Deck 35: Hiv- and Aids-Related Drugs

Question 1

A client with a very low T₄ count is placed on several medications to prevent infections. The nurse instructs the client to expect to be placed on which medication as a prophylactic agent to prevent herpes simplex?

A) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
B) Fluconazole (Diflucan)
C) Acyclovir (Zovirax)
D) Pentamidine (Nebupent)

Answer 1

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Question 2

A client questions a nurse about taking antiretrovirals with other medications, which may cause drug interactions. What is the most accurate statement that the nurse can give in response?

A) "Make sure you do not take your antiviral medications with any other medications."
B) "Bring all your medications into the office as soon as possible and we will ensure that they are safe to take together."
C) "Next time you go to your doctor, let the doctor know all the medications you are taking."
D) "If you have any questions about your medications, ask your pharmacist."

Answer 2

"Bring all your medications into the office as soon as possible and we will ensure that they are safe to take together."

Question 3

A client with clinical AIDS is treated with a protease inhibitor. The highest priority nursing intervention based on this medication is to monitor for incidence of:

A) hepatic steatosis.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) urinary retention.
D) coma.

Answer 3

hyperglycemia.

Question 4

In teaching the client about Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon), the nurse would instruct the patient to watch for and report:

A) chronic diarrhea.
B) injection site irritation.
C) persistent arthralgia.
D) heart block.

Question 5

The client has been ordered to be treated with Kaletra. The nurse anticipates that the medication will be administered:

A) on an empty stomach.
B) with food.
C) at bedtime.
D) upon rising.

Question 6

Which is important to consider when developing a plan with the client receiving antiretroviral therapy to ensure adherence to the therapeutic regimen?

A) Make no association between taking medications with daily routine.
B) Avoid discussing management of anticipated side effects.
C) Ensure client has understanding of the purpose for each drug.
D) Avoid confusing clients by telling them about drug actions.

Question 7

A nurse sustains a needlestick injury and is exposed to an HIV-positive patient's blood. What is the highest priority action for the nurse?

A) Wait for appearance of symptoms to receive treatment.
B) Begin triple antibiotic therapy to prevent symptoms.
C) Start 4 weeks of antiretroviral therapy.
D) Start 10 days to 2 weeks of antibiotic therapy.

Question 8

A child with AIDS is placed on antiretroviral therapy. The nurse's instructions to the child and family are based on the premise that the goals of antiretroviral therapy include:

A) increasing viral load to detectable levels.
B) slowing the decline in the number of CD4 cells.
C) increasing resistance to opportunistic infections.
D) decreasing the severity of opportunistic infections.

Question 9

The nurse anticipates the client's laboratory values will result in increased ______ due to treatment with Kaletra?

A) cholesterol
B) magnesium
C) potassium
D) calcium

Question 10

A client with HIV is treated with the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz (Sustiva). The nurse is aware that other agents may be used because of which significant problem with NNRTIs?

A) Alopecia
B) Resistance
C) Coma
D) Hepatic dysfunction

Question 11

The client has been started on treatment with Sustiva. To achieve maximum absorption of the drug, the client should choose a breakfast of:

A) whole-wheat toast with jam.
B) egg-white omelet with spinach.
C) sausage patties with an English muffin.
D) sliced fruit with nonfat yogurt.

Question 12

A pregnant woman who is HIV positive may transfer the HIV virus to the fetus. The nurse caring for the client anticipates that the client will receive which medication to treat potential vertical transmission of HIV?

A) Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B) Zidovudine (AZT)
C) Isoniazid (INH)
D) Ethambutol (Myambutol)