Deck 13: Endocrine System

Question 1

What is a condition of premature old age occurring in children called?

A)virilism
B)progesterone
C)progeria
D)vasopressin

Answer 1

progeria

Question 2

Which substance is essential for maintenance of a normal level of blood sugar?

A)cortisol
B)insulin
C)parathyroid hormone
D)serotonin

Answer 2

insulin

Question 3

Hypersecretion of cortisol may result in:

A)Cushing's disease.
B)Addison's disease.
C)diabetes mellitus.
D)Graves' disease.

Answer 3

Cushing's disease.

Question 4

The ________ gland plays a vital role in metabolism and regulates the body's metabolic processes.

A)thyroid
B)parathyroid
C)pineal
D)pituitary

Question 5

Which is an abnormal condition of excessive hair growth,especially in women?

A)myxedema
B)thymitis
C)hirsutism
D)hypergonadism

Question 6

The ________ is the primary link between the endocrine and nervous systems.

A)pineal gland.
B)hypothalamus.
C)hypophysis.
D)pituitary gland.

Question 7

A congenital deficiency in secretion of the thyroid hormone is called:

A)diabetes.
B)hirsutism.
C)gigantism.
D)cretinism.

Question 8

The principal mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex is:

A)aldosterone.
B)androgen.
C)oxytocin.
D)dopamine.

Question 9

In the term epinephrine,the prefix epi- means :

A)around.
B)beside.
C)upon.
D)before.

Question 10

Prolactin is secreted by the:

A)posterior lobe of the pituitary.
B)pineal gland.
C)ovaries.
D)anterior lobe of the pituitary.

Question 11

In the term hypergonadism,the root gonad means :

A)stone.
B)seed.
C)large.
D)gland.

Question 12

In the term hyperkalemia,the root kal means :

A)calcium.
B)iron.
C)potassium.
D)sodium.

Question 13

The medical term for pertaining to drowsiness or sluggishness is:

A)pallor.
B)myxedema.
C)ascites.
D)lethargic.

Question 14

All are true statements concerning epinephrine except:

A)it elevates the systolic blood pressure.
B)it decreases the heart rate and cardiac output.
C)it dilates the bronchial tubes.
D)it dilates the pupils.

Question 15

The term ________ refers to a substance that promotes the development of male characteristics.

A)steroid
B)thyroid
C)androgen
D)dopamine

Question 16

The surgical excision of the thyroid gland is called:

A)thyrotoxicosis.
B)thyroxine.
C)thyroiditis.
D)thyroidectomy.

Question 17

The ovaries produce all of the following except:

A)androgen.
B)estrogen.
C)progesterone.
D)estrone.

Question 18

The pituitary gland is also known as the:

A)pineal.
B)hypophysis.
C)parathyroid.
D)pituitarism.

Question 19

A chronic disease characterized by enlargement of the bones of the face,jaw,and extremities is called:

A)cretinism.
B)dwarfism.
C)acromegaly.
D)gigantism.

Question 20

Which substance produces an anti-inflammatory effect?

A)aldosterone
B)cortisol
C)dopamine
D)somatotropin

Question 21

A test performed on urine to determine the amount of epinephrine and norepinephrine present is:

A)catecholamines.
B)corticotropin.
C)protein-bound iodine.
D)total calcium.

Question 22

Excessive secretion of milk after cessation of nursing is:

A)galactorrhea.
B)mammorrhea.
C)glandular.
D)galactin.

Question 23

A test used in the diagnosing of adrenal tumors is called:

A)17-HCS.
B)17-OHCS.
C)17-KS.
D)17-HDL.

Question 24

________ is the main cause of type 2 diabetes in both adults and children.

A)Heredity
B)Environment
C)Obesity
D)Malnutrition

Question 25

A hormone made by the thyroid gland:

A)influences adrenocortical function.
B)controls body pigmentation.
C)stimulates release of milk.
D)influences bone and calcium metabolism.

Question 26

Increased levels of which of the following may indicate diabetes mellitus?

A)thyroid scan
B)total calcium
C)fasting blood sugar
D)protein-bound iodine

Question 27

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes:

A)luteinizing hormone.
B)growth hormone.
C)prolactin hormone.
D)all of the above.

Question 28

Melatonin is secreted by the:

A)thyroid gland.
B)parathyroid gland.
C)pancreas.
D)pineal gland.

Question 29

A mineral that aids in the development and functioning of the thyroid gland is:

A)calcium.
B)sodium.
C)iodine.
D)chlorine.

Question 30

A test used to detect tumors of the thyroid gland is:

A)thyroxine.
B)total calcium.
C)thyroid scan.
D)protein-bound iodine.

Question 31

A substance used in the treatment of shock to elevate the blood pressure is:

A)insulin.
B)iodine.
C)dopamine.
D)cortisone.

Question 32

The posterior portion of the pituitary gland secretes a hormone that:

A)influences growth.
B)regulates release of melatonin.
C)stimulates reabsorption of water.
D)plays a vital role in metabolism.

Question 33

In the term estrogen,the combining form estr/o means :

A)female.
B)sexual desire.
C)estrogen.
D)mad desire.

Question 34

The endocrine gland that plays a vital role in carbohydrate metabolism is:

A)thyroid.
B)thymus.
C)pancreas.
D)testes.

Question 35

A hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas is called:

A)glucagon.
B)insulin.
C)melatonin.
D)calcitonin.

Question 36

The parathyroid gland:

A)influences the body's internal clock.
B)acts on the mammary glands.
C)helps maintain normal serum calcium levels.
D)aids in the breakdown of glycogen.

Question 37

The suffix that means hormone is:

A)-ine.
B)-one.
C)-ism.
D)-gen.

Question 38

The endocrine system works closely with what other system to help maintain homeostasis?

A)muscular
B)integumentary
C)skeletal
D)nervous

Question 39

A blood sugar test that is performed at specified intervals after the patient has taken glucose is:

A)fasting blood sugar.
B)glucose tolerance test.
C)protein-bound iodine.
D)corticotropin.

Question 40

A deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones may result in:

A)Cushing's disease.
B)Graves' disease.
C)diabetes mellitus.
D)Addison's disease.

Question 41

Any disease condition of a gland is termed:

A)adenitis.
B)adenosis.
C)adenotomy.
D)adenectomy.

Question 42

Write the correct abbreviation for basal metabolic rate:

Question 43

A condition of excessive secretion of the sex glands is:

A)hypertrophy.
B)testitis.
C)hypogonadism.
D)hypergonadism.

Question 44

The adenohypophysis is also known as the:

A)posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
B)anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
C)parathyroid gland.
D)pineal gland.

Question 45

Antidiuretic hormone is also known as:

A)vasopressin.
B)vasodilator.
C)bronchodilator.
D)urine stimulant.

Question 46

Complications of hypothyroidism can include:

A)heart disease.
B)depression.
C)slowed mental functioning.
D)all of the above.

Question 47

A condition of excessive amounts of potassium in the blood is termed:

A)hypercalcemia.
B)hypercapnia.
C)hyperkalemia.
D)none of the above.

Question 48

The combining form in somatotropin means :

A)turn.
B)chemical.
C)body.
D)solid.

Question 49

The suffix in acromegaly means :

A)pertaining to.
B)enlargement.
C)gland.
D)extremity.

Question 50

The most severe form of hypothyroidism is:

A)Cushing's disease.
B)Addison's disease.
C)myxedema.
D)Graves' disease.

Question 51

Write the correct abbreviation for adrenocorticotropic hormone:

Question 52

The master gland of the body is the:

A)pineal gland.
B)pituitary gland.
C)hypothalamus.
D)gonads.

Question 53

The root in adenoma means :

A)pertaining to.
B)gland.
C)pine cone.
D)giant.

Question 54

The adrenal cortex secretes:

A)aldosterone.
B)cortisol.
C)corticosterone.
D)all of the above.

Question 55

The surgical excision of the adrenal gland is termed:

A)adenectomy.
B)adrenalectomy.
C)adenotomy.
D)adrenopathy.

Question 56

The pituitary gland is located:

A)in the center of the brain.
B)away from the hypothalamus.
C)at the base of the brain.
D)in the temporal lobe.

Question 57

________ is a condition in which the fasting blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

A)Prediabetes
B)Diabetes insipidus
C)Hypoglycemia
D)Hyperglycemia

Question 58

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults may result in:

A)acromegaly.
B)gigantism.
C)dwarfism.
D)congenital defects.

Question 59

The pineal gland secretes:

A)melatonin and serotonin.
B)serotonin and cortisol.
C)oxytocin and melatonin.
D)epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 60

The function of oxytocin is:

A)release of breast milk.
B)stimulation of uterine contractions.
C)prevent dehydration.
D)release an egg from the ovary.

Question 61

Write the correct abbreviation for triiodothyronine:

Question 62

A ________ is a chemical transmitter that is released in small amounts and transported via the bloodstream to a target organ or other cells.

Question 63

Write the correct meaning for T₃:

Question 64

Write the correct meaning for DM:

Question 65

Write the correct meaning for T₄:

Question 66

Write the correct abbreviation for protein-bound iodine:

Question 67

Write the correct abbreviation for vasopressin:

Question 68

Write the correct meaning for RIA:

Question 69

Write the correct abbreviation for thyroxine:

Question 70

The endocrine system and the ________ work closely together to help maintain homeostasis.

Question 71

Write the correct abbreviation for thyroid function studies:

Question 72

Write the correct abbreviation for fasting blood sugar:

Question 73

Nerve cells in the ________ control the pituitary gland by producing chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions from the pituitary.

Question 74

Write the correct abbreviation for diabetes mellitus:

Question 75

Write the correct meaning for ADH:

Question 76

Write the correct meaning for GTT:

Question 77

Write the correct meaning for BG:

Question 78

Write the correct abbreviation for somatotropin hormone:

Question 79

Write the correct abbreviation for thyroid-stimulating hormone:

Question 80

Write the correct abbreviation for growth hormone: