Deck 7: Neoplasia

Question 1

The term metastasis refers to local tumor invasion.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The tumor suppressor protein pRb normally functions to

A) inhibit telomerase.
B) bind and enhance transcription of DNA.
C) bind and inhibit transcription factor actions.
D) inhibit p53 activity.

Answer 2

bind and inhibit transcription factor actions.

Question 3

Cancers arise from stem cells present in tissues.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Generally the higher a tumor's grade, the higher its malignant potential.

Question 5

Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes occurs in most types of cancer.

Question 6

The TNM tumor classification system describes

A) types of cancer.
B) locations of tumors in the body.
C) cancer histology.
D) cancer etiology.

Question 7

The pRB and p53 proteins are examples of tumor suppressor gene products.

Question 8

After bronchoscopy and histologic examination of a suspected tumor, G.P. is diagnosed with primary bronchial carcinoma. Thus, the tumor

A) is benign.
B) is malignant.
C) is secondary to cancer elsewhere in the body.
D) has spread.

Question 9

Ras is a transcription factor that may cause cancer when mutated.

Question 10

G.P.'s tumor is determined to have metastasized, which means that

A) tumor cells have invaded locally.
B) tumor cells have spread contiguously to adjacent tissue.
C) the tumor has become encapsulated.
D) tumor cells have spread to distant sites.

Question 11

All of the following statements about telomerase are true except telomerase

A) repairs the end caps of chromosomes.
B) contributes to cancer cell immortality.
C) is commonly present in normal somatic cells.
D) activity allows a cell to replicate indefinitely.

Question 12

All of the following are functions of the p53 protein except

A) phosphorylates and inhibits the pRb protein.
B) triggers apoptosis when cells are critically damaged.
C) mediates cell death induced by radiation and chemotherapy.
D) stalls the cell cycle to allow time for cellular repair.

Question 13

G.P. eats "lots of fat," leads a "stressful" life, and has smoked "about two packs a day for the last 40 years." Her chronic morning cough recently worsened, and she was diagnosed with a lung mass. The most likely contributing factor for development of lung cancer in G.P. is

A) high-fat diet.
B) urban pollutants.
C) stressful lifestyle.
D) cigarette smoking.

Question 14

Cancer cells have a higher mutation rate than normal cells.

Question 15

Proto-oncogenes are normal cellular genes.

Question 16

Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of which of the following from parent to offspring?

A) Mutant tumor suppressor gene
B) Cancer-causing virus
C) Oncogene
D) Extra chromosome

Question 17

Proto-oncogenes

A) are the same as oncogenes.
B) are normal cellular genes that promote growth.
C) always code for viral proteins.
D) result from severe mutational events.

Question 18

The suffix "oma" is used to designate tissues as malignant.

Question 19

G.P. is scheduled for a staging procedure. She wants to know what that means. Which response is correct?

A) It is a procedure for determining the extent of tumor spread.
B) It is a histologic examination of tissues to determine the degree of tumor differentiation.
C) It is surgical removal of all tumor cells.
D) It is biochemical testing of tumor cells to determine the genetic basis of the tumor.

Question 20

Most cancers are associated with exposure to known carcinogens.

Question 21

Which of the following tumors is malignant?

A) Lymphoma
B) Adenoma
C) Lipoma
D) Myoma

Question 22

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
Skin cancer

A)Leukemia
B)Sarcoma
C)Adenosarcoma
D)Neoplasm
E)Fibroma
F)Melanoma

Question 23

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
Cancer of blood-forming tissue

A)Leukemia
B)Sarcoma
C)Adenosarcoma
D)Neoplasm
E)Fibroma
F)Melanoma

Question 24

Cancer is a multistep process usually occurring over many years. The first step in the initiation process is thought to be caused by

A) excessive cell growth.
B) acquisition of malignant phenotype.
C) genetic mutations in growth regulatory genes.
D) exposure to trophic hormones and growth factors.

Question 25

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
Malignant cancer of glandular origin

A)Leukemia
B)Sarcoma
C)Adenosarcoma
D)Neoplasm
E)Fibroma
F)Melanoma

Question 26

After surgery to remove a lung tumor, G.P. is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will

A) selectively kill tumor cells.
B) stimulate immune cells to fight the cancer.
C) have minimal side effects.
D) kill rapidly dividing cells.

Question 27

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
Benign tumor

A)Leukemia
B)Sarcoma
C)Adenosarcoma
D)Neoplasm
E)Fibroma
F)Melanoma

Question 28

A patient with metastatic lung cancer wants to know her chances for survival. Which response is correct?

A) Lung cancer is always fatal.
B) Lung cancer has about a 10% cure rate.
C) Lung cancer is highly curable when diagnosed early.
D) Lung cancer tends to remain localized and responds well to surgical removal.

Question 29

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
"New growth" of proliferating cells

A)Leukemia
B)Sarcoma
C)Adenosarcoma
D)Neoplasm
E)Fibroma
F)Melanoma

Question 30

Side effects of chemotherapy include all the following except

A) anemia.
B) nausea.
C) leukocytosis.
D) bleeding.