Deck 15: Augmented Feedback

Question 1

If a person throws a series of 50 darts at a target that cannot be seen and is shown the results of each set of 10 throws at the end of every 10 throws, the augmented feedback technique is called the:

A) Performance-bandwidth technique
B) Averaged augmented feedback technique
C) Summary augmented feedback technique
D) Self-selected technique

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When the source of information about a response is the person's own sensory system, the type of feedback is called ________.

Answer 2

task-intrinsic

Question 3

A learner is most likely to become dependent on augmented feedback when:

A) Task-intrinsic feedback is minimal or difficult to detect
B) The learner substitutes augmented feedback for task-intrinsic feedback
C) Augmented feedback becomes an essential part of the task
D) All of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements about descriptive and prescriptive verbal KP is correct?

A) Descriptive verbal KP is preferable to prescriptive verbal KP early in practice
B) Prescriptive verbal KP is preferable to descriptive verbal KP early in practice
C) Either descriptive or prescriptive verbal KP is appropriate to use early in practice
D) Neither descriptive nor prescriptive verbal KP should be used early in practice

Question 5

Experimental evidence shows that, compared to qualitative KR, quantitative KR leads to:

A) Better performance than qualitative KR only early in practice
B) Better performance than qualitative KR early and late in practice
C) No better performance than qualitative KR early in practice but better than qualitative KR later in practice
D) No better performance than qualitative KR early and later in practice

Question 6

One activity shown to actually benefit skill learning when it occurs in the KR-delay interval is:

A) Practicing another skill that has KR presented on each trial
B) Performing any type of motor skill
C) Performing any type of verbal skill
D) Estimating your own error for the just completed response

Question 7

When augmented feedback serves to encourage a person to continue striving to achieve a performance goal, augmented feedback functions as:

A) A guide to correct errors
B) Motivation
C) Reinforcement
D) Task intrinsic feedback

Question 8

Participants who were given erroneous KR when they could have learned a task based on task-intrinsic feedback without KR:

A) Attended to the task-intrinsic feedback and ignored the erroneous KR
B) Ignored the task-intrinsic feedback and performed according to the erroneous KR
C) Attended to both the task-intrinsic feedback and erroneous KR and performed according to a mid-point between them
D) Became confused and performed rather erratically

Question 9

The "guidance hypothesis," which relates to the frequency of KR, takes issue with which traditional viewpoint about the best frequency for KR?

A) The more frequently KR is given, the better the learning will be
B) The less frequently KR is given, the better the learning will be
C) A combination of 100% and relative frequency leads to the best learning
D) More frequent KR early in practice and less frequent KR later in practice leads to the best learning

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of the use of concurrent augmented feedback?

A) When driving on a narrow, curvy street in a car simulator, seeing different visible signals to indicate when the car is inside or outside the street
B) When using EMG biofeedback, hearing a beeping sound when the target muscle is activated
C) When performing a knee-extension movement, seeing the knee-angle displacement curve change on a computer monitor
D) All of these

Question 11

If video replay is used as augmented feedback for beginners, it should be used:

A) In any situation
B) Only in the presence of advanced performers
C) Only with the instructor present
D) Video replays should not be used with beginners

Question 12

When you give a person augmented feedback based on a "performance bandwidth," you give feedback only when the person's performance is:

A) Outside a specific range of correctness
B) Within a specific range or correctness
C) Outside or within a specific range of correctness
D) Correct

Question 13

Research shows that when learners can self-select when they receive augmented feedback they typically ask for it:

A) Frequently and after good trials
B) Frequently and after poor trials
C) Infrequently and after good trials
D) Infrequently and after poor trials

Question 14

If you are told "your score was 16 on that attempt," the type of augmented feedback you received is known as:

A) Sensory feedback
B) Augmented sensory feedback
C) Knowledge of results
D) Knowledge of performance

Question 15

The KP used in Wallace and Hagler's basketball shooting experiment:

A) Was essential for learning the skill
B) Was not essential for learning the skill, but enhanced it
C) Hindered skill learning
D) Motivated skill learning

Question 16

When augmented feedback tells the performer which movement characteristics produced the movement outcome, the type of augmented feedback is known as:

A) Sensory feedback
B) Augmented sensory feedback
C) Knowledge of results
D) Knowledge of performance

Question 17

Most research shows that when augmented feedback is based on performance errors versus correct performance:

A) Error-based feedback is better for facilitating motor skill learning.
B) Correct performance feedback is better for facilitating motor skill learning.
C) Error-based feedback is better early in practice, but correct performance feedback is better later in practice.
D) Correct performance feedback is better early in practice, but error-based feedback is better later in practice.

Question 18

The optimal frequency for providing augmented feedback depends on:

A) The skill being learned
B) The skill level of the learner
C) A and B
D) None of the above

Question 19

Longer augmented feedback summaries are better for learning:

A) Complex skills
B) Simple skills
C) Open skills
D) Closed skills

Question 20

To help a person learn to activate a specific muscle group to produce a desired movement, the type of biofeedback that has been shown to be effective is the:

A) Force-time curve resulting from the movement
B) Displacement curve from their movement
C) Velocity profile of their movement
D) EMG associated with their movement

Question 21

Quantitative KR ultimately leads to better motor skill learning than qualitative KR.

Question 22

When a beginner receives erroneous KR after each practice trial even though he or she could learn the skill without KR, the beginner typically ignores the KR.

Question 23

The _______ hypothesis proposes that augmented feedback on every practice trial has a positive effect on practice performance, but has a negative effect on learning the skill.

Question 24

The technique used by Winstein and Schmidt (1990) that yielded the most effective means of reducing the frequency of augmented feedback was called the ________ technique.

Question 25

Verbal KP statements that specify what a person needs to do to correct a performance error are called ________ verbal KP statements.

Question 26

The interval of time after the completion of a response and before KR is given is the ________ interval.

Question 27

When a computer graphic showing arm velocity during the performance of a skill is shown to a person, the type of augmented feedback is called ________.

Question 28

Concurrent augmented feedback always has negative effects on motor skill learning.

Question 29

Augmented feedback that tells a beginner those aspects of the performance that were correct can serve a motivational role to encourage the person.

Question 30

Learners will always become dependent on concurrent augmented feedback, regardless of how the feedback is displayed or presented.

Question 31

The only reason to give augmented feedback to a beginner learning a motor skill is to facilitate their achievement of the action goal of the skill.

Question 32

If you see where your golf ball goes after you hit it, the visual feedback you receive is known as knowledge of results.

Question 33

When EMG or heart rate is given to people as augmented feedback, the general term used to describe this type of augmented feedback is ________.

Question 34

Is the KR statement "your arm moved too fast" an example of "qualitative" or "quantitative" KP? ________

Question 35

Research evidence shows that you can hinder the learning of a motor skill by a beginner by delaying the augmented feedback too long.

Question 36

Research shows that when augmented feedback is given to a beginner on every practice trial, it can lead to the beginner becoming ________ on it, which typically leads to poor performance when the augmented feedback is not available.

Question 37

Research has shown that it is possible to learn some motor skills without receiving augmented feedback.

Question 38

When augmented feedback is given while a person is performing a skill or movement, it is known as ________ augmented feedback.

Question 39

Giving augmented feedback to a beginner only when he or she requests it is better than giving the augmented feedback on every trial.

Question 40

It is preferable to give prescriptive verbal KP to beginners rather than descriptive verbal KP.

Question 41

Kinematic feedback can allow learners to quickly acquire patterns of coordination that were once considered very difficult, if not impossible, to learn.

Question 42

Learning is enhanced when learners can self-select when to receive augmented feedback.