The preexisting melodies on which many of Lutheran church cantatas are based are:

Name: The preexisting melodies on which many of Lutheran church cantatas are based are:
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The preexisting melodies on which many Lutheran church cantatas are based are called chorales, which are hymn tunes or melodies taken from the Protestant tradition. Bach often used these chorales as the basis for his cantatas, arranging them for his vocal ensemble and adding original music to create a complete musical work.

The Preexisting Melodies on Which Many of Lutheran Church Cantatas