Deck 13: The Leadership Process

Question 1

Leadership refers to actions people take to bestow an identity of a leader or follower onto another person.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The norm of reciprocity says that when one party does something for another, that party is indebted to the other until the obligation is repaid.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Followership is a process through which individuals choose how they will engage with leaders to co-produce leadership and its outcomes.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Implicit leadership theories are our beliefs or understanding about the attributes associated with leaders and leadership.

Question 5

Granting refers to actions people take to bestow an identity of a leader or follower onto another person.

Question 6

Informal leadership is exerted by persons who become influential due to special skills or their ability to meet the needs of others.

Question 7

Implicit followership theories are preconceived notions about prototypical and antiprototypical followership behaviors and characteristics.

Question 8

Implicit leadership theories describe how relationships initiate and develop through processes of exchange and reciprocity.

Question 9

Follower role orientation refers to the tendency to attribute organizational outcomes both good and bad) to the acts and doings of leaders.

Question 10

Immediacy is whether the amount given back is roughly the same as what was received in reciprocity.

Question 11

Romance of leadership is defined as the beliefs followers hold about the way they should engage and interact with leaders to meet the needs of the work unit.

Question 12

Constructive follower orientation is the extent to which one accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally.

Question 13

Formal leadership is exerted by persons who become influential due to special skills or their ability to meet the needs of others.

Question 14

The Socially constructed leadership process involves individuals negotiating identities as leaders and followers.

Question 15

Motivation to lead is the extent to which individuals choose to assume leadership training, roles and responsibilities.

Question 16

Leadership identity construction means that leadership is constructed and produced in social and relational interactions among people acting in context.

Question 17

Power distance orientation reflects the belief that followers should act in ways that are helpful, useful, and productive to leadership outcomes.

Question 18

Upward leadership occurs when leaders within the organization influence those at higher levels in ways that create change.

Question 19

Claiming is an influence process generated in and from combined acts of leading and following as social agents work together to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it.

Question 20

Leader-member exchange LMX) is the study of manager-subordinate relationship quality.

Question 21

Managers only need to have either position or personal power, but not both.

Question 22

Shared leadership is a dynamic, interactive influence process among team members working to achieve goals.

Question 23

Interest in social exchange is based on the firm reliance in the intention and ability of the other to repay.

Question 24

Which type of leadership is exerted by persons who become influential due to special skills or their ability to meet the needs of others?

A) Equivalence leadership
B) Idiosyncrasy leadership
C) Informal leadership
D) Constructed leadership
E) Formal leadership

Question 25

Workers in low LMX relationships tend to be more productive and have more positive attitudes.

Question 26

Interest, in the norm of reciprocity, is the motive behind the exchange.

Question 27

Jason is appointed to position of formal authority in his organization. Of the following, which is expected to be exerted by Jason?

A) Informal leadership
B) Followership
C) Formal leadership
D) Equivalence
E) Romance of leadership

Question 28

When leadership is constructed and produced in social and relational interactions among people acting in context it is called:

A) leadership identity construction.
B) formal constructive leadership.
C) socially constructed leadership.
D) collective leadership.
E) co-leadership.

Question 29

The underlying premise of leader-member exchange LMX) theory is that leaders i.e., managers) have differentiated relationships with followers i.e., subordinates).

Question 30

Idiosyncrasy credits refer to our ability to violate norms with others based on whether we have enough "credits" to cover the violation.

Question 31

Equivalence, in the norm of reciprocity, refers to how quickly the repayment is made.

Question 32

Informal leaders are often called influential leaders, because they emerge as they gain influence and followers in a group or organization.

Question 33

Co-leadership represents views of leadership not as a property of individuals and their behaviors but as a social phenomenon constructed in interaction.

Question 34

Co-leadership sees leadership as a group phenomenon that is distributed among individuals.

Question 35

Among the strongest findings in leadership research are studies showing that the nature of leader-follower relationships matter.

Question 36

Which of the following is an influence process generated in and from combined acts of leading and following as individuals work together to attain mutual goals?

A) Interest
B) Leadership
C) Norm of reciprocity
D) Power distance orientation
E) Immediacy

Question 37

The leader-member exchange causes people to naturally classify other people as leaders or nonleaders.

Question 38

__________ leadership occurs when leaders at lower levels within the organization influence those at higher levels in ways that create change.

A) Upward
B) Downward
C) Interest
D) Influential
E) Distributed

Question 39

There is usually one right solution when it comes to leadership.

Question 40

Collective leadership occurs when leadership is divided so that no one person has unilateral power to lead.

Question 41

Which of the following refer to our ability to violate norms with others based on whether we have enough "credits" to cover the violation?

A) Idiosyncrasy credits
B) Social credits
C) Immediacy
D) Interest
E) Trust

Question 42

The capacity or willingness to follow a leader is called:

A) leadership.
B) followership.
C) co-leadership.
D) equivalence.
E) trust .

Question 43

Which theories are preconceived notions about prototypical and antiprototypical followership behaviors and characteristics?

A) Leader-member exchange theories
B) Implicit followership theories
C) Implicit leadership theories
D) Informal leadership theories
E) Social exchange theories

Question 44

The extent to which one accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally is known as:

A) follower role orientation.
B) leadership orientation.
C) power distance orientation.
D) constructive follower orientation.
E) social construction.

Question 45

Which theory describes how relationships initiate and develop through processes of exchange and reciprocity?

A) Norm of reciprocity
B) Social exchange theory
C) Implicit leadership theories
D) Implicit follower theories
E) Collective leadership theories

Question 46

Which of the following describes how quickly the repayment is made?

A) Interest
B) Trust
C) Immediacy
D) Equivalence
E) Granting

Question 47

Which of the following reflects the belief that followers should act in ways that are helpful, useful and productive to leadership outcomes?

A) Follower role orientation
B) Leadership orientation
C) Power distance orientation
D) Proactive follower orientation
E) Social construction

Question 48

Which of the following refers to actions people take to assert their identity as a leader or follower?

A) Granting
B) Claiming
C) Trusting
D) Following
E) Leading

Question 49

Which type of leadership represents views of leadership not as a property of individuals and their behaviors but as a social phenomenon constructed in interaction?

A) Social leadership
B) Co-leadership
C) Distributed leadership
D) Collective leadership
E) Shared leadership

Question 50

Which process involves individuals negotiating identities as leaders and followers?

A) Granting
B) Claiming
C) Implicit leadership theories
D) leadership identity construction
E) informal leadership

Question 51

Which of the following in social exchange is based on the belief in the intention and ability of the other to repay?

A) Interest
B) Trust
C) Immediacy
D) Equivalence
E) Idiosyncrasy

Question 52

____________ refers to actions people take to bestow an identity of a leader or follower onto another person.

A) Granting
B) Claiming
C) Trusting
D) Following
E) Leading

Question 53

The study of manager-subordinate relationship quality is known as:

A) leader-member exchange.
B) social constructive theory.
C) collective leadership.
D) follower role orientation.
E) motivation to lead.

Question 54

The beliefs followers hold about the way they should engage and interact with leaders to meet the needs of the work unit is/are called ____________ orientation.

A) follower role
B) power distance
C) trust
D) leadership
E) follower

Question 55

The extent to which individuals choose to assume leadership training, roles and responsibilities refers to:

A) leadership.
B) shared leadership .
C) upward leadership.
D) motivation to lead.
E) social exchange theory .

Question 56

Which of the following refers to the tendency to attribute organizational outcomes both good and bad) to the acts and doings of leaders?

A) Social construction theory
B) Implicit leadership theories
C) Followership
D) Romance of leadership
E) Idiosyncrasy credits

Question 57

Whether the amount given back is roughly the same as what was received, in the norm of reciprocity, is known as:

A) immediacy.
B) trust.
C) granting.
D) equivalence .
E) interest.

Question 58

When one party does something for another, that party is indebted to the other until the obligation is repaid it is known as

A) immediacy.
B) trust.
C) the norm of reciprocity.
D) granting.
E) claiming.

Question 59

The motive behind the exchange, in the norm of reciprocity, is:

A) interest.
B) trust.
C) immediacy.
D) equivalence.
E) granting.

Question 60

Our beliefs or understanding about the attributes associated with leaders and leadership is/are called

A) social exchange theories.
B) implicit leadership theories.
C) trusting.
D) Leadership contingencies.
E) followership.

Question 61

____________ refers to actions people take to bestow an identity of a leader or follower onto another person.

Question 62

___________ is the capacity or willingness to follow a leader.

Question 63

_________ is the extent to which individuals choose to assume leadership training, roles and responsibilities.

Question 64

Which of the following helps overcome problems related to the limitations of a single individual and of abuses of power and authority?

A) Directive leadership
B) Co-leadership
C) The leader-member exchange theory
D) Formal leadership
E) Shared leadership

Question 65

______________ occurs when leaders at lower levels within the organization influence those at higher levels in ways that create change.

Question 66

____________ is defined as the beliefs followers hold about the way they should engage and interact with leaders to meet the needs of the work unit.

Question 67

______________ is exerted by persons who become influential due to special skills or their ability to meet the needs of others.

Question 68

Which type of leadership occurs when leadership is divided so that no one person has unilateral power to lead?

A) Distributive leadership
B) Social leadership
C) Formal leadership
D) Informal leadership
E) Co-leadership

Question 69

All of the following are implicit leadership theory prototypes EXCEPT:

A) Sensitivity
B) Intelligence
C) Tyranny
D) Attractiveness
E) Gender

Question 70

_________________ means that leadership is constructed and produced in social and relational interactions among people acting in context.

Question 71

Followers contribute to the leadership process by 1) granting claims to leaders and 2)

A) acting on a leader's instructions.
B) claiming their own roles as followers.
C) granting leaders permission to lead.
D) getting to know their leaders.
E) motivating their leaders.

Question 72

A dynamic, interactive influence process among team members working to achieve goals is called:

A) Shared leadership
B) Distributive leadership
C) Informal leadership
D) Co-leadership
E) Implicit leadership

Question 73

The ______________ process involves individuals negotiating identities as leaders and followers.

Question 74

____________ is exerted by persons appointed or elected to positions of formal authority in organizations.

Question 75

______________ are our beliefs or understanding about the attributes associated with leaders and leadership

Question 76

___________ refers to actions people take to assert their identity as a leader or follower.

Question 77

Of the following, which category is not considered and implicit followership prototype of antiprototype?

A) Industry
B) Enthusiasm
C) Incompetence
D) Insubordination
E) Intelligence

Question 78

___________ is an influence process generated in and from combined acts of leading e.g., influencing) and following e.g., deferring) as individuals work together to attain mutual goals.

Question 79

____________ refers to the tendency to attribute organizational outcomes both good and bad) to the acts and doings of leaders.

Question 80

The type of leadership that sees leadership as a group phenomenon that is distributed among individuals is known as ___________ leadership.

A) collective
B) shared
C) distributed
D) social
E) informal