Question 1

The most common inflammatory skin condition is

Accepted Answer

The most common inflammatory skin disorder is eczematous dermatitis. Cutis marmorata and nevi are not inflammatory conditions, pityriasis rosea is not as common as eczema, and psoriasis is a disease of keratin synthesis.

Question 2

A 17-year-old student complains of a "rash for 3 days." You note pale, erythematous oval plaques over the trunk. They have fine scales and are arranged in a fernlike pattern with parallel alignment. What is the nurse's next action?

Accepted Answer

The described rash is the typical presentation of pityriasis rosea. The rash is not infectious or contagious, does not involve the palms and soles, and usually lasts for several weeks. Pityriasis rosea begins with a sudden primary (herald) patch, with the generalized eruption to the trunk and extremities following 1 to 3 weeks later.

Question 3

The characteristic that best differentiates psoriasis from other skin abnormalities is the

Accepted Answer

Unlike other skin conditions, silvery papules and plaques characterize psoriasis.

Question 4

A 5-year-old child presents with discrete vesicles on an erythemic base (dew drops on a rose petal appearance) that began near her scalp and are spreading to the trunk. The child has a low-grade fever and feels tired. What is the nurse's next action?

Accepted Answer

The description of this child's complaint is a varicella rash, not physical abuse or rubeola. Chickenpox is a highly communicable disease and can be prevented by immunization. The period of communicability lasts from 1 or 2 days before the onset of the rash until all the vesicles have crusted over, which usually takes about 1 week.

Question 5

You are conducting a preschool examination on a 5-year-old child. Which injury would most likely raise your suspicion that the child was being abused?

Accepted Answer

Toddlers and older children who bruise themselves accidentally are bruised over bony prominences, such as the knees, elbows, chin, and shin. Bruises over soft tissues are more consistent with abuse.

Question 6

Soft, painless, bluish papules in persons who are HIV-positive are most likely

Accepted Answer

KS is the more common malignant skin lesion of HIV-infected persons. The lesions are soft, painless, bluish-purple macules or papules.

Question 7

Which of the following is a noncandidal fungal infection?

Accepted Answer

Tinea corporis is the only listed fungal infection (noncandidal); the others are not fungal in origin.

Question 8

The most common cutaneous neoplasm is

Accepted Answer

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer. It occurs more frequently on sun-exposed parts of the body.

Question 9

Age spots are also called

Accepted Answer

Senile lentigines are irregular, round, gray-brown lesions with a rough surface that occur in sun-exposed areas and are referred to as age spots.

Question 10

During history taking, a mother states that her son awoke in the middle of the night complaining of intense itching on his legs. Today your inspection reveals honey-colored exudate from the vesicular rash on his legs. Which condition is consistent with these findings?

Accepted Answer

Impetigo causes intense pruritus, regional lymphadenopathy, and honey-colored exudative crusting as the vesicles or bullae rupture and dry.

Question 11

Assessment of poor hygiene, healed fractures with deformity, or unexplained trauma in older adults indicates

Accepted Answer

The question describes is the most common form of elder abuse-physical neglect.

Question 12

Which of the following is an ABCD characteristic of malignant melanoma?

Accepted Answer

The ABCD melanoma mnemonic includes asymmetry, borders that are irregular, color that is not the same all over, and diameter greater than 6 mm and growing. Severe blistering or sunburns as a child is a risk factor and not part of the ABCD characteristics.

Question 13

Painful vesicles are associated with

Accepted Answer

Herpes zoster (shingles) produces painful itching or burning of the dermatome area. Psoriasis and pityriasis may itch. Paronychia infection and rosacea may be tender to touch and do not produce vesicles.

Quiz 8: Skin, Hair, and Nails