Deck 19: Geographic Information About Soils

Question 1

To constitute a soil association,a group of soils must all _____.

A)be classed in the same soil order
B)have the same soil series name
C)be found together in the landscape
D)have the same surface horizon texture and be in the same slope class
E)all of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following scale ratios represents the largest scale map?

A)1:500,000
B)1:100,000
C)1:20,000
D)1:10,000

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which satellite image would be said to have the highest resolution?

A)A 50 x 50 m object is just barely discernible.
B)A 100 x 100 m object is just barely discernible.
C)A 30 x 30 m object is just barely discernible.
D)A 10 x 10 m object is just barely discernible.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following could likely be a "layer" of information in a GIS?

A)data on rainfall changes over time
B)soil drainage classes
C)land capability classes
D)B and C
E)all of the above

Question 5

Most United States county soil surveys are carried out at a ???___ order level of detail.

A)first
B)second
C)third
D)fourth

Question 6

A 20 km long road would be a line __ cm long on a 1:200,000 scale map.

A)2
B)10
C)20
D)40
E)100

Question 7

A lithosequence is _______.

A)a group of soils found together in a landscape that differ principally because of differences in the geologic material in which they formed
B)a sequence of steps required to make a lithographic map using information from field observations and air photos
C)a set of soils ranging from well drained to poorly drained
D)the proper order of sampling in a transect for determining soil boundaries in the field

Question 8

In which of the following systems are space satellites used to collect geographic information about soils?

A)geo-positioning
B)laser mapping
C)multi-spectral imagery
D)profile description
E)both A and C

Question 9

If properly interpreted,the soil association map (generally a colored-keyed map)in a soil survey report is a good source of information for _____.

A)locating a home site
B)planning areas of future urban expansion in a county
C)locating a site where a mineral mine could best be established
D)mapping present land use in a county
E)planning a 5-year crop rotation for a farm

Question 10

Geographic information about soils addresses primarily changes in field soil properties in the vertical direction.

Question 11

In making a second-order (detailed)soils map,soil scientists typically obtain most of the necessary soil profile information by using _____.

A)soil pits
B)ground penetrating radar
C)satellites
D)soil augers
E)electro-magnetic induction

Question 12

Precision fertilizer applications systems take into consideration the different fertility levels within an agricultural field and integrate the use of soil testing with _______.

A)geo-positioning systems
B)computer controlled variable rate spreaders
C)intensive soil sampling
D)computer mapping
E)all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following soil map units consists of the most nearly level land?

A)BeC2
B)CgE2
C)BeC3
D)CgE
E)BeB2

Question 14

In the United States,the government lead agency for most soil survey work is the _____.

A)National Bureau of Soil Survey
B)Department of Land Reclamation
C)Agency for Soil Resource Inventory
D)Department of the Interior
E)Natural Resources Conservation Service

Question 15

A group of soils generally found together in a landscape uniform in parent material but differing in topography and drainage is called a ______.

A)soil association
B)soil complex
C)catena
D)GIS
E)geo positioning system

Question 16

In which type of mapping unit are the various constituent parts most closely similar to each other?

A)consociation
B)soil association
C)soil complex
D)undifferentiated group

Question 17

The information in a modern county soil survey report is generally used to _____ when designing a construction project.

A)locate favorable sites
B)replace laborious on-site soil investigation
C)indicate areas that require more intense on-site investigation than others
D)draw up the design plans for building foundations
E)both A and C are correct

Question 18

A stereo pair of air photos is particularly useful in studying _______ landscape features.

A)plant stress induced
B)salt-affected
C)human-made
D)parent material
E)topographic

Question 19

Highly trained soil scientists generally map a soil landscape by sampling the soil in ______.

A)pre-determined a grid-like geometric pattern of evenly spaced points
B)a computer-calculated pattern of random points
C)series of transects with sampling points concentrated near expected soil boundaries
D)four soil pits,one dug in each corner of the area to be mapped
E)A and D
True or False Questions
(Write T or F after each question. )

Question 20

Which of the following soil map units consists of the most severely eroded soils?

A)BeC2
B)CgE2
C)BeC3
D)CgE
E)BeB2

Question 21

A soil surveyor with knowledge of landscape/soil relationships can map the soils in a 100 ha watershed making far fewer auger holes than would be need for the same task by another soil surveyor who is not familiar with these relationships.

Question 22

In evaluating a site for a septic drainfield,an "undifferentiated group" mapping unit would be more helpful than a "soil complex" mapping unit.

Question 23

The mapping unit code,CeB3 indicates the soil in this unit consists of Land Capability Class III.

Question 24

Soil mappers use a transect to find the boundaries between adjacent soils in a landscape.

Question 25

The map unit "152C2" indicates that the soils in this complex have two types of C horizons.

Question 26

Soil profile descriptions as found in soil survey reports normally contain information about the color and texture of each horizon in the profile.

Question 27

If a 20 ha field is mapped as being within a single soil consociation,a composite single soil sample can be expected to represent the correct level of available (soil test)phosphorus for at 85% of the field.

Question 28

To be effective a geo positioning system receiver must be in contact with at least two different satellites at the same time.

Question 29

If a developing country signed a two-year contract with a private soil science firm to make a soil survey of the entire country (about 1 million square kilometers),the survey stipulated would likely be a first or second order survey.

Question 30

A soil profile description gives the value for soil properties such as color and texture averaged over the entire profile.

Question 31

Soil Associations are usually used for large scale soils maps.

Question 32

A soil association is a group of soils found together in a landscape that may differ in minor ways,but must all belong to the same soil order.

Question 33

Compared to a 50 x 100 cm county soils map,a 20 x 28 cm map of the United States would be considered to be a larger scale map.

Question 34

In a profile description,soil horizons are normally labeled as #1,#2,#3,starting at the bottom of the profile.

Question 35

For most planning projects using a geographic information system,getting the needed data into the system is the easy part,but developing the computer Tables and maps is extremely time-consuming and difficult.

Question 36

As one walks down a drainage catena augering holes in the soils,one expects to find gray colors and mottles nearer to the soil surface.

Question 37

Remote sensing uses reflected radiation and therefore can directly sense differences in organic matter content of bare surface soils,but not differences in properties such as water content or iron oxide content.

Question 38

The various soils in a catena of soils differ from one another primarily as a result of their geologic parent material.

Question 39

Web Soil Survey provides information on the suitability of soils for construction of such projects as sewage lagoons,roads and streets,and septic tank drainage fields.