Question 1

Corey was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. She now has difficulty with her hearing and her memory. The part of her brain most likely injured was her __________.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory information and plays a key role in memory and memory retrieval. Therefore, injury to the temporal lobe can result in difficulty with hearing and memory.

Question 2

The part of the brain which controls hearing, does some additional processing of visual information, and is probably the site of permanent memory storage is __________.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory information and some visual information. It is also believed to be involved in the long-term storage of memories. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information, the parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information, and the frontal lobe is responsible for higher-level thinking and decision-making.

Question 3

Eating, drinking, sexual behavior, temperature control, and sleeping are strongly influenced by the __________.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is known to play a crucial role in regulating basic biological functions such as eating, drinking, sexual behavior, temperature control, and sleeping. The medulla and thalamus have important roles in other functions such as breathing and sensory processing respectively. The cerebral cortex is primarily associated with higher-order cognitive processes such as thinking, reasoning, and decision making.

Question 4

The structure in the center of the forebrain that relays sensory information is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is the structure in the center of the forebrain that relays sensory information to different regions of the brain. The medulla and pons are located in the hindbrain and are involved in regulating basic bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate. The hypothalamus is also located in the forebrain, but it is involved in regulating behaviors related to survival, such as eating, drinking, and sexual activity, as well as regulating hormone release from the pituitary gland.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the three distinct parts of the brain?

Accepted Answer

The three distinct parts of the brain are the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. The lateralbrain is not a part of the brain.

Question 6

The spinal cord:

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord connects the brain to the rest of the body, and it is composed of nerve tissue. It can also work independently of the brain in some reflex actions. Therefore, all of the above statements are true, making D the best answer.

Question 7

The right cerebral hemisphere primarily controls:

Accepted Answer

Contrary to popular belief, the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa. Therefore, the right cerebral hemisphere primarily controls the left side of the body. Additionally, while the left hemisphere is primarily responsible for language processing, the right hemisphere is primarily responsible for processing spatial and visual information.

Question 8

The brain is connected to the rest of the body via the:

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord is the main pathway for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. It is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue that extends from the brainstem to the lower back, and contains nerve fibers that transmit signals between the brain and the peripheral nervous system. While the other options are also involved in various functions of the brain and body, they do not serve as the primary connection between the brain and the rest of the body.

Question 9

The left and right cerebral hemispheres are connected by the:

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is a band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows for communication between them.

Question 10

Garcia is having great difficulty controlling his appetite. All he wants to do is eat and no matter how much he eats, he is still hungry. His weight is approaching 400 pounds and he still constantly wants to eat. His physician says the problem is due to a disorder in a specific center of the brain. That brain center is most likely the __________.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating appetite and satiety, as well as other autonomic functions such as temperature regulation and hormone secretion. Garcia's symptoms suggest that there may be a dysfunction in this brain region, which is leading to his insatiable hunger and weight gain.

Question 11

An individual with a "split brain":

Accepted Answer

Individuals with a split brain have undergone a surgery called corpus callosotomy, which involves cutting the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain. This surgery is typically performed to alleviate symptoms of epilepsy. While there can be some minor cognitive and motor deficits, individuals with a split brain can still function relatively normally and do not typically develop schizophrenia or a split personality.

Question 12

The cerebellum __________.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is a part of the brain that plays an important role in coordinating actions and movements so that they are efficient. It does not control blood pressure, is not directly involved in emotional behavior, and does not relay messages from the sensory receptors.

Question 13

The part of the brain responsible for emotional behavior and regulating the nervous system in times of stress is the _________.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for emotional behavior such as fear and pleasure, as well as regulating the autonomic nervous system in response to stress. The medulla and thalamus are not primarily responsible for emotional behavior and the cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination.

Question 14

The left cerebral hemisphere primarily controls:

Accepted Answer

The left cerebral hemisphere primarily controls the right side of the body, due to the way that neurons cross over at the level of the brainstem.

Question 15

The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch, balance, and bodily position is the __________.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information such as touch, balance, and bodily position. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information, the temporal lobe is involved in processing auditory information, and the frontal lobe is involved in decision making, motor function, and personality.

Question 16

Darlene has just discovered that she made the dean's list, and she's in ecstasy--singing and dancing down the corridor. Which area of the brain is directing her behavior?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating emotional responses and motivation, which are key factors in Darlene's behavior of singing and dancing due to her excitement about making the dean's list.

Question 17

The part of the hindbrain that controls such things as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure is the __________.

Accepted Answer

The medulla oblongata is located in the hindbrain and is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as consciousness, perception, and thought. The pons is also located in the hindbrain and helps to regulate breathing, sleep, and other important functions. The cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating movement and balance.

Question 18

A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements. Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties?

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for fine-tuning movement and maintaining balance. Injury to this area would likely result in difficulties with coordination and balance.

Question 19

Individuals who have had their corpus callosum cut are said to have a:

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is a structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. When it is cut, the communication between the two hemispheres is disrupted, leading to a condition known as split brain. This can result in interesting phenomena such as the ability to perform different tasks with each hand or processing language in different ways. B, C, and D are not accurate descriptions of the condition.

Question 20

Corey was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. She now has difficulty maintaining her balance and normal body positions. Her sense of touch has also been injured. The part of her brain most likely injured was her ___________.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch and balance. Damage to this area can result in difficulty maintaining balance and normal body positions, as well as impairments in the sense of touch.

Quiz 2: The Biological Perspective