Question 1

Slow pain sensation is transmitted primarily by&#10;A) group Ia afferents.&#10;B). $\alpha$ motor neurons.&#10;C) unmyelinated C fibers.&#10;D) A$ \delta $ fibers.

Accepted Answer

Slow pain is transmitted by unmyelinated C fibers.

Question 2

Referred pain may be perceived at some distance from the area of tissue injury but generally&#10;A) on the same side of the body.&#10;B) with less intensity.&#10;C) within the same dermatome.&#10;D) within 10 to 15 cm.

Accepted Answer

Referred pain is felt in an area that is supplied by a different nerve than the one that supplies the affected area. This can occur within the same dermatome or in a different area of the body altogether, but it is generally not felt on the same side of the body as the injury. Therefore, options A and D are incorrect. The intensity of referred pain may be similar to or greater than the sensation felt at the site of injury, so option B is also incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is C, within the same dermatome.

Question 3

Pain is&#10;A) a subjective experience that is difficult to measure objectively.&#10;B) associated with changes in vital signs reflecting its intensity.&#10;C) experienced in the same way by all individuals.&#10;D) always the result of tissue damage that activates nociceptors.

Accepted Answer

Pain is subjective and varies from person to person, making it difficult to measure objectively. While changes in vital signs may be associated with pain, they do not always accurately reflect its intensity. Pain can be caused by tissue damage, but not all pain is a result of tissue damage.

Question 4

Drugs that mimic the effects of endorphins and enkephalins are expected to decrease pain perception.

Accepted Answer

Endorphins and enkephalins are naturally occurring chemicals in the body that act as painkillers. Drugs that mimic their effects are called opioid drugs and can decrease pain perception.

Question 5

Chronic pain is evident in a patient because of persistent elevation of pulse, blood pressure, and respiration.

Accepted Answer

Chronic pain may not always cause persistent elevation of pulse, blood pressure, and respiration, as the body can adapt over time, and these vital signs may not consistently reflect the presence of chronic pain.

Question 6

Gate control theory of pain transmission predicts that activity in touch receptors will&#10;A) enhance perception of pain.&#10;B) decrease pain signal transmission in the spinal cord.&#10;C) activate opioid receptors in the CNS.&#10;D) increase secretion of substance P in the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The gate control theory of pain transmission suggests that activity in touch receptors can decrease the amount of pain signal transmission in the spinal cord. This occurs when sensory input from non-painful touch or pressure signals are transmitted to the spinal cord and activate inhibitory interneurons that block pain signal transmission. Therefore, the answer is (B) decrease pain signal transmission in the spinal cord.

Question 7

A patient who presents with headache that is unilateral, throbbing, and associated with sensitivity to light and noise is likely experiencing a migraine.

Accepted Answer

These symptoms are typical of a migraine headache.

Question 8

Neuropathic pain is generated in neurons in the absence of a painful stimulus.

Accepted Answer

Neuropathic pain is caused by injury or damage to the nervous system, leading to abnormal signaling and sensations of pain in the absence of a painful stimulus.

Question 9

Fibromyalgia is a diagnosis given to women with chronic muscle pain for which no other cause is found as it has no particular diagnostic criteria.

Accepted Answer

Fibromyalgia has specific diagnostic criteria, including widespread pain for at least three months and the presence of other symptoms such as fatigue and sleep disturbances.

Question 10

Which of the following treatments is helpful in neuropathic pain but not used for acute pain?&#10;A) Narcotic analgesics&#10;B) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and aspirin&#10;C) Anticonvulsants&#10;D) Nonnarcotic analgesics

Accepted Answer

Anticonvulsants are helpful in treating neuropathic pain but are not typically used for acute pain. Narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesics, as well as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and aspirin, may be used for both acute and chronic pain.

Deck 47: Pain