Question 1

Mechanisms that help generate heat and those that allow release of heat are an example of ____________________.Collectively, these mechanisms increase the __________________ of body temperature.

Accepted Answer

Antagonist effectors work in opposition to each other; one set of effectors generates heat, while another set allows for the release of heat. This balance between heat production and heat release mechanisms increases the stability of body temperature.

Question 2

Which statement describes a home heating and cooling system that functions in a homeostatic way?

Accepted Answer

A home heating and cooling system that functions in a homeostatic way would use a thermostat to keep the temperature within a narrow range. This means that the temperature would fluctuate slightly within a set range, but overall, the system would maintain a stable environment.

Question 3

Damage to the integument may trigger action by cells of which system?

Accepted Answer

The immune system is responsible for responding to damage and injury in the integument by initiating an inflammatory response and sending immune cells to the area to help repair and protect the damaged tissue. The reproductive system, endocrine system, and muscular system are not directly involved in the response to integument damage.

Question 4

Controversy surrounds the use of zinc-containing nasal sprays as a cold remedy, since they have been associated with anosmia (loss of smell).If true, this is likely due to the sprays damaging which tissue?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Controversy surrounds the use of zinc-containing nasal...

Question 5

When we watch Olympic athletes perform, we are admiring the expert control of which systems working together?

Accepted Answer

Olympic athletes rely heavily on their nervous system to provide precise control over their muscular and skeletal systems. This coordination allows for the efficient and powerful movements that we admire in their performances.

Question 6

Where is the nucleus of a neuron found?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus of a neuron is located in the cell body, also known as the soma.

Question 7

Why do some bread recipes suggest letting the dough rise in a warm place after kneading?

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are metabolically active at warmer temperatures thereby releasing more carbon dioxide and causing the dough to rise more quickly.

Question 8

Due to a mutation in a smooth muscle gene, the blood vessels in the skin of a certain strain of mouse become dilated when temperature falls below a certain point.Based on the likely outcome of this mutation, what precautions should the researchers take to maintain the health of their mice?

Accepted Answer

Since the blood vessels in the skin of these mice become dilated when temperature falls below a certain point, it is important to keep the mouse room consistently maintained at a warm temperature to prevent any potential health complications. Providing exercise wheels will not necessarily help with this particular mutation.

Question 9

The giraffe, as the tallest living land animal, has several adaptations for its height.To prevent blood from pooling in the head when it bends down to drink, the jugular veins of a giraffe have multiple one-way valves.Furthermore, a web of arteries and veins in the neck called the rete mirabile ("wonderful net") slows the flow of blood into the brain.These specializations of the ______________________ act as mechanisms to maintain ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The adaptations described are part of the circulatory system and help maintain blood pressure homeostasis.

Question 10

A bride-to-be is enjoying a manicure and a facial before her hair is styled for the wedding.What organ system is being pampered?

Accepted Answer

The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, and nails, which are all being pampered during the manicure, facial, and hair styling.

Question 11

What structure do myelin sheaths form along?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheaths form along axons, insulating them and speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses.

Question 12

A couple is having difficulty conceiving a child, and they decide to see a fertility specialist.Which two organ systems will the specialist examine in this couple?

Accepted Answer

The reproductive system is directly involved in conception, so it is the most logical system for the specialist to examine. However, the endocrine system also plays a critical role in fertility by producing hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, ovulation, and sperm production. Therefore, it is important for the specialist to examine the endocrine system as well. The nervous and urinary systems are not directly related to fertility, so A and B are not the best choices.

Question 13

In your Ph.D.research, you use thin slices of brain tissue to study neuronal signaling.You attach an electrode to a single neuron, but cannot detect any activity.What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

When a brain is sliced, the dendrites of the neurons can be disconnected from the cell body, which could lead to no detected activity.

Question 14

A recovering stroke patient complained about strange smells in his room, but no cause could be found.The doctor diagnosed this as phantosmia, or olfactory hallucination, and said it was likely due to stroke-related damage to which tissue?

Accepted Answer

Phantosmia is often related to damage or dysfunction in the central nervous system, which can occur after a stroke.

Question 15

What are the cells that are specialized to produce and conduct electrochemical impulses called?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit electrical signals throughout the body.

Question 16

Although especially useful to the giraffe, the rete mirabile is similar to a countercurrent heat exchange system in other related, less evolved, mammals.Thus a mechanism for _________________ homeostasis is likely to have evolved from a mechanism previously used for __________________ homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

The rete mirabile in giraffes is primarily involved in blood pressure regulation, suggesting that this mechanism evolved from a system originally used for temperature regulation, similar to countercurrent heat exchange systems in other mammals.

Question 17

Which of the following is most likely to function as a defense system?

Accepted Answer

The integumentary system, which includes the skin, hair, and nails, acts as a barrier protecting the body from external harm, making it a key part of the body's defense system.

Question 18

In addition to the senses of vision, taste, smell, hearing, and touch, we also have a sense called proprioception.It tells us the position of our bodies, based in part on stretch receptors in muscles.Proprioceptors are part of the ______________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors are part of the peripheral nervous system, which includes sensory receptors that provide information about body position and movement.

Question 19

Low body temperature triggers adaptive responses to conserve heat.Once the integrating center detects that body temperature has risen, it will decrease these responses.What does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

The response of decreasing the adaptive responses to conserve heat once the integrating center detects a rise in body temperature is an example of negative feedback, as it works to maintain homeostasis and regulate body temperature.

Question 20

Homeostasis is maintained using negative feedback loops.Which part of a negative feedback loop detects conditions?

Accepted Answer

The sensor detects changes in the environment or conditions and sends this information to the integrating center to maintain homeostasis.

Quiz 42: The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

Mechanisms that help generate heat and those that allow release of heat are an example of __.Collectively, these mechanisms increase the of body temperature.