Deck 19: Ribosomes and Transfer Rna

Question 1

Match the following levels of tRNA structure with the descriptions below.
A.Primary structure
B.Secondary structure
C.Tertiary structure
D.Quaternary structure
E.1-dimensional structure
The formation of a stem loop structure by nucleotide base pairing.B

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Biochemical and genetic experiments have demonstrated that the _________ of tRNA are important for recognition by its cognate aminotransferase-tRNA synthetase.

A)D loop and T loop
B)T loop and variable loop
C)anticodon loop and T loop
D)acceptor stem and anticodon loop
E)variable loop and D loop

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Match the major regions found on a tRNA molecule with their correct description.
A.acceptor stem
B.D loop
C.T loop
D.variable loop
E.anticodon loop
Section: 19.02
This portion of tRNA contains a number of modified uracils.B

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The E.coli 70S ribosome contains _________ proteins and ________ rRNAs.

Question 5

The crystal structure of the Thermus thermophilis 70S ribosome reveals that the binding sites for tRNA are composed primarily of ______________.

Question 6

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain both an active site and a(n)___________ site.

Question 7

The exit tunnel walls of the 50S ribosomal subunit are made of _______,which probably helps the hydrophobic side chains of the nascent polypeptide to slide through easily.

Question 8

Match the following levels of tRNA structure with the descriptions below.
A.Primary structure
B.Secondary structure
C.Tertiary structure
D.Quaternary structure
E.1-dimensional structure
The tRNA nucleotide base sequence.A

Question 9

Match the major regions found on a tRNA molecule with their correct description.
A.acceptor stem
B.D loop
C.T loop
D.variable loop
E.anticodon loop
Section: 19.02
This portion of tRNA varies in length from 4 to 13 nucleotides.D

Question 10

Match the following levels of tRNA structure with the descriptions below.
A.Primary structure
B.Secondary structure
C.Tertiary structure
D.Quaternary structure
E.1-dimensional structure
tRNA that resembles an inverted L.C

Question 11

Match the major regions found on a tRNA molecule with their correct description.
A.acceptor stem
B.D loop
C.T loop
D.variable loop
E.anticodon loop
Section: 19.02
This portion of tRNA base pairs with mRNA.E

Question 12

Spectinomycin and paromomycin are antibiotics that were used to help determine the ___________ and ___________ functions of the 30S ribosomal subunit.

Question 13

Match the major regions found on a tRNA molecule with their correct description.

-This portion of tRNA contains the sequence T $\Psi$ C.C

A)acceptor stem
B)D loop
C)T loop
D)variable loop
E)anticodon loop
Section: 19.02

Question 14

Match the major regions found on a tRNA molecule with their correct description.

-This portion of tRNA has a terminal sequence of 5'-CCA-3'0.A

A)acceptor stem
B)D loop
C)T loop
D)variable loop
E)anticodon loop
Section: 19.02

Question 15

An mRNA with many ribosomes transversing it at the same time is called a ___________.

Question 16

The crystal structure of IF1 bound to the 30S ribosomal subunit shows that IF1 binds to the _____________ of the ribosome.

A)E site
B)P site
C)A site
D)allosteric site
E)S15 protein

Question 17

Eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes are more ___________ than prokaryotic ribosomes.

Question 18

Match the following levels of tRNA structure with the descriptions below.
A.Primary structure
B.Secondary structure
C.Tertiary structure
D.Quaternary structure
E.1-dimensional structure
The "clover-leaf" structure of tRNA.B

Question 19

Match the following levels of tRNA structure with the descriptions below.
A.Primary structure
B.Secondary structure
C.Tertiary structure
D.Quaternary structure
E.1-dimensional structure
The three-dimensional shape of tRNA.C

Question 20

The T loop of tRNA contains the modified nucleoside ____________,represented by the Greek letter $\Psi$ .

Question 21

X-ray crystallography studies have shown that tRNAs interact with the 30S ribosomal subunit through their _________ and with the 50S ribosomal subunit through their __________.

Question 22

In prokaryotes,transcription and translation are coupled and therefore polysomes can be found associated with active genes.

Question 23

There are two classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases,each approaches the tRNA molecule from the same side.

Question 24

The antibiotic streptomycin appears to increase the error rate of translation by interfering with the initial codon-_______ recognition and with proofreading.

Question 25

Eukaryotic organelle ribosomes are ______________ than prokaryotic ribosomes.

Question 26

The antibiotic _____________ is thought to inhibit translocation by blocking pivoting of the ribosomal head region.

Question 27

Upon binding to a ribosome,an aminoacyl-tRNA first enters in the A/T with its anticodon in the decoding site of the 30S particle and its acceptor stem still bound to EF-Tu.

Question 28

tRNAs contain a number of modified bases that have been shown to be necessary for tRNA function.

Question 29

The crystal structure of the Thermus thermophilis ribosome revealed that the twelve contacts between the subunits are mostly mediated by ribosomal proteins.

Question 30

The sequence of the 16S rRNA can be used to determine evolutionary relatedness between organisms.