Deck 2: The Molecular Nature of Genes

Question 1

Which of the following would be the substance of choice to destroy the DNA in a solution?

A)ribonuclease
B)trypsin
C)chymotrypsin
D)deoxyribonuclease
E)none of the choices are correct.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

An experiment was conducted to determine the base content of DNA.Results are shown in the table below.Determine which sample of DNA is the most stable.

A)DNA1
B)DNA2
C)DNA3
D)DNA4
E)DNA5

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Phosphodiester bonds are examples of

A)hydrophobic interactions.
B)hydrogen bonds.
C)convalent bonds.
D)noncovalent bonds.
E)ionic bonds.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The structure in the figure below is an example of

A)a pyrimidine.
B)a purine.
C)guanine.
D)adenine.
E)ribose.

Question 5

The overall length of one full turn of the B-DNA helix is

A)33.32 angstroms.
B)33.20 angstroms.
C)3.32 nanometers.
D)0.332 nanometers.
E)0.032 nanometers.

Question 6

Experiments conducted by Frederick Griffith laid the foundation for

A)elucidation of mRNA structure.
B)DNA as the genetic material.
C)the virulence of S.pneumoniae.
D)the discovery of the capsule on S.pneumoniae.
E)elucidation of tRNA structure.

Question 7

Which of the following is the best way to determine the base content of DNA?

A)density gradient centrifugation
B)gel electrophoresis
C)spectrophotometry
D)x-ray diffraction
E)deoxyribonuclease treatment

Question 8

The analytic tools used to show that DNA was the transforming substance include all of the following except

A)ultracentrifugation.
B)electrophoresis.
C)UV absorption spectrophotometry.
D)heat inactivation.
E)chemical analysis.

Question 9

All of the following conditions promote the denaturation of DNA except

A)low ionic strength solutions.
B)high pH.
C)organic solvents.
D)high temperature.
E)extremely low temperature.

Question 10

The ability of two polynucleotide strands to hybridize is based on which of the following principles?

A)double helical nature of DNA
B)the presence of phosphodiester bonds
C)complementary base pairing
D)the presence of 3' and 5' ends
E)the presence of covalent bonds

Question 11

An ideal way to visualize the shape of DNA is by

A)light microscopy.
B)electron microscopy.
C)centrifugation.
D)spectrophotometry.
E)deoxyribonuclease digestion.

Question 12

In experiments conducted by Griffith,the inability of the avirulent strain to produce a lethal infection was due to

A)the presence of a protective coat.
B)destruction by the host's white blood cells.
C)the presence of a gene for a polysaccharide coat.
D)the high body temperature of the host.
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 13

All of the following are found in RNA except

A)adenine.
B)deoxyribose.
C)cytosine.
D)guanine.
E)uracil.

Question 14

The C-value paradox can be explained by

A)the number of cytosine and guanine in DNA.
B)the number of mutations in each gene.
C)the amount of noncoding DNA in an organism.
D)the number of extra genes in the genome.
E)hyperchromic shift.

Question 15

Which of the following would prevent the formation of a phosphodiester bond in DNA?

A)removal of a nitrogen from one of the bases
B)removal of oxygen from carbon 2 of the sugar
C)removal of an oxygen from carbon 3 of the sugar
D)removal of the phosphate from the alpha position of the nucleoside triphosphate
E)removal of the phosphate at the beta position of the nucleoside triphosphate

Question 16

Rapid cooling of DNA following heating at high temperature will cause

A)the strands to break.
B)rapid renaturation of the strands.
C)the strands to remain separated.
D)the double helix to form rapidly.
E)mismatching between the strands.

Question 17

The Hershey-Chase experiments depended on two types of radioactive labels- __________________ for DNA and __________________for proteins.

Question 18

The bonds that connect adenine to thymine in a DNA double helix are

A)ionic.
B)hydrophobic.
C)hydrogen.
D)covalent.
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 19

The following structure is an example of

A)deoxyribose.
B)ribose.
C)adenine.
D)guanine.
E)thymine.

Question 20

Which of the following is not found in RNA?

A)nitrogen
B)oxygen
C)carbon
D)sulfur
E)hydrogen

Question 21

The melting temperature of DNA is the point at which 50% of the strands are denatured.

Question 22

In a DNA synthesis reaction the use of the following dATP molecule labeled with phosphorous-32 at the gamma position would result in a radioactively labeled DNA strand.

Question 23

The A- and B-forms of DNA structures are right-handed.

Question 24

DNA strands absorb more light when the strands are separated by heat,high pH,or organic solvents.

Question 25

The annealing of two different polynucleotide strands is called _____________.

Question 26

Wild Streptoccocus pneumoniae is virulent because of the absence of a capsule.

Question 27

The double helical model of DNA was described by ______________ and _____________ in 1953.

Question 28

The bases and sugars in DNA and RNA are joined together to form units called_____________.

Question 29

One of Chargaff's rules states that the amount of cytosine is equal to the amount of _________________in DNA.

Question 30

The phosphodiester bond in DNA is an example of a hydrogen bond.