Deck 10: Multiple Murder, School, and Workplace Violence

Question 1

A term coined by Havelock Ellis that refers to self-arousal and the self-gratification of sexual arousal is:

A) autoeroticism.
B) authochthonous.
C) autoplasty.
D) autophagy.
E) autopagnosia.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In investigative psychology, any behavior that goes beyond what is necessary to commit the crime is called (the):

A) restructuring.
B) undoing.
C) staging.
D) signature.
E) modus operandi.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The primary difference between what qualifies as serial murders and what qualifies as mass murders is:

A) premeditation.
B) the selection of victims.
C) a cooling-off period.
D) the number of victims.
E) the weapons used.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is not a fundamental question of investigative psychology?

A) What are the important behavioral features of the crime that may help identify the perpetrator?
B) Are there any other crimes that are likely to have been committed by the same person?
C) What are the important behavioral features of the crime that may help prosecute the perpetrator?
D) What inferences can be made about the characteristics of the offender that may help identify him/her?
E) Does the victim's body show signs of ossification?

Question 5

Psychological profiling has its roots in:

A) professional sports.
B) psychometrics.
C) psychoanalysis.
D) politics.
E) behaviorism.

Question 6

According to the text, criminal profiling is currently most useful in identifying the perpetrator of what type of offense?

A) Serial homicide
B) Drug-induced crime
C) Political crimes
D) Serial rape
E) Aggravated assault

Question 7

In which type of crime scene is there evidence that the offender used planning and premeditation?

A) Reconstructive crime scene
B) Spontaneous crime scene
C) Mixed crime scene
D) Organized crime scene
E) Disorganized crime scene

Question 8

The murders at Virginia Tech in 2007 is an example of:

A) domestic terrorism.
B) spree murder.
C) serial murder.
D) classic mass murder.
E) b and d.

Question 9

What kind of offender would be most likely to engage in undoing at a murder scene?

A) sadistic
B) shy
C) psychopathic
D) emotionally distraught
E) troller

Question 10

_____ profiling is often used in the search for property offenders.

A) Residential
B) Racial
C) Geographic
D) Equivocal
E) Ethnic

Question 11

The modus operandi:

A) is an unusual pattern that is not necessary to commit the offense.
B) refers to the procedures an offender engages in to successfully commit a crime.
C) is a consistent, unchanging behavior the offender uses across all crimes.
D) is a crucial link investigators must focus on when linking crimes.
E) all of the above.

Question 12

A serial violent offender who does not specifically search for victims is using which one of which one of Rossmo's four hunting patterns?

A) Poacher
B) Scavenger
C) Trapper
D) Hunter
E) Troller

Question 13

The tendency to gather evidence that confirms one's pre-existing expectations, while failing to seek contradictory information is called:

A) biased profiling.
B) pre-existing orientation.
C) tunnel effect.
D) skewed reconnaissance.
E) confirmation bias.

Question 14

The term reconstructive psychological evaluation is synonymous with:

A) criminal profiling.
B) identity assessment.
C) psychological autopsy.
D) postmortem profiling.
E) none of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following is not listed in the text as a motive of male serial murderers?

A) Domination
B) Sexual excitement
C) Media attention
D) Material gain
E) Game playing

Question 16

Jenkins' 1988 study of serial killers in England found that:

A) serial killers had a long history of violent offenses before caught.
B) serial killers began killing at a late age.
C) serial killers had extensive juvenile records.
D) many were divorced.
E) the majority were former police officers.

Question 17

Investigative psychology is to _____ as profiling is to _______.

A) the crime scene; the offender.
B) criminal analysis; criminal tendencies.
C) forensics; anthropology
D) anthropology; forensics
E) the offender; the victim

Question 18

What practice accounts in part for the fact that ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in arrest statistics?

A) Racial profiling
B) Geographic profiling
C) Psychological autopsy
D) Criminal profiling
E) None of the above

Question 19

The primary difference between staging and undoing is:

A) the relationship between offender and victim.
B) the reason behind the action.
C) the level of aggression involved in the crime.
D) the amount of clothing left on the victim
E) the placement of the victim's body.

Question 20

The strongest determining factor of victim selection for most serial murders is the _____ of the victim.

A) availability
B) appearance
C) sexuality
D) psychological characteristics
E) social isolation

Question 21

Serial murder by children or adolescents is an exceedingly are event.

Question 22

Research has found that the two consistent characteristics of school shooters are:

A) cruelty to animals and easy access to weapons.
B) desire for revenge and history of drug use.
C) interest in unusual hobbies and history of drug use.
D) peer rejection and social rejection.
E) current depression diagnosis and history of violent behavior.

Question 23

Geographical profiling was initially designed to:

A) help investigations of arson.
B) help investigations of murder.
C) help investigations of rape.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.

Question 24

Research shows that the majority of school shooters had a history of cruelty to animals.

Question 25

Bullied students often become antisocial adults.

Question 26

The majority of mass murderers plan to die at the crime scene.

Question 27

Criminal profiling is most often used to determine an offender's specific identity.

Question 28

Children are more likely to be victims of violence away from school, as opposed to in school.

Question 29

Which worker would be least at risk for Type I workplace violence?

A) Sandy, who works 6 p.m. until closing at the Burger King counter.
B) David, who works the midnight shift at the Mobil Station.
C) Gretchen, who works 3-11 p.m. as a nursing assistant at the hospital.
D) Al, who owns his own liquor store and often works alone 3 p.m.-midnight.
E) Tony, who drives a taxi at night.

Question 30

An incident in which the offender commits serious physical or bodily harm to several workers within an organization is called:

A) workplace violence.
B) workplace aggression.
C) occupational violence.
D) occupational aggression.
E) all of the above.

Question 31

There has been an overabundance of research directed at mass murderers.

Question 32

According to Holmes and DeBurger's typology, which type of serial murderer is often characterized by an abundance of physical evidence at the crime scene?

A) Classic
B) Visionary
C) Power oriented
D) Hedonistic
E) Mission-oriented

Question 33

When victims are chosen because the killer associates them with a primary target against whom revenge is sought, this is called:

A) murder by proxy.
B) associative murder.
C) associative selection.
D) loyalty murder
E) none of the above.

Question 34

The weapon of choice in product tampering is:

A) razor blades.
B) metal.
C) glass.
D) cyanide.
E) syringes.

Question 35

Psychological profiling is the psychological description of criminal and noncriminal persons.

Question 36

According to La Fon (2002), the two basic types of psychological autopsies are:

A) suicide and equivocal death.
B) empirical and anecdotal.
C) compensatory and reconstructive.
D) testimonial and random
E) aggressive and non-aggressive

Question 37

Research shows that criminal profiling should be restricted to serial murder and serial sexual assaults.

Question 38

Which of the following is not one of Holmes and DeBurger's (1988) classifications of serial murderers?

A) Classic
B) Visionary
C) Power oriented
D) Hedonistic
E) Mission-oriented

Question 39

Kraemer, Lord, and Heilbrun (2004) found that serial offenders often prefer guns, while single victim offenders prefer hands on killing.

Question 40

Research by Fox and Levin found that most mass killings are motivated by:

A) profit.
B) fear.
C) power.
D) anger.
E) revenge.

Question 41

Discuss how the negative effects of bullying could be mitigated.

Question 42

According to the research discussed in the text, what would be an effective approach to reducing serial murder?

Question 43

What type of psychological autopsy are insurance companies interested in and why?

Question 44

Describe some of the differences between serial and single-victim killers, as discussed in the Chapter?

Question 45

Discuss the usefulness of organized, disorganized, and mixed crime scene classification.

Question 46

List two flaws in modern profiling discussed in the text.

Question 47

Explain why serial murderers are especially difficult to identify.

Question 48

Discuss the differences in motive, victim selection and method of killing between male and female serial killers.

Question 49

Explain why the case of Jack the Ripper is relevant to criminal profiling.