Question 1

A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms.The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?&#10;A) Diazepam (Valium)&#10;B) Methadone&#10;C) Disulfiram (Antabuse)&#10;D) Bupropion (Zyban)

Accepted Answer

Methadone is a commonly used medication for managing opioid withdrawal symptoms as it helps to reduce cravings and prevent relapse. Diazepam can be used for managing anxiety symptoms, but it does not directly address the opioid withdrawal symptoms. Disulfiram is used for treating alcohol dependence, and bupropion is used for smoking cessation.

Question 2

When admitting a patient with a suspected diagnosis of chronic alcohol use,the nurse will keep in mind that chronic use of alcohol might result in which condition?&#10;A) Renal failure&#10;B) Cerebrovascular accident&#10;C) Korsakoff's psychosis&#10;D) Alzheimer's disease

Accepted Answer

Chronic alcohol use can lead to a cognitive disorder known as Korsakoff's psychosis, which is characterized by memory loss, confusion, and difficulty with coordination. Renal failure is not typically associated with chronic alcohol use. While alcohol abuse can increase the risk of stroke, it is not directly linked to a cerebrovascular accident. Chronic alcohol use can also increase the risk of dementia, but specifically Alzheimer's disease is not directly caused by alcohol use.

Question 3

The nurse is presenting a substance-abuse lecture for teenage girls and is asked about &#34;roofies.&#34; The nurse recognizes that this is the slang term for which substance?&#10;A) Cocaine&#10;B) Flunitrazepam&#10;C) Secobarbital&#10;D) Methamphetamine

Accepted Answer

"Roofies" is a slang term for flunitrazepam, which is a type of benzodiazepine that is sometimes used as a date rape drug. It can cause drowsiness, confusion, and amnesia, making it easier for someone to take advantage of the person who has been drugged.

Question 4

A 29-year-old male patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness,hyperactive reflexes,talkativeness,confusion and periods of panic and euphoria,tachycardia,and fever.The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

A) Opioids
B) Alcohol
C) Stimulants
D) Depressants

Accepted Answer

The symptoms listed are consistent with the effects of stimulants, such as cocaine or amphetamines. Opioids would cause drowsiness and respiratory depression, while alcohol and depressants would cause sedation and decreased reflexes.

Question 5

The nurse is conducting a smoking-cessation program.Which statement regarding drugs used in cigarette-smoking-cessation programs is true?&#10;A) Rapid chewing of the nicotine gum releases an immediate dose of nicotine.&#10;B) Quick relief from withdrawal symptoms is most easily achieved by using a transdermal patch.&#10;C) Compliance with treatment is higher with use of the gum rather than the transdermal patch.&#10;D) The nicotine gum can be used only up to six times per day.

Accepted Answer

Rapid chewing of the nicotine gum releases an immediate dose of nicotine, which can help reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. The transdermal patch provides a steady, low-level dose of nicotine over time and may not provide immediate relief. Compliance with treatment can vary depending on the individual, but research suggests that the use of nicotine gum may be more effective in promoting smoking cessation compared to the transdermal patch. The nicotine gum can be used up to 24 times per day, as needed.

Question 6

A 38-year-old male patient stopped smoking 6 months ago.He tells the nurse that he still feels strong cigarette cravings and wonders if he is ever going to feel "normal" again.Which statement by the nurse is correct?

A) "It's possible that these cravings will never stop."
B) "These cravings may persist for several months."
C) "The cravings tell us that you are still using nicotine."
D) "The cravings show that you are about to experience nicotine withdrawal."

Accepted Answer

It is common for individuals who quit smoking to experience cravings for several months or even up to a year after quitting. It is important for the nurse to acknowledge the patient's struggle and offer support and resources to help manage the cravings. Option A is incorrect because it is not helpful to suggest that cravings will never stop, as this may discourage the patient. Option C is incorrect because the patient may experience cravings even if they are not using nicotine. Option D is incorrect because nicotine withdrawal typically occurs within the first few weeks after quitting, not several months later.

Question 7

A nurse is providing teaching for a patient who will be taking varenicline (Chantix)as part of a smoking-cessation program.Which teaching points are appropriate for a patient taking this medication? (Select all that apply.)

A) This drug is available as a chewing gum that can be taken to reduce cravings.
B) Use caution when driving because drowsiness may be a problem.
C) There have been very few adverse effects reported for this drug.
D) Notify the prescriber immediately if feelings of sadness or thoughts of suicide occur.
E) Avoid caffeine while on this drug.

Accepted Answer

Varenicline can cause drowsiness, so caution is advised when driving. It is also associated with mood changes, including depression and suicidal thoughts, so these should be reported immediately.

Question 8

A patient has been taking naltrexone (ReVia)as part of the treatment for addiction to heroin.The nurse expects that the naltrexone will have which therapeutic effect for this patient?&#10;A) Naltrexone prevents the cravings for opioid drugs.&#10;B) Naltrexone works as a safer substitute for the heroin until the patient completes withdrawal.&#10;C) The patient will experience flushing,sweating,and severe nausea if he takes heroin while on naltrexone.&#10;D) If opioid drugs are used while taking naltrexone,euphoria is not produced; thus,the opioid's desired effects are lost.

Accepted Answer

Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist, meaning it blocks the effects of opioid drugs. If a patient takes opioid drugs while on naltrexone, they will not experience euphoria or any other desired effects. This can help prevent relapse and support recovery from addiction.

Question 9

A patient is being treated for ethanol alcohol abuse in a rehabilitation center.The nurse will include which information when teaching him about disulfiram (Antabuse)therapy?&#10;A) He should not smoke cigarettes while on this drug.&#10;B) He needs to know about the common over-the-counter substances that contain alcohol.&#10;C) This drug will cause the same effects as the alcohol did,without the euphoric effects.&#10;D) Mouthwashes and cough medicines that contain alcohol are safe because they are used in small amounts.

Accepted Answer

Disulfiram (Antabuse) is a medication used to discourage alcohol consumption by creating unpleasant physical effects when alcohol is consumed. The nurse should teach the patient to avoid all substances that contain alcohol, including over-the-counter medications, mouthwash, and cough syrup. The nurse should also advise the patient that smoking cigarettes is not contraindicated while taking disulfiram. Option C is incorrect because disulfiram does not cause the same effects as alcohol, but rather creates unpleasant physical effects. Option D is incorrect because even small amounts of alcohol can cause a reaction with disulfiram.

Deck 17: Substance Abuse