Which Tactic Used by Temperance Reformers in Reaching Out to Young

Which tactic used by temperance reformers in reaching out to young men to "take the pledge" and not drink proved to be most effective?

A) large prayer meetings, heavy group pressure, and other methods used in evangelical revivals
B) public humiliation through publication of drunkards' names in local newspapers
C) treatment in communal buildings known as phalanxes
D) forced closures of taverns and saloons located in urban areas