Deck 32: Pancreatic Hormones and the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

Patients using insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus are more at risk for hypoglycemia if:

A)they administer too much insulin.
B)they skip a meal.
C)they exercise too strenuously.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

Oral antidiabetic drugs:

A)are used to treat patients with poor glucagon production.
B)are effective in some patients with type I diabetes.
C)are effective in some patients with type II diabetes.
D)inhibit insulin release.
E)all of the above

Answer 2

are effective in some patients with type II diabetes.

Question 3

Certain forms of biosynthetic insulin are absorbed more rapidly than regular human insulin because:

A)other substances such as acetate or protamine have been added to the insulin molecule to increase absorption.
B)zinc has been added to the insulin molecule to increase absorption.
C)newer forms of biosynthetic insulin can be administered orally via slow-release or sustained-release preparations.
D)the amino acid sequence of the insulin molecule has been altered to allow more rapid absorption
E)none of the above

Answer 3

the amino acid sequence of the insulin molecule has been altered to allow more rapid absorption

Question 4

All of the following are characteristics of type I diabetes mellitus EXCEPT:

A)disease onset usually occurs in childhood.
B)body weight is usually at or below normal levels.
C)pancreatic insulin production is low or absent.
D)tissue sensitivity to insulin is low.
E)diet and exercise are used in conjunction with drug therapy to maintain optimal health.

Question 5

At the present,insulin must be administered by parenteral (nonoral)routes because:

A)insulin will irritate the stomach.
B)insulin will be destroyed during "first-pass" metabolism in the liver.
C)the insulin molecule is too large to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal wall.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 6

Insulin _____ the storage of glucose in skeletal muscle and other tissues,thereby _____ plasma glucose levels after a meal.

A)increases;increasing
B)increases;decreasing
C)decreases;increasing
D)decreases;decreasing
E)none of the above

Question 7

The primary problem in type 2 diabetes is:

A)decreased release of glucagon from pancreatic alpha cells.
B)increased release of glucagon from pancreatic alpha cells.
C)decreased sensitivity of peripheral tissues to circulating insulin.
D)increased sensitivity of peripheral tissues to circulating insulin.
E)decreased production of antidiuretic hormone.