John D. Rockefeller's horizontal combination was so successful that he controlled what percentage of the nation's oil refining by 1882?

Question

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By 1882, John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust had achieved a near-monopoly in the oil industry, controlling over 90 percent of the nation's oil refining capacity. This was achieved through his strategy of horizontal integration, where he bought out his competitors to consolidate the market under his control.

John D Rockefeller's Horizontal Combination Was So Successful That He Controlled