Deck 8: Oral Pathology

Question 1

The bilateral radiolucent areas identified by Figure 8-91, C, are:

A)Nasal fossae
B)Orbits
C)Frontal sinuses
D)Maxillary sinuses

Answer 1

Maxillary sinuses

Question 2

On the panograph (see Figure 8-91), the bilateral radiolucent areas apical to the mandibular molars and identified by A are:

A)Stafne bone cysts
B)Periapical abscesses
C)Submandibular fossae
D)Traumatic bone cysts

Answer 2

Submandibular fossae

Question 3

The horizontal radiopaque structure identified by Figure 8-91, B, is the:

A)Anterior coronoid process
B)Maxillary tuberosity
C)Mandibular condyle
D)Zygomatic arch

Answer 3

Zygomatic arch

Question 4

The type of tissue normally present around the canine area is:

A)Keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium
B)Nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium
C)Keratinized, simple squamous epithelium
D)Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium

Question 5

The generalized opalescence of the buccal mucosa is most likely:

A)Linea alba
B)Leukoedema
C)Lichen planus
D)Leukoplakia

Question 6

The patient has a 2-mm probing depth on the facial aspect of tooth #6, and he has 3 mm of recession. What is the attachment loss in this area?

A)5 mm
B)2 mm
C)3 mm
D)1 mm

Question 7

To prevent further recession, what changes should this patient make in his oral self-care regimen?

A)More frequent continued-care appointments
B)Modifying flossing technique
C)More frequent toothbrushing
D)Modifying toothbrushing technique

Question 8

The bitewing radiographs in Figure 8-90 indicate congenital absence of the:

A)Maxillary right first premolar and the maxillary left first premolars
B)Mandibular right first premolar and the mandibular left first premolar
C)Mandibular left first premolar and the mandibular right second premolar
D)Mandibular right second premolar and the mandibular left second premolar

Question 9

Which disease may have oral characteristics similar to those found in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)?

A)Primary herpes
B)Mononucleosis
C)Leukemia
D)Nonthrombocytopenic purpura

Question 10

With this procedure, the ideal outcome would be for some of this tissue to form a fibrous attachment to the tooth cementum. From which type of tissue would the cells come to remodel the cementum in this area in which root surfaces previously were exposed?

A)Cellular cementum
B)Bone
C)Sulcular epithelium
D)Periodontal ligament

Question 11

A bony, hard developmental, benign asymptomatic area found on the midline of the hard palate that appears radiopaque on a radiograph is most likely a:

A)Odontogenic myxoma
B)Median palatal cyst
C)Compound odontoma
D)Torus palatinus

Question 12

Which of the following cysts would create difficulty swallowing?

A)Branchial cleft
B)Thyroglossal
C)Nasopalatine
D)Mucocele

Question 13

A ranula usually is found on the:

A)Palate
B)Inner lip
C)Buccal mucosa
D)Floor of the mouth

Question 14

This patient also has a mucocele that is the result of trauma to a minor salivary duct. A mucocele is usually found on the:

A)Gingiva
B)Lower lip mucosa
C)Hard palate
D)Dorsum of the tongue

Question 15

The tooth itself is capable of experiencing painfulnerve sensation from all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?:

A)Pressure
B)Heat
C)Cold
D)Olfaction
The patient wants the areas of gingival recession treated to resolve issues of sensitivity and esthetic problems.The dental care plan includes covering the areas around the canines with soft tissue grafts.The periodontist explains that she will perform connective tissue grafts.She explains that the connective tissue taken from an area (donor site) will produce the same type of epithelium at the canine area (recipient site) as the tissue that exists at that donor site.

Question 16

Mixed tumors are most often found in the:

A)Palate
B)Mandible
C)Buccal mucosa
D)Lymph nodes

Question 17

The patient's sensitivity in this area is most likely related to:

A)Fluid entering the sulcular epithelium
B)Fluid entering the rodless enamel
C)Fluid entering the dentinal tubules
D)Fluid entering the lacuna of cementum

Question 18

What treatment does this condition require?

A)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
B)Excision
C)Antifungal drugs
D)No treatment

Question 19

In which layer of the stratified epithelium is the generalized opalescent condition in question 1 caused by significant intercellular edema?

A)Corneum
B)Basal
C)Prickle
D)Granular

Question 20

An appropriate connective tissue donor site would be the:

A)Buccal mucosa
B)Soft palate
C)Hard palate
D)Sublingual area

Question 21

Which of the following is a rickettsial infection?

A)Malaria
B)Psittacosis
C)Rocky Mountain spotted fever
D)Tularemia

Question 22

A lesion is noted on the lips of a 40-year-old female patient. The lesion appears as several discrete vesicles; some have ulcerated. When questioned, the patient says she always gets a sore like that before she gets a cold. The patient most likely has:

A)A chancre
B)Perlèche
C)An aphthous ulcer
D)Herpes labialis

Question 23

A slightly raised, noncoated, red, rectangular area in the midline of the tongue has been present as long as the patient can remember. It is associated with Candida albicans. This condition is most likely:

A)Geographic tongue
B)Pathologic tongue
C)Median rhomboid glossitis
D)Fissured tongue

Question 24

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effect of pregnancy on the health of the mother's oral tissues?

A)Pregnancy-associated gingivitis is caused by hormonal changes, and nothing can be done about it
B)Pregnant women can often experience the growth of tumors in the mouth that relate to hormonal changes
C)Hormonal changes during pregnancy result in increased bacteria and increased gingival response to plaque biofilm
D)Pregnancy results in hormonal changes, but these changes do not affect the mother's oral tissues

Question 25

In Figure 8-94, the soft tissue lesion on the mandibular mucosa erupted suddenly, was filled with a clear fluid, and broke easily. The condition is most likely a:

A)Ranula
B)Mucocele
C)Fibroma
D)Fistula

Question 26

Which of the following provides the most conclusive diagnostic evidence in distinguishing pemphigus from pemphigoid?

A)Clinical picture
B)History of the disease
C)Biopsy and histology report
D)Race and religion

Question 27

An isolated radiopaque area in the periodontal ligament space is observed on a patient's radiographs. This radiopaque structure may be a(an):

A)Epithelial rest
B)Cementum spur
C)Exostosis of alveolar bone
D)Cementicle

Question 28

The gingival enlargement shown in Figure 8-93 was caused by a calcium channel blocker drug. The condition was most likely caused by:

A)Phenytoin (Dilantin)
B)Enalapril (Vasotec)
C)Fluoxetine (Prozac)
D)Nifedipine (Procardia)

Question 29

A 30-year-old patient calls and complains of sudden swelling in both sides of his neck, which seems to be enlarging. His record indicates that he recently has cancelled two appointments. He needs to have restorative care completed on the mandibular second molars, which have extensive decay. The patient may have:

A)Actinomycosis
B)Mumps
C)Syphilis
D)Ludwig angina

Question 30

A definitive dental diagnosis of soft tissue oral cancer is made by:

A)A complete radiographic survey
B)Exfoliative cytology
C)Scalpel biopsy
D)Brush test

Question 31

Which one of the following cysts has the potential for developing into an ameloblastoma?

A)Lateral periodontal cyst
B)Primordial cyst
C)Stafne bone cyst
D)Residual cyst

Question 32

The patient is a 28-year-old woman who is pregnant. A gingival lesion involving the interproximal papillae between teeth #7 and #8 on the labial surface is bright red, soft, and spongy; it bleeds easily. The histology report shows proliferation of inflammatory cells and thin epithelium. The lesion is most likely:

A)A fibroma
B)A pyogenic granuloma
C)Redundant tissue
D)A papilloma

Question 33

A pyogenic granuloma is known to scar down to a(an):

A)Pregnancy tumor
B)Fibrogranuloma
C)Lipoma
D)Osteoma

Question 34

Which of the following two diseases represent different forms of infection resulting from the same virus?

A)Measles and German measles
B)Chickenpox and smallpox
C)Bacterial pneumonia and croup
D)Shingles and chickenpox

Question 35

Which of the following does not define the term pathogenesis?

A)How the lesion begins
B)Behavior of the lesion
C)Clinical picture of the lesion
D)Development of the lesion

Question 36

Which of the following produce(s) no radiographic image?

A)Dental caries
B)Supernumerary teeth
C)Odontoma
D)Fibroma

Question 37

Primordial cysts are most often found radiographically:

A)In the anterior maxillary regions
B)Around a supernumerary tooth
C)Posterior to erupted third molars or in place of a tooth that was never present
D)In the mandibular canine and first premolar areas

Question 38

Figure 8-92 shows a periapical radiograph of the mandibular right quadrant, which was taken as part of a full-mouth radiographic series. The patient was 14 years of age and asymptomatic. The periapical radiolucency indicated by the arrow on tooth 31 is most likely:

A)Resorption caused by a traumatic injury
B)Periapical abscesses
C)Incomplete root formation
D)Hypercementosis

Question 39

Which of the diagnostic methods listed below is most reliable and ensures the highest degree of accuracy when evaluating squamous cell carcinoma?

A)Surgical
B)Microscopic
C)Therapeutic
D)Clinical

Question 40

The usual location of periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (cementoma) is:

A)Mandibular anteriors
B)Maxillary anteriors
C)The mandibular ramus
D)Maxillary premolars

Question 41

For which one of the following is the etiology definitely known to be an irritant?

A)Papilloma
B)Torus
C)Granuloma
D)Lipoma

Question 42

Which one of the following is most important to the pathologist when a chondroma is suspected?

A)A complete personal history of the patient
B)Complete removal of the tumor in question
C)Submission of a "large enough" sample of tissue for histologic study because a chondroma resembles a malignant chondrosarcoma
D)Radiographs of all large bones

Question 43

The clinical assessment reveals an inflamed, palpable benign tumor in the anterior of the palate, lingual to the maxillary incisors. The tumor arises from deeper tissue and appears to originate from the periodontal ligament. The radiograph shows the lesion infiltrating bone but no metastasis. The client is a 35-year-old woman. A possible diagnosis is a:

A)Peripheral giant cell granuloma
B)Lipoma
C)Torus palatinus
D)Mixed tumor

Question 44

Which one of the following can be a characteristic of pemphigus vulgaris?

A)Nikolsky sign
B)Occurs predominantly in African American females
C)Has an etiology of drug reaction
D)Occurs predominantly in white males

Question 45

Clinically, this benign white, cauliflower-like lesion usually on the palate is similar to a wart. The histology report indicates long, finger-like projections of epithelium. The etiology is human papilloma virus (HPV). What is the most likely condition?

A)Verruca vulgaris
B)Papilloma
C)Aspirin burn
D)Linea alba

Question 46

A lesion found on the buccal mucosa of a 30-year-old white woman is pink, well defined, and soft to palpation. It has been slow-growing and histologically consists of collagenous fibers, fibroblasts, and fibrocytes, but with no fat cells or bone. It has a pedunculated base. The lesion is most likely a:

A)Sarcoma
B)Fibroma
C)Fibrolipoma
D)Fibro-osteoma

Question 47

Which one of the following cysts is the result of extracting a tooth without the cystic sac?

A)Radicular cyst
B)Residual cyst
C)Lateral periodontal cyst
D)Primordial cyst

Question 48

A cyst commonly found unilaterally in the floor of the mouth changes size between meals. Clinically, it has a bluish hue. It may be caused by:

A)A decayed tooth
B)Blockage or trauma to a major salivary duct
C)Failure of developmental fusion of the branchial arches
D)Medications

Question 49

Clinical assessment of a lesion reveals a severe hypersensitivity reaction, with the lips and tongue especially affected. Additionally, "bull's eye" or "target eye" skin lesions are present, and the onset of all lesions was abrupt or "explosive." The condition is most likely:

A)Lichen planus
B)Herpes
C)Erythema multiforme
D)Mononucleosis

Question 50

Which one of the following diagnostic processes should be applied to establish the diagnosis of nicotine stomatitis?

A)Surgical and microscopic
B)Radiographic
C)Laboratory
D)Clinical and historical

Question 51

A palatal condition of an elderly patient that is primarily caused by chronic irritation from the suction chamber of a denture is clinically observed as:

A)A fibroma
B)A papilloma
C)Papillary hyperplasia
D)A median palatal cyst

Question 52

The clinical oral examination of the patient reveals a possible leukoplakia. The first course of action should be to:

A)Perform a scalpel biopsy
B)Perform a cytologic smear
C)Give the client vitamin A therapy
D)Have the patient return in 2 months to evaluate the growth

Question 53

The clinical assessment of a patient's lesion is best described as a well-defined, yellowish, blister-like eruption. Straw fluid may be aspirated. It is a rare, benign neoplasm. The histology report shows a predominance of fat cells. The lesion is a (an):

A)Papilloma
B)Osteoma
C)Lipoma
D)Fibroma

Question 54

A radiolucent lesion in the posterior part of the mandible anterior to the angle has the radiographic features of a cyst. After surgical intervention, the histology report shows submaxillary salivary gland tissue; also, the lesion is not lined with epithelium. One may conclude that the lesion is most likely a(an):

A)Residual cyst
B)Traumatic bone cyst
C)Lingual mandibular bone concavity
D)Ameloblastoma

Question 55

Which one of the following tests is not used for pemphigus?

A)Pels-Macht
B)Tzanck
C)Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
D)Nikolsky sign

Question 56

The dental hygienist observes an adult patient with the following clinical feature: gingival fibromatosis resulting from a history of Zimmerman-Laband syndrome and phenytoin (Dilantin) therapy. Which one of the following statements is correct?

A)The client should stop taking the drug
B)An overgrowth of the connective tissue is present
C)The epithelium remains the same
D)A gingivectomy would "cure" the condition

Question 57

In which of the following locations is a lateral periodontal cyst usually found?

A)Between the roots of mandibular canines and premolars
B)Between the roots of maxillary central incisors
C)On the maxillary canine
D)In the mandibular third molar area

Question 58

A tooth involved in a cyst is discovered to be nonvital on pulp testing. The cyst is probably a:

A)Residual cyst
B)Lateral periodontal cyst
C)Radicular cyst
D)Dentigerous cyst

Question 59

The onset of this chronic, recurring autoimmune disease is at 30 years, with no gender predilection. A triad of symptomatic locations (oral, eye, and genital) is involved, and two of the three areas must be present to make the diagnosis. You suspect:

A)Erythema multiforme
B)Stevens-Johnson syndrome
C)Behçet syndrome
D)Recurrent ulcerative stomatitis (RUS)

Question 60

An intraoral examination of the gingiva reveals a clinical picture of punched-out papillae. The patient complains of pain and a bad taste. The history indicates that the patient's diet is poor, that he has been under stress, and that he has had little rest. What is the best course of action?

A)Perform culture and laboratory studies
B)Apply a therapeutic course, debride the mouth, and recommend hydrogen peroxide oral rinse and systemic antibiotics
C)Immediately refer the patient to a periodontist
D)Perform periodontal therapy, including extensive root planing and stain removal

Question 61

All of the following are characteristic of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) except one. Which one is the exception?

A)Punched-out papillae and craters
B)Hyperkeratinization
C)Odor
D)Pain and bleeding

Question 62

Which of the following cysts could develop into an ameloblastoma?

A)A residual cyst
B)Primordial cyst
C)Median mandibular cyst
D)Lateral periodontal cyst

Question 63

A radicular cyst is most often caused by:

A)Deep restorations
B)Trauma
C)Primary occlusal traumatism
D)Dental caries

Question 64

Epulis fissuratum is caused by:

A)A denture flange
B)The suction chamber of a denture
C)An allergic reaction to acrylic material
D)Denture cleaners

Question 65

Which one of the following characteristics does a person with leucopenia have?

A)Decrease in the number of white blood cells
B)Increase in the number of white blood cells
C)Decrease in the number of red blood cells
D)Decrease in the number of platelets

Question 66

What is the causative agent of herpangina?

A)Chickenpox virus
B)Coxsackievirus
C)Epstein-Barr virus
D)Varicella zoster virus

Question 67

Which of the following makes Behçet's syndrome different from recurrent ulcerative stomatitis?

A)"Bull's eye" skin lesions
B)A triad of locations of lesions (oral, eye, and genital)
C)Exudate from lesions
D)Mesenchymal proliferations

Question 68

In which of the following cysts are nonvital teeth involved?

A)Nasoalveolar cyst
B)Lateral periodontal cyst
C)Radicular cyst
D)Cyst of the incisive papilla

Question 69

Which one of the following characteristics does a person with achlorhydria have?

A)A low blood glucose level
B)A lack of hydrochloric acid
C)Too much hydrochloric acid
D)Xerostomia

Question 70

A platelet count of 150,000 to 400,000/mm3 of blood and a normal bleeding time are not indicative of:

A)Thrombocytopenia
B)Anemia
C)Leukemia
D)Nonthrombocytopenic purpura

Question 71

Which one of the following is referred to as "Cooley anemia"?

A)Acute anemia
B)Thalassemia
C)Primary aplastic anemia
D)Thrombocytopenia

Question 72

Achlorhydria, inability to absorb vitamin B12, and burning, painful tongue are characteristics of:

A)Thrombocytopenia
B)Hypervitaminosis
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Hyperkeratosis

Question 73

Bone marrow anoxia occurs in:

A)Secondary polycythemia
B)Pernicious anemia
C)Thalassemia
D)Aplastic anemia

Question 74

Precocious puberty is most characteristic of:

A)Jaffe syndrome
B)Monostotic fibrous dysplasia
C)Cherubism
D)McCune-Albright syndrome

Question 75

Sickle cell anemia is of hereditary origin and occurs primarily in:

A)Whites
B)Native Americans
C)Infants
D)African Americans

Question 76

In treating fibrous dysplasia, which one of the following would not be advised because it can trigger a malignancy?

A)Radiation
B)Surgery
C)Chemotherapy
D)Bone marrow depressants