As a fraction of adult mass, the mass of offspring at independence tends to be largest in

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Altricial birds are born with relatively little development, so they require more care from their parents and start out with a smaller mass compared to their adult size. Therefore, as a fraction of adult mass, their mass at independence tends to be the largest among the given options. Mammals and lizards have different reproductive strategies and their offspring do not necessarily have the same size at independence.

As a Fraction of Adult Mass, the Mass of Offspring