Question 1

Despite the massive controversy surrounding the practice of frontal lobotomies,the basic practice of therapeutically destroying small areas of brain tissue is still used today for some severe cases.

Accepted Answer

While the specific practice of frontal lobotomies is no longer used, the destruction of small areas of brain tissue, known as neuroablation, is still used in some cases as a last resort for severe psychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. However, it is only done after other treatments have failed and with careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits.

Question 2

Men are less likely than women to seek treatment for psychological issues.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that men are less likely than women to seek treatment for psychological issues, which can lead to negative consequences including higher rates of suicide and substance abuse. The reasons for this trend are complex and multifaceted, but may include societal expectations of masculinity, stigma surrounding mental health treatment, and a lack of awareness about available resources.

Question 3

A psychodynamic therapist would terminate therapy if a client reported that they had fallen in love with the therapist.

Accepted Answer

In psychodynamic therapy, feelings of love towards the therapist, known as transference, are considered an important part of the therapeutic process to be explored, not a reason to terminate therapy.

Question 4

A key part of cognitive-behavioural therapy is identifying and changing irrational,unproductive ways of thinking.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Cognitive-behavioural therapy involves identifying negative or distorted thought patterns and beliefs, and working to change them into more productive and realistic thoughts. By changing these thoughts, individuals can improve their mood, behaviour, and overall functioning.

Question 5

Most psychological treatments used by therapists have been empirically tested through experimental design.

Accepted Answer

While many psychological treatments have been empirically tested and are evidence-based, not all treatments used by therapists have undergone rigorous experimental testing. Some approaches may be based on clinical experience, theoretical frameworks, or emerging research that has not yet been fully validated through experimental design.

Question 6

Psychiatrists typically have a Master's or PhD in psychology.

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists typically have a medical degree (M.D. or D.O.) and have completed a residency in psychiatry, rather than a Master's or PhD in psychology.

Question 7

Research has shown that St.John's wort,an herbal remedy,is no more effective than a placebo at treating depression.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that St. John's wort can be more effective than a placebo for treating mild to moderate depression, although its effectiveness compared to standard antidepressants can vary.

Question 8

MAOIs are among the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressants.

Accepted Answer

MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) are not commonly prescribed as they have potentially dangerous interactions with certain foods and medications. They are usually reserved for patients who do not respond to other types of antidepressants.

Question 9

In client-centred therapy,the therapist provides empathy and unconditional positive regard to the client.

Accepted Answer

In client-centred therapy, the therapist aims to create a non-judgmental, empathetic, and safe environment for the client where they feel accepted for who they are. The therapist provides unconditional positive regard, meaning they view the client with acceptance, empathy, and understanding, regardless of what the client says or does.

Question 10

Freud believed that with insight and better understanding of past experiences,his patients' symptoms would improve.

Accepted Answer

This is a fundamental principle of Freudian psychoanalysis. Freud believed that by bringing repressed memories and emotions to conscious awareness, patients could develop insight and resolve psychological conflicts, thereby alleviating their symptoms.

Deck 16: A: Therapies