Question 1

Vertigo is a symptom of abnormal spinning or movement associated with dysfunction of the middle ear.

Accepted Answer

Vertigo is typically associated with dysfunction of the inner ear, not the middle ear.

Question 2

Glaucoma is always associated with consistently elevated intraocular pressure.

Accepted Answer

While elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for developing glaucoma, some types of glaucoma, such as normal-tension glaucoma, can occur with normal or even low intraocular pressure. Therefore, glaucoma cannot always be solely associated with consistently elevated intraocular pressure.

Question 3

A sudden onset of eye pain and impaired vision associated with pupil dilation is characteristic of&#10;A) narrow-angle glaucoma.&#10;B) open-angle glaucoma.&#10;C) cataract.&#10;D) retinal detachment.

Accepted Answer

A sudden onset of eye pain and impaired vision associated with pupil dilation is a classic symptom of narrow-angle glaucoma, which is a medical emergency. Open-angle glaucoma may have gradual vision loss without acute pain, cataract doesn't cause sudden vision loss or pupil dilation, and retinal detachment may cause vision loss but not necessarily pupil dilation.

Question 4

Conductive hearing loss&#10;A) cannot be corrected.&#10;B) is due to damage to hair cells in the inner ear.&#10;C) usually results from chronic exposure to loud noise.&#10;D) is due to dysfunction of outer and middle ear structures.

Accepted Answer

Conductive hearing loss is due to dysfunction of outer and middle ear structures, such as the ear canal, eardrum, or ossicles. This type of hearing loss can often be corrected with medical or surgical treatment.

Question 5

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk for proliferative retinopathy.

Accepted Answer

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk of developing proliferative retinopathy, a complication of the condition that causes abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. This can lead to vision loss and blindness if left untreated.

Question 6

Opacification of the lens is termed&#10;A) hyperopia.&#10;B) glaucoma.&#10;C) presbyopia.&#10;D) cataract.

Accepted Answer

Opacification of the lens is specifically known as cataract, which causes blurry or cloudy vision. Hyperopia refers to farsightedness, glaucoma is a condition of increased eye pressure, and presbyopia is a normal age-related change that leads to difficulty focusing on close objects.

Question 7

Sensorineural hearing loss is not amenable to treatment.

Accepted Answer

Sensorineural hearing loss typically involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve and cannot be fully restored or treated with medication or surgery. However, hearing aids, cochlear implants, and other assistive hearing devices can help improve communication and quality of life for those with sensorineural hearing loss.

Question 8

M&#233;ni&#232;re disease is characterized by&#10;A) bilateral hearing impairment.&#10;B) vertigo in association with hearing loss.&#10;C) middle ear infection.&#10;D) ossification of bones in the middle ear.

Accepted Answer

Ménière disease is a disorder of the inner ear that is characterized by episodes of vertigo in association with hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear. It typically affects only one ear, but in some cases can affect both. Bilateral hearing impairment may occur in some cases, but it is not a defining characteristic of the disease. Middle ear infection and ossification of bones in the middle ear are not typically associated with Ménière disease.

Question 9

Myopia is due to an error of light refraction in which&#10;A) light rays are scattered as they pass through the cornea.&#10;B) the focal point of an image is behind the retina.&#10;C) far vision is impaired.&#10;D) accommodation is impaired.

Accepted Answer

Myopia or nearsightedness is frequently seen in late childhood or early adolescence, and individuals with myopia are unable to see distant objects clearly.If the eye is elongated, the image focuses in front of the retina rather than on it.Myopia is not related to scattered light rays as they pass through the cornea.Myopia is not related to a focal point being behind the retina.Presbyopia is the loss of accommodative capacity.

Question 10

An inflamed tympanic membrane is a classic finding in acute otitis media.

Accepted Answer

An inflamed tympanic membrane, also known as a bulging or red eardrum, is a characteristic finding in acute otitis media, which is an infection of the middle ear.

Deck 46: Alterations in Special Sensory Function