Question 1

Serotonin affects neurons involved in sleep,appetite,and mood.

Accepted Answer

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects various functions including sleep, appetite, and mood by acting on the neurons involved in these processes.

Question 2

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)uses a powerful magnetic field to temporarily stimulate or inactivate neural circuits.

Accepted Answer

TMS uses a magnetic field to stimulate or inactivate neural circuits.

Question 3

After surgery severing the corpus callosum,patients are unable to walk or to care for the physical needs of everyday life.

Accepted Answer

Severing the corpus callosum does not affect the ability to walk or care for physical needs of everyday life. However, it does affect the communication between the right and left hemispheres of the brain, which can lead to other deficits such as inability to name objects presented to the left hemisphere or difficulty with tasks that require integration of information from both hemispheres.

Question 4

Dizygotic twins are more likely to share a trait with high heritability than are non-twin siblings.

Accepted Answer

Dizygotic (fraternal) twins share, on average, 50% of their segregating genes, just like non-twin siblings, so their likelihood of sharing a trait with high heritability is the same as that of non-twin siblings.

Question 5

The brain stem's two main structures are the medulla and the pons.

Accepted Answer

The brain stem is made up of three main structures: the medulla, the pons, and the midbrain.

Question 6

Neurons greatly outnumber glial cells in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Although early studies estimated that there were 10 times as many glial cells as neurons in the brain, recent research suggests that there may be a more equal or even greater proportion of neurons to glial cells in the brain.

Question 7

Humans have 46 pairs of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

Humans actually have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes.

Question 8

The autonomic nervous system controls skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary muscles such as smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary skeletal muscles.

Question 9

An action potential is a chemical substance that alters the polarization of a receiving neuron.

Accepted Answer

An action potential is an electrical impulse that travels down a neuron and triggers the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse to communicate with other neurons. It is not a chemical substance that alters the polarization of a neuron.

Question 10

A heritability estimate around .53 for a trait indicates that 0.53% of the individual differences in the trait can be attributed to genetic factors in the population that was studied.

Accepted Answer

A heritability estimate around .53 for a trait indicates that 53% of the individual differences in the trait can be attributed to genetic factors in the population that was studied.

Deck 3: A: Biological Psychology