Deck 52: Antidiabetics

Question 1

The client is ordered to be treated with glargine (Lantus) insulin. Because of the type of insulin that the client is receiving, the nurse plans a dosage schedule that administers the medication at which time(s)?

A) 7:00 AM
B) 7:00 AM and 11:00 AM
C) 11:00 AM and 9:00 PM
D) 9:00 PM

Answer 1

9:00 PM

Question 2

The client has been started on Metformin (Glucophage). What would be a positive outcome for this client as a result of the medication he is taking?

A) Increased serum glucose level following a meal
B) Decreased serum glucose level following a meal
C) Increased absorption of glucose form the small intestine
D) Reduced absorption of glucose from the small intestine

Answer 2

Reduced absorption of glucose from the small intestine

Question 3

The client is being treated with Humulin N. She also takes an oral contraceptive. The nurse anticipates that the interaction of these two medications will result in which effect?

A) Anaphylactic reaction
B) Increased effect from the Humulin N
C) Decreased effect from the Humulin N
D) Neurological damage

Answer 3

Decreased effect from the Humulin N

Question 4

The client is scheduled to begin treatment with Metformin. The nurse plans to closely monitor which laboratory values?

A) Cardiac enzymes
B) Liver function tests
C) Complete blood count
D) Respiratory function tests

Question 5

The nurse notes an order for insulin to be administered intravenously. The nurse recognizes that which insulin is the only type that can safely be administered intravenously?

A) Regular (Humulin R)
B) Lente (Humulin L)
C) NPH (Humulin N)
D) Insulin glargine (Lantus)

Question 6

The nurse is teaching the client the proper procedure for administration of insulin. The nurse should direct the client to use a _____ syringe.

A) 2-mL
B) 5-mL
C) 40-unit insulin
D) 100-unit insulin

Question 7

A client is found unconscious with a Medic-Alert bracelet indicating type 1 diabetes mellitus. What is the highest priority nursing intervention?

A) Administer insulin.
B) Feed the client orange juice.
C) Administer glucagon.
D) Perform CPR.

Question 8

The nurse assesses a client for evidence of hypoglycemic reaction. The highest priority nursing intervention is to assess for:

A) nervousness and tremors.
B) polyuria and polydipsia.
C) dry skin.
D) extreme thirst.

Question 9

The client is being treated with Metformin. He is also receiving furosemide. The nurse anticipates that the interaction of the two medications will result in:

A) acute kidney failure.
B) potentiated hypoglycemia.
C) dawn phenomenon.
D) potentiated hyperglycemia.

Question 10

The best candidate for treatment with Diazoxide (Proglycem) is the client who is experiencing:

A) a hypoglycemic reaction.
B) diabetic ketoacidosis.
C) hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinism.
D) insulin resistance reaction.

Question 11

The nurse is monitoring a client for evidence of a hypoglycemic reaction. The client received Humulin R insulin at 7 AM. The nurse anticipates that the client will need to be most closely monitored for evidence of a hypoglycemic reaction at which time?

A) 9:00 AM to 11:00 AM
B) Noon to 3:00 PM
C) 3:00 PM to 6:00 PM
D) 8:00 PM to Midnight

Question 12

The best candidate for treatment with a combination insulin such as Humulin 70/30 is the client who:

A) can use the prepared amount of regular and NPH units.
B) can adjust the amount of regular and NPH dosages.
C) has difficulty mixing insulins.
D) needs to learn how to administer insulins.

Question 13

A client is ordered to receive insulin glargine (Lantus) insulin. The nurse plans the client's care based on the fact that Lantus:

A) does not peak.
B) is less expensive.
C) is short acting.
D) requires multiple injections per day.

Question 14

A client is to receive Humalog (Lispro) insulin at breakfast. The nurse plans to administer the insulin _____ breakfast.

A) 30 minutes before
B) 5 minutes before
C) with
D) after

Question 15

A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital with an infection. The client was taking oral hypoglycemic agents and is prescribed insulin in the hospital. What is the highest priority instruction that the nurse can give the client regarding insulin administration?

A) Once the client begins to take insulin, she will always be on insulin.
B) Infection temporarily increases the need for insulin.
C) Hospitalized clients are always prescribed insulin.
D) Oral hypoglycemics tend to interact with antibiotics.

Question 16

The client is being treated with rosiglitazone maleate (Avandia). The highest priority instruction to the client based on treatment with this medication is for the client to:

A) increase the intake of calcium.
B) use birth control.
C) keep a food diary.
D) use a respiratory inhaler.

Question 17

The client is being treated with Glipizide. She begins to exhibit difficulty breathing. The nurse recognizes that this may be indicative of a(n) ________ the medication.

A) expected side effect of
B) anaphylactic reaction to
C) symptom that is not related to
D) life-threatening reaction to

Question 18

In administering an insulin injection to a client, the nurse anticipates that the injection of NPH (Humulin N) and regular (Humulin R) insulins will be administered via the _____ route.

A) intradermal
B) subcutaneous
C) intramuscular
D) intravenous

Question 19

The best candidate for oral antidiabetic therapy is the client who:

A) has a fasting glucose level of 180 mg/dl.
B) has had a diagnosis of diabetes for 10 years.
C) is 10 pounds under his optimal body weight.
D) requires 60 units of insulin per day.

Question 20

A client's insulin is administered at 7:00 AM daily. The client is to receive regular and NPH (Humulin N) insulins. The nurse is teaching the client how to prepare the syringe before injection. In preparing the syringe, the client should be taught to:

A) withdraw each medication in a separate syringe.
B) draw up regular insulin first.
C) draw up NPH insulin first.
D) recognize that order of medication withdrawal is not a priority.

Question 21

A client is ordered to receive insulin subcutaneously. What is the order of administration?
1. Draw up the insulin.
2. Clean the skin with alcohol.
3. Insert the needle.
4. Count to five.
5. Pinch the skin.
6. Remove the needle.
7. Inject the medication.
8. Verify the doctor's ordered dosage.