Deck 15: Alterations in Blood Flow

Question 1

Blood pressure is the product of blood flow and vascular resistance.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The relationship of blood flow (Q), resistance (R), and pressure (P) in a vessel can be expressed by

A) P = QR.
B) Q = R/P.
C) R = PQ.
D) P = Q/R.

Answer 2

P = QR.

Question 3

If viscosity of blood decreases, the resistance to blood flow decreases.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The smaller the diameter of a vessel, the greater the likelihood of turbulent flow.

Question 5

An increase in capillary blood oncotic pressure increases capillary filtration rate.

Question 6

A vessel in which you would expect to find the most rapid blood flow is

A) an arteriole.
B) a capillary.
C) a venule.
D) the vena cava.

Question 7

Which of the following would cause vasoconstriction?

A) Norepinephrine
B) Calcium channel blocker
C) . $\alpha$ -Adrenergic antagonist
D) Acetylcholine

Question 8

Activation of the aortic and carotid baroreceptors by increased blood pressure results in

A) vasoconstriction.
B) reduced heart rate.
C) sympathetic activation.
D) hypertension.

Question 9

Blood pressure is lowest in the

A) arteries.
B) capillaries.
C) veins.
D) right atrium.

Question 10

Elevation of an extremity suffering from arterial insufficiency will

A) increase perfusion to the extremity.
B) promote circulation distal to the obstruction.
C) decrease perfusion to the extremity.
D) relieve ischemic pain.

Question 11

If vascular resistance decreases but driving pressure doesn't change, then flow must increase.

Question 12

Clinical manifestations of chronic arterial obstruction include

A) edema.
B) intermittent claudication.
C) decreased pressure proximal to the obstruction.
D) distal hyperemia.

Question 13

Within the circulatory system, the highest velocity of blood flow occurs in the arterioles.

Question 14

Wall tension increases as the vessel radius decreases.

Question 15

The hematocrit is the primary determinant of blood viscosity.

Question 16

Blood flow is slow through capillaries because they

A) are so far away from the heart.
B) have the largest total cross-sectional area.
C) are so narrow.
D) have no smooth muscle.

Question 17

Resistance to blood flow is inversely proportional to vessel radius.

Question 18

What is the effect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved?

A) Resistance doubles.
B) Resistance decreases by a factor of 16.
C) Resistance decreases by half.
D) Resistance increases by a factor of 16.

Question 19

If distending pressure within a vessel falls below wall tension, the vessel will collapse.

Question 20

Peripheral edema is a result of

A) arterial insufficiency.
B) venous thrombosis.
C) hypertension.
D) atherosclerosis.

Question 21

The primary role of the baroreceptor reflex is to regulate

A) cardiac output.
B) perfusion pressure.
C) vascular resistance.
D) tissue perfusion.

Question 22

Which of the following clinical findings is indicative of compartment syndrome?

A) Peripheral edema
B) Absent peripheral pulses
C) Redness and swelling
D) Atrophy of distal tissues

Question 23

Venous obstruction leads to edema because it _____ pressure.

A) increases capillary oncotic
B) increases arterial blood
C) decreases tissue
D) increases capillary hydrostatic

Question 24

Tissues are able to autoregulate their rate of blood flow by controlling

A) perfusion pressure.
B) arterial blood pressure.
C) vascular resistance.
D) venous return to the heart.

Question 25

Which of the following is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation?

A) Thrombocytopenia
B) Vascular trauma
C) Stasis of blood flow
D) Circulatory shock

Question 26

Which of the following would enhance filtration from the capillary to the tissue?

A) Increased tissue hydrostatic pressure
B) Increased tissue oncotic pressure
C) Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
D) Increased capillary oncotic pressure

Question 27

Which of the following is not a manifestation of acute arterial obstruction?

A) Pain
B) Purpura
C) Pallor
D) Pulselessness

Question 28

A serious complication of deep vein thrombosis is

A) stroke.
B) hypertensive crisis.
C) extremity necrosis.
D) pulmonary embolus.

Question 29

Risk factors for atherosclerosis include

A) female gender.
B) hyperlipidemia.
C) high-protein diet.
D) low-fiber diet.

Question 30

Deep vein thrombosis is managed with heparin to

A) relieve edema.
B) prevent clot dislodgement.
C) dissolve the thrombus.
D) prevent further clot formation.