Deck 11: Human Life Span Development

Question 1

When infants are uncertain about whether their caregivers will be responsive when needed, they may develop ________ attachment.

A) mistrusting
B) insecure
C) anxious resistant
D) anxious avoidant

Answer 1

anxious resistant

Question 2

Psychological readiness for toilet training generally occurs at age ________ months.

A) 12 to 15
B) 15 to 24
C) 18 to 30
D) 24 to 36

Answer 2

12 to 15

Question 3

Which of the following serves as a guideline for the expected weight of a 4- to 6-month-old child?

A) Increased birth weight by 2 to 3 pounds
B) Tripled his birth weight
C) Gained at least 5 pounds
D) Doubled his birth weight

Answer 3

Doubled his birth weight

Question 4

To which of the following conditions are infants especially susceptible?

A) Nasal congestion
B) Dehydration
C) Fatigue due to increased respiratory effort
D) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following guidelines applies when interviewing an adolescent patient?

A) Try to have a parent or peer stay with the patient.
B) Conduct the interview in private.
C) Remember that, although they look grown up, adolescents still want to be treated like children.
D) Avoid asking questions about sensitive topics such as substance abuse and sexual activity.

Question 6

Which of the following fluids helps the newborn infant's lungs remain open by reducing surface tension of the alveoli?

A) Amniotic fluid
B) Vernix caseosa
C) Surfactant
D) Meconium

Question 7

A major concern of psychosocial development for many adults in middle adulthood is:

A) awareness that the time in which they can accomplish their life's goals is becoming shorter.
B) finding love and having children.
C) a sense of self-worth.
D) the development of a personal code of ethics.

Question 8

The normal birth weight of a full-term newborn infant is ________ kg.

A) 2.0 to 2.5
B) 4.0 to 4.5
C) 1.0 to 1.5
D) 3.0 to 3.5

Question 9

A child's hearing reaches maturity at:

A) 12 to 18 months.
B) 2 to 3 years.
C) 3 to 4 years.
D) 5 to 6 years.

Question 10

A newborn typically sleeps ________ hours in a 24-hour period.

A) 8 to 10
B) 12 to 16
C) 16 to 18
D) 18 to 22

Question 11

By the age of 80, cardiac vessel elasticity has decreased by approximately ________ percent.

A) 30
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the physiological changes associated with aging is TRUE?

A) There is a 25 to 30 percent increase in kidney mass due to hypertrophy.
B) Impaired insulin use and glucose metabolism result in weight loss.
C) Decreased elasticity of the lung tissue results in a smaller lung volume.
D) Blood vessel walls thicken, reducing blood flow to end organs and causing blood pressure to rise.

Question 13

Preconventional reasoning is characterized by an orientation toward:

A) concern with community rights.
B) punishment and obedience.
C) concern with interpersonal norms.
D) concern with universal ethical principles.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes an authoritarian parent?

A) Responsive to the needs and wishes of the children
B) Expectant that the partner will discipline the children
C) Demanding and desiring instant obedience
D) Tolerant, with an accepting view of his children's behavior

Question 15

When palpating the head of a 12-month-old infant, it would be normal to feel the ________ fontanelle.

A) occipital
B) sphenoid
C) anterior
D) posterior

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the development of the sensory portion of the nervous system in infants?

A) They can feel pain but cannot isolate the sensation.
B) They both feel pain and can localize the sensation.
C) They have not yet developed an acute sense of pain.
D) None of the above is accurate.

Question 17

The highest levels of job stress typically occur in the ________ years.

A) early adult
B) adolescent
C) middle adult
D) late adult

Question 18

Infants and children learn by building on what they have already learned, a technique known as:

A) cognition.
B) scaffolding.
C) attachment.
D) bonding.

Question 19

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex in the infant?

A) When the infant's cheek is stroked, he turns his head in that direction.
B) When the infant's lips are touched, he makes sucking motions.
C) When startled, the infant throws his arms out wide, then grasps with the fingers and arms.
D) The infant's hand grasps an object placed in the palm of the hand.

Question 20

The normal heart rate of a toddler ranges from ________ to ________ beats per minute.

A) 120; 180
B) 100; 120
C) 80; 110
D) 60; 80

Question 21

________ parents take a tolerant, accepting view of their children's behavior, including aggressive behavior and sexual behavior.

A) Permissive
B) Authoritative
C) Authoritarian
D) Divorced

Question 22

School-age children usually develop all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) an extreme sense of privacy.
B) decision-making skills.
C) self-concept.
D) self-esteem.

Question 23

What is one of the major challenges for the older adult?

A) Maintaining a sense of self-worth
B) Staying in peak physical conditioning
C) Keeping up with daily chores and routines
D) Maintaining an accurate account of savings for retirement

Question 24

"Magical thinking" begins at age ________ months.

A) 12 to 18
B) 18 to 24
C) 24 to 36
D) 36 to 48

Question 25

A(n) ________ airway is shorter, narrower, less stable, and more easily obstructed than at any other stage in life.

A) infant's
B) toddler's
C) preschooler's
D) school ager's

Question 26

An infant's ventilatory rate generally is too fast to sustain adequate tidal volume when the rate is over ________ breaths per minute.

A) 60
B) 50
C) 40
D) 30

Question 27

A decrease in cognitive functioning over a five-year period prior to death is termed:

A) terminal drop.
B) postconventional reasoning.
C) slow-to-warm-up effect.
D) scaffolding.

Question 28

What is the theoretical, species-specific, longest duration of life, excluding premature or "unnatural" death called?

A) Maximum life span
B) Life expectancy
C) Maximum duration
D) Theoretical duration

Question 29

In which stage of development do the trachea and large airways increase in diameter and enlargement of the end units of the airway results in a decreased surface area of the lungs?

A) Late adulthood
B) Middle adulthood
C) Early adulthood
D) Adolescence

Question 30

________ take "time out" to experiment with a variety of identities, knowing that they do NOT have to assume responsibility for the consequences of those identities.

A) Adolescents
B) Preschoolers
C) Toddlers
D) School agers

Question 31

Adults in this age group are more concerned with the "social clock" and become more task oriented as they see the time for accomplishing their lifetime goals recede.

A) Middle adulthood
B) Early adulthood
C) Late adulthood
D) Adolescents

Question 32

At what stage does exploratory behavior accelerate playing simple games, following basic rules, and displaying early signs of competitiveness?

A) Preschooler
B) Toddler
C) School age
D) Adolescent

Question 33

Infants should typically be able to sit up in a high chair and make one-syllable sounds by the age of ________ months.

A) 3
B) 4
C) 6
D) 9

Question 34

In the early-adulthood age bracket, what is the leading cause of death?

A) Cardiovascular disease
B) Accidental trauma
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Seizure disorders