Some species of male water striders forcibly copulate with females. In these species, males are often equipped with exaggerated grasping structures, while females have structures that obstruct the male's grip. Such a situation could arise through

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This situation is an example of antagonistic coevolution, where two species (or in this case, sexes within a species) influence each other's evolution in response to the evolutionary pressure the other exerts. In this scenario, males evolve structures to better grasp females for copulation, while females evolve structures to obstruct this grip, each in response to the evolutionary pressures exerted by the other sex.

Some Species of Male Water Striders Forcibly Copulate with Females