Question 1

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse has been admitted for severe weakness and malnutrition.The nurse will prepare to administer which vitamin preparation to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy? A) Vitamin B₃ (niacin) B) Vitamin B₁ (thiamine) C) Vitamin B₆ (pyridoxine) D) Folic acid

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological disorder that can result from alcohol abuse and is caused by thiamine deficiency. Treatment for Wernicke's encephalopathy includes administering thiamine to prevent further damage to the brain. Therefore, the nurse should prepare to administer vitamin B1 (thiamine) to this patient.

Question 2

A patient will be receiving monthly injections of cyanocobalamin (Nascobal).The dose is 100 mcg/month IM.The medication is available in a strength of 1000 mcg/mL.Identify how many milliliters will the nurse draw up into the syringe.(record answer using one decimal place)_______

0.1 mL
1000 mcg:1mL:100 mcg × mL
(1000 × x)= (1 × 100); 1000 x=100 x=0.1 mL

Accepted Answer

0.1 mL&#10;1000 mcg:1mL:100 mcg &#215; mL&#10;(1000 &#215; x)= (1 &#215; 100); 1000 x=100 x=0.1  mL

Question 3

The nurse is counseling a patient about calcium supplements.Which dietary information is appropriate during this teaching session?&#10;A) &#34;Take oral calcium supplements with meals.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;There are no drug interactions with calcium products.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Avoid foods that are high in calcium,such as beef,egg yolks,and liver.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Be sure to eat foods high in calcium,such as dairy products and salmon.&#34;

Accepted Answer

It is important for the patient to consume foods that are high in calcium along with taking calcium supplements in order to meet their recommended daily intake. Dairy products and salmon are excellent sources of calcium. Option A is also correct, as taking the supplements with meals can increase absorption. Option B is incorrect, as there are known drug interactions with calcium products. Option C is also incorrect, as the patient should actually be encouraged to consume foods high in calcium.

Question 4

The nurse is reviewing conditions caused by nutrient deficiencies.Conditions such as infantile rickets,tetany,and osteomalacia are caused by a deficiency in which vitamin or mineral? A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin C C) Zinc D) Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂)

Accepted Answer

Infantile rickets, tetany, and osteomalacia are all caused by a deficiency in vitamin D. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to scurvy, zinc deficiency can lead to growth retardation and skin disorders, and vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to pernicious anemia and neurological problems.

Question 5

A patient is on vitamin D supplemental therapy.The nurse will monitor for which signs of toxicity during this therapy?&#10;A) Tinnitus&#10;B) Anorexia&#10;C) Diarrhea&#10;D) Hypotension

Accepted Answer

Anorexia is a sign of vitamin D toxicity, as excessive intake of vitamin D can lead to increased calcium levels in the blood, which can suppress appetite. Tinnitus, diarrhea, and hypotension are not generally associated with vitamin D toxicity.

Question 6

The nurse will prepare to give which preparation to a newborn upon arrival in the nursery after delivery? A) Vitamin B₁ (thiamine) B) Vitamin D (calciferol) C) Folic acid D) Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON) is typically given to newborns shortly after birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Newborns are typically deficient in vitamin K because they have not yet developed the intestinal bacteria needed to produce it. Vitamin B₁ (thiamine) is not typically given to newborns. Vitamin D (calciferol) and folic acid may be given to newborns as needed, but they are not routinely given upon arrival in the nursery.

Question 7

Niacin is prescribed for a patient who has hyperlipidemia.The nurse checks the patient's medical history,knowing that this medication is contraindicated in which disorder?&#10;A) Renal disease&#10;B) Cardiac disease&#10;C) Liver disease&#10;D) Diabetes mellitus

Accepted Answer

Niacin is contraindicated in patients with liver disease because high doses of niacin can cause hepatotoxicity.

Question 8

A newly admitted patient has orders for a zinc supplement.The nurse reviews the patient's medical history and concludes that the zinc is ordered for which reason?&#10;A) To treat pellagra&#10;B) To aid in wound healing&#10;C) To treat osteomalacia&#10;D) As an antidote for anticoagulant overdose

Accepted Answer

Zinc is known to play a role in Wound healing, so the zinc supplement is likely ordered to aid in wound healing. Zinc is not used to treat pellagra, osteomalacia, or as an antidote for anticoagulant overdose.

Question 9

A patient will be starting vitamin D supplements.The nurse reviews his medical record for contraindications,including which condition?&#10;A) Renal disease&#10;B) Cardiac disease&#10;C) Hypophosphatemia&#10;D) There are no contraindications to vitamin D supplements.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D supplements may increase serum calcium levels, which can further damage the kidneys in individuals with renal disease. Therefore, the nurse should review the patient's medical record for contraindications such as renal disease before starting vitamin D supplements.

Question 10

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a patient undergoing therapy with vitamin A.Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this patient?&#10;A) Impaired tissue integrity related to vitamin deficiency&#10;B) Risk for injury related to night blindness caused by vitamin deficiency&#10;C) Impaired physical mobility (muscle weakness)related to vitamin deficiency&#10;D) Acute confusion related to vitamin deficiency

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is necessary for maintaining good vision, and a deficiency in this nutrient can lead to night blindness, which puts the patient at risk for injury. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient undergoing therapy with vitamin A is Risk for injury related to night blindness caused by vitamin deficiency.

Question 11

A patient accidentally took an overdose of the anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin),and the nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K as an antidote.Which statement about vitamin K is accurate?&#10;A) The vitamin K dose will be given intramuscularly.&#10;B) The patient will take oral doses of vitamin K after the initial injection.&#10;C) The vitamin K cannot be given if the patient has renal disease.&#10;D) The patient will be unresponsive to warfarin therapy for 1 week after the vitamin K is given.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient accidentally took an overdose of...

Deck 53: Vitamins and Minerals