor of turnover.

Question 33

Muslims vary hugely in terms of:

A)ethnicity
B)degree of religious observance
C)education
D)all of the above

Question 34

Younger workers have higher rates of unavoidable absences.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about disabilities is FALSE?

A)The conditions labelled as "disabilities" share many common features,so it is easy to generalise about how they relate to issues of employment.
B)The term "disability" is very broad.
C)Individuals with disabilities tend to encounter lower performance expectations and are less likely to be hired.
D)The increasing presence of computer technology and other adaptive devices is shattering many traditional barriers to employment for the disabled.

Question 36

Research by the Australian National University on name bias in job applications found which ethnic group to be the MOST discriminated against?

A)Anglo-Saxon
B)Indigenous
C)Chinese
D)Italian

Question 37

Studies indicate that employees with more seniority:

A)are generally absent less than newer employees
B)are generally less satisfied than newer employees
C)are generally absent more than newer employees
D)are generally less productive than newer employees

Question 38

Men have a higher rate of absenteeism than women.

Question 39

The older you get,the more likely you are to quit your job.

Question 40

Recent Australian government legislation makes it easier for a company to enforce mandatory retirement.

Question 41

Ability is the assessment of what one does.

Question 42

What is ability? What are the two sets of factors comprising ability and how are each defined?

Question 43

Seniority and satisfaction are negatively related.

Question 44

Religious discrimination claims have been a growing source of discrimination claims in Australia.

Question 45

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and the biological characteristics of age and seniority?

Question 46

In employment settings there is a tendency for individuals to favour colleagues of their own race in performance evaluations,promotion decisions and pay raises.

Question 47

"Static strength" is the term meaning the ability to make rapid,repeated flexing movements.

Question 48

Why is the relationship between age and job performance likely to be an issue of increasing importance during the next decade?

Question 49

Everyone has strengths and weaknesses in terms of ability that make them relatively superior or inferior to others in performing certain tasks or activities.

Question 50

Discuss any differences between men and women as it affects the workplace.

Question 51

An individual's overall abilities are essentially made up of two sets of factors: intellectual and physical abilities.

Question 52

As used in the text,the term "ability":

A)is a current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job
B)is made up of only intellectual skills
C)refers to an individual's willingness to perform the various tasks in a job
D)is not something that can be defined

Question 53

What is the relationship between age and productivity,turnover and satisfaction?

Question 54

The grouping of people recognised as unique on the basis of their speech,history,origins,culture or other unique characteristics is known as "ethnicity".

Question 55

The evidence shows that well-constructed tests are more predictive of educational,training,or occupational performance for members of the majority group than for members of minority groups.

Question 56

The task management must fulfil in managing diversity and abilities is to:

A)find where people lack in abilities and train them in these areas to increase performance
B)mix people into teams where abilities can complement one another
C)know how people differ and use that knowledge to employee performance
D)all of the above

Question 57

Women who succeed in traditionally male domains are perceived as less likable,more hostile and less desirable as supervisors.

Question 58

Discuss the research findings on race.

Question 59

The correlation between intelligence and job satisfaction is quite high.

Question 60

A review of the evidence suggests that workers with disabilities receive lower performance evaluations.

Question 61

Describe at least four of the nine basic physical abilities and how they may be important in a work setting.

Question 62

Individuals who have a high score on one dimension of physical ability will almost always score high on its other dimensions.

Question 63

Which of the following statements about attracting,selecting,developing and retaining diverse employees is TRUE?

A)The selection process is one of the most important places for diversity efforts.
B)Ensuring that hiring is bias-free does appear to work.
C)Where managers use a well-defined protocol for assessing applicant talent and the organisation clearly prioritises non-discrimination policies,qualifications are far more important in determining who gets hired than demographic characteristics.
D)All of the above.

Question 64

The Wonderlic Personnel Test measures both speed and accuracy.

Question 65

Which of the following is not a characteristic of physical ability?

A)appearance
B)strength
C)stamina
D)balance

Question 66

Research indicates that there are nine basic abilities involved in the performance of physical tests.Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the ability listed?

A)Stamina: the ability to continue maximum effort requiring prolonged effort over time.
B)Balance: the ability to maintain equilibrium despite forces pulling off balance.
C)Dynamic strength: the ability to exert muscular force repeatedly.
D)Dynamic flexibility: the ability to move the trunk and back muscles as far as possible.

Question 67

The Nine basic physical abilities comprise three sets of factors.These are: strength factors,flexibility factors,and other factors.

Question 68

Which of the following statements about diversity in groups is FALSE?

A)Whether diverse or homogeneous teams are more effective depends on the characteristic of interest.
B)Groups of individuals with different types of expertise and education are more effective than homogenous groups.
C)Groups of diverse individuals will be much more effective if leaders can show how members have a common interest in the group's success.
D)Transactional leaders have been found to be the most effective in managing diverse teams.

Question 69

Which of the following is not a dimension of intellectual ability as discussed in your text?

A)spatial visualisation
B)dynamic strength
C)number aptitude
D)perceptual speed

Question 70

You have just met Ted.Ted was a very successful fire investigator before returning to university.Ted probably has the strong intellectual ability that is termed:

A)inductive reasoning
B)number aptitude
C)perceptual speed
D)deductive reasoning

Question 71

Which of the seven dimensions of intellectual ability measures a person's ability to identify a logical sequence in a problem and then solve the problem?

A)Perceptual speed
B)Inductive reasoning
C)Deductive reasoning
D)Spatial visualisation

Question 72

________ intelligence is awareness of cross-cultural differences and the ability to successfully function in cross-cultural situations.

A)Cognitive
B)Cultural
C)Emotional
D)Social

Question 73

Which of the seven dimensions of intellectual ability measures a person's ability to use logic and assess the implications of an argument?

A)Perceptual speed
B)Inductive reasoning
C)Deductive reasoning
D)Spatial visualisation

Question 74

Which of the following is the definition for static strength?

A)Ability to exert force against external objects.
B)Ability to continue maximum effort requiring prolonged effort over time.
C)Ability to exert muscular strength using the trunk (particularly abdominal)muscles.
D)Ability to expend a maximum of energy in one or a series of explosive acts.

Question 75

Which of the following statements about cultural intelligence is FALSE?

A)Researchers have labelled cultural intelligence as an outsider's natural ability to correctly interpret an individual's unfamiliar gestures and behaviours.
B)Cultural intelligence is valuable when conducting business with people from different cultures.
C)Researchers have clearly differentiated cultural intelligence forms of intelligence,such as emotional intelligence.
D)Being able to recognise,adjust and correct your typical way of thinking and recognise alternative points of view is likely to affect cultural intelligence.

Question 76

Describe at least four dimensions of intellectual ability and give a job example for each.

Question 77

Stamina,dexterity,and strength are dimensions of intellectual ability.

Question 78

Which of the seven dimensions of intellectual ability measures a person's ability to identify visual similarities and differences quickly and accurately?

A)Perceptual speed
B)Inductive reasoning
C)Deductive reasoning
D)Spatial visualisation

Question 79

The Wonderlic Personnel Test provides valid information on personnel intelligence cheaply.

Question 80

The correlation between intelligence and job satisfaction is about:

A)0)8
B)0)5
C)0)2
D)zero