Deck 11: Work and Home

Question 1

The text cites a poll wherein it was discovered that even if women felt they had enough money to live comfortably without working:

A)15 percent would continue working full time.
B)33 percent would work part time.
C)20 percent would do volunteer work.
D)all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The text points out that the role of "housewife" or "homemaker" can be described in terms of four characteristics.Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A)The role is allocated almost exclusively to women.
B)The role is assigned very low priority by women in comparison to other roles.
C)The role is defined generally as nonwork.
D)The role is associated with economic dependence.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The proportion of men in the labor force has been:

A)steadily decreasing.
B)remaining constant.
C)increasing.
D)declining precipitously.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Mike and Sheila are married.He works as an engineer and she as an accountant.They are best described as __________ family.

A)a dual-career
B)a dual-income
C)a dysfunctional
D)atypical as a two-income

Question 5

The average working man has __________ leisure time each day in comparison with the average working woman.

A)an average of 36 minutes more
B)nearly 36 minutes less
C)about the same amount of
D)none of the above; there are no reliable data available.

Question 6

The __________ marriage is a dual-career marriage in which the spouses live in different locations and still maintain their dual commitment to work and to family.

A)egalitarian
B)no-compromise
C)urban
D)commuter

Question 7

Jack and his wife,Marion,are both employed full time.It is very likely that:

A)Marion spends twice as much time doing food prep and cleanup as Jack.
B)Jack spends three hours doing housework for every hour Marion spends.
C)Marion and Jack spend equal amounts of time at housework.
D)Most of the housework is done by a hired worker.

Question 8

__________ of all married people who have paid work outside of the home live in a dual-income family.

A)One-fourth
B)One-half
C)Two-thirds
D)Three-fourths

Question 9

With the rise of industrialization and in the emerging industrial economy:

A)what women did in the home was increasingly defined as "work."
B)paid labor became a secondary source of income.
C)paid labor became the essence of the meaning of work.
D)the role of "housewife" or "homemaker" essentially disappeared.

Question 10

Gene and Betty are married.Gene is an attorney and Betty is a secretary.They are __________ family.

A)a dual-career
B)a dual-earner
C)a dysfunctional
D)unusual as a two-income

Question 11

Leroy and Samantha are a married,dual-career couple.When Leroy comes home from work,he participates fully in both child care and household tasks.They are a/an __________ dual-career family.

A)traditional
B)participant
C)role-sharing
D)postindustrial,androgynous

Question 12

By 2001,only __________ percent of husbands were the sole provider in a marriage.

A)25
B)35
C)55
D)65

Question 13

In her study of dual-career families,Gilbert identified three different arrangements.Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A)traditional
B)participant
C)role-sharing
D)egalitarian

Question 14

Which of the following is an accurate statement about women in the labor force?

A)Their numbers have been decreasing steadily since World War II.
B)A very small proportion of women with infant children are in the labor force.
C)The fastest growing group of female workers is married mothers with children under 6 years of age.
D)They have been entering primarily management and professional fields.

Question 15

In __________ spillover,work demands or problems negatively affect family life.

A)family-to-work
B)work-to-family
C)dual-income
D)dual-career

Question 16

Bob and Alice are a married,dual-career couple.Bob and Alice share parenting responsibilities for their two children.Alice is responsible for all of the housework.They are a/an __________ dual-career family.

A)traditional
B)participant
C)role-sharing
D)nurturing,in egalitarian

Question 17

Jobs and careers differ in that:

A)jobs require more extensive training.
B)jobs have a "promotion ladder" for people to climb.
C)careers involve long-term commitment.
D)careers often are paid in wages rather than salaries.

Question 18

Research has determined that whatever their working status outside the home,women want __________ in the marital and family arrangements.

A)power
B)autonomy
C)equity
D)dominance

Question 19

The text observes that equity is a crucial part of a satisfying,intimate relationship.This observation is a reflection of which theoretical approach?

A)exchange theory
B)systems theory
C)symbolic interactionism
D)conflict theory

Question 20

Mike and Jean are a married,dual-career couple.When Jean comes home from her job,she is responsible for all of the housework and child care.This arrangement is referred to as a/an __________ dual-career family.

A)traditional
B)participant
C)role-sharing
D)egalitarian

Question 21

In an investigation of 253 mothers between the ages of 25 and 45,Sugar determined that those women whose own mothers had worked:

A)were more likely to struggle with depression.
B)felt more effective as parents.
C)indicated more satisfaction with their work and with life in general.
D)felt no differently than women whose own mothers had not worked.

Question 22

According to Zuo and Bian's research concerning household tasks and equity in China:

A)most of the wives in their investigation did not work outside the home.
B)most of the couples agreed that the husband did more of the nonroutine work.
C)the men and women disagreed about the appropriateness of each partner contributing to the family income.
D)the wives perceived themselves as being treated unfairly.

Question 23

A study of Lebanese couples found that husbands who were minimally involved with housework had what effect on their wives?

A)wives were more likely to be distressed
B)wives were more likely to be unhappy
C)wives were more likely to be uncomfortable with their husbands
D)all of these

Question 24

According to the text's discussion of the costs of both parents working:

A)many people believe that a woman who works outside the home cannot care for her children as well as the woman who is a homemaker.
B)a substantial number of both men and women believe that either the children or the marriage get slighted if the woman is employed.
C)the belief that children suffer may be greater when there are sons rather than daughters involved.
D)all of the above

Question 25

Women are likely to do the bulk of the housework.After the birth of a child,the woman's workload

A)tends to be shared more equally by her husband.
B)decreases dramatically.
C)tends to increase.
D)tends to remain at the pre-child level.

Question 26

In terms of overall life satisfaction,the text concludes that:

A)on the whole,men and women in dual-earner families differ significantly from those in single-earner families.
B)women with a sense of their own identity and feelings of independence will be healthier
C)men in dual-earner families will always have lower satisfaction in comparison with men in single-earner situations.
D)men in dual-earner families who feel that they are deprived or whose self-esteem is threatened by not being the good provider will have lower satisfaction.

Question 27

The text concludes that inequity in household tasks among dual-earner and dual-career couples is explained by which of the following?

A)differences in income
B)the persistence of traditional role expectations
C)wives not defining their unequal share of household tasks as unfair.
D)all of the above

Question 28

__________ is the process of working out the nature of particular roles in the course of interaction.

A)Role-taking
B)Role-making
C)Role-reversal
D)Role-transition

Question 29

Jack complains that his wife is not sufficiently supportive,which causes him to do poorly at his job.Jack's wife responds that his job performance,which results in a lower paycheck,forces her to work more hours in her part-time job.Systems theorists point out that the real problem in this example is:

A)dysfunctionality.
B)circularity.
C)one of poor maintenance.
D)dysequilibrium.

Question 30

Which of the following groups has the best physical and mental health?

A)employed,married women
B)employed,single women
C)unemployed,married women
D)unemployed,single women

Question 31

The text cites an investigation of 83 dual-income couples who had at least one preschool child.This research revealed that:

A)general agreement on wife and parental roles.
B)couples saw little overlap between the wife and mother roles.
C)women perceived the wife's role as less satisfying than did the men.
D)all of the above

Question 32

__________ theorists talk about "role-making," the process of working out the nature of particular roles in the course of relationships with others.

A)Systems
B)Exchange
C)Conflict
D)Symbolic interactionist

Question 33

According to the text's discussion of employment and marital satisfaction:

A)dual-earner families have the lowest risk of separation and divorce.
B)women who are highly committed to a career have higher marital adjustment and satisfaction.
C)dual-career families have the lowest risk of separation and divorce.
D)if family roles are negotiated and an equitable division of labor is established in the home,some of the major problems of the dual-earner family have been resolved.

Question 34

The text cites a study of eighth-graders which found that those youngsters who had to care for themselves for 11 hours per week or more because of parental work reported __________ in comparison with others.

A)less anger
B)less stress
C)more family conflict
D)all of the above

Question 35

Roughly __________ percent of pre-kindergarten children receive some kind of nonparental child care on a regular basis.

A)11
B)31
C)61
D)91

Question 36

Orbuch and Custer reported that when women defined their work as one of the most important aspects of their lives,their husbands:

A)reacted negatively.
B)reacted positively.
C)had no reaction one way or the other.
D)divorce them.

Question 37

A study of 115 dual-income Canadian couples reported that the mothers in the labor force did __________ as many family chores as did their husbands.

A)twice
B)three times
C)four times
D)five times

Question 38

The text observes that some dual-career women may try to become the "__________"--the perfect mother,the best homemaker,the ideal wife,and the high-achieving career woman.

A)penultimate provider
B)career wife
C)top-flight spouse
D)superwoman

Question 39

Among the women in dual-earner families with children studied by McLaughlin,Cormier,and Cormier,which of the following is NOT one of the time-management coping strategies cited?

A)do more than one task at a time
B)have contingency plans
C)avoid asking other family members for help
D)breaking large jobs down into smaller subtasks

Question 40

An important family-friendly social policy is:

A)providing overtime for higher take-home pay.
B)encouraging workers to get additional education so they can advance.
C)offer workers flexible working hours.
D)all of the above.