Deck 10: Alterations in Immune Function

Question 1

Type II hypersensitivity reactions are also called immune complex reactions.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Plasmapheresis to remove inciting antibodies would not be a therapeutic option for

A) Wegener granulomatosus.
B) Goodpasture disease.
C) myasthenia gravis.
D) transplant rejection.

Answer 2

transplant rejection.

Question 3

A patient is given an intradermal injection of antigen and develops redness and induration at the site 72 hours later. This is an example of type _____ hypersensitivity.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Answer 3

IV

Question 4

Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions because

A) massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation.
B) toxins released into the blood interfere with cardiac function.
C) anaphylaxis results in large volume losses secondary to sweating.
D) hypoxia due to bronchoconstriction impairs cardiac function.

Question 5

Type I hypersensitivity occurs when mast cells release excessive inflammatory granules in response to antigen.

Question 6

Which of the following disorders is associated with a type III hypersensitivity mechanism of injury?

A) Systemic lupus erythematosus
B) Type I diabetes mellitus
C) Erythroblastosis fetalis
D) Addison disease

Question 7

Excessive production of which T-helper cytokine has been implicated in the development of type I hypersensitivity?

A) IL-2
B) IL-4
C) IL-6
D) Interferon $\gamma$

Question 8

A type II hypersensitivity reaction occurs when red blood cells are lysed after an incompatible blood transfusion.

Question 9

Only persons with allergies produce IgE antibodies.

Question 10

A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely to be a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 11

Asthma is caused by a type II hypersensitivity reaction.

Question 12

Mast cells bind to the Fc portion of IgE antibodies.

Question 13

Autoimmune diseases

A) are due to increased T suppressor cell activity associated with aging.
B) occur only when lymphocytes are in close contact with body cells during embryogenesis.
C) result from failure of the immune system to differentiate self and nonself molecules.
D) are often communicable to others by direct contact.

Question 14

Which of the following disorders is not a type IV hypersensitivity disorder?

A) Blood transfusion reaction
B) Graft-versus-host disease
C) Transplant rejection
D) Contact dermatitis

Question 15

Type I hypersensitivity reactions are also called anaphylactic reactions.

Question 16

Certain autoimmune diseases are associated with the presence of specific proteins on a person's cells. These proteins are called _____ proteins.

A) complement
B) antibody receptor
C) HLA or MHC
D) TCR or BCR

Question 17

J.B. developed an opportunistic infection that is to be managed with an antibiotic. J.B. has received this antibiotic once previously with no adverse reactions. Which of the following statements should guide administration of the drug this time?

A) No chance of anaphylaxis since no reaction the first time the antibiotic was given.
B) Anaphylaxis is antibody mediated and may occur on second exposure.
C) Anaphylaxis is T-cell mediated and slow to develop.
D) Antibiotics are rarely associated with anaphylactic reactions.

Question 18

Type I, II, and III hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by antibodies.

Question 19

Contact dermatitis is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.

Question 20

Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions require participation by T lymphocytes.

Question 21

Match the following mechanisms of hypersensitivity injury with the autoimmune disorders below (letters may be used more than once).
Grave disease

A)Cytotoxic
B)Immune complex

Question 22

Match the following mechanisms of hypersensitivity injury with the autoimmune disorders below (letters may be used more than once).
Addison disease

A)Cytotoxic
B)Immune complex

Question 23

Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually identified because they develop infections

A) unresponsive to therapy.
B) from exotic organisms.
C) of the brain.
D) from opportunistic organisms.

Question 24

Which of the following disorders is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease?

A) HIV/AIDS
B) Malnutrition immunodeficiency
C) Cancer immunodeficiency
D) Radiation immunodeficiency

Question 25

Which of the following endocrine disorders would contribute most significantly to immunodeficiency?

A) Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
B) Hypersecretion of glucocorticoid hormone
C) Hyposecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone
D) Hypersecretion of prolactin hormone

Question 26

Which of the following immunodeficiency diseases is attributed to a genetic defect in enzyme function?

A) Selective IgA deficiency
B) DiGeorge syndrome
C) Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
D) Cushing syndrome

Question 27

Match the following mechanisms of hypersensitivity injury with the autoimmune disorders below (letters may be used more than once).
Myasthenia gravis

A)Cytotoxic
B)Immune complex

Question 28

In which of the following patients would administration of RhoGAM (an Rh antibody) be appropriate?

A) Rh-negative woman with positive Rh antibody titer carrying Rh-positive fetus
B) Rh-positive woman with negative Rh antibody titer carrying Rh-negative fetus
C) Rh-negative woman with negative Rh antibody titer carrying Rh-positive fetus
D) Rh-negative woman with negative Rh antibody titer carrying Rh-negative fetus

Question 29

Match the following mechanisms of hypersensitivity injury with the autoimmune disorders below (letters may be used more than once).
Type 1 diabetes mellitus

A)Cytotoxic
B)Immune complex

Question 30

Match the following mechanisms of hypersensitivity injury with the autoimmune disorders below (letters may be used more than once).
Systemic lupus erythematosus

A)Cytotoxic
B)Immune complex