TABLE 15-9
Many factors determine the attendance at Major League Baseball games. These factors can include when the game is played, the weather, the opponent, whether or not the team is having a good season, and whether or not a marketing promotion is held. Data from 80 games of the Kansas City Royals for the following variables are collected.
ATTENDANCE = Paid attendance for the game
TEMP = High temperature for the day
WIN% = Team's winning percentage at the time of the game
OPWIN% = Opponent team's winning percentage at the time of the game WEEKEND - 1 if game played on Friday, Saturday or Sunday; 0 otherwise PROMOTION - 1 = if a promotion was held; 0 = if no promotion was held

The regression results using attendance as the dependent variable and the remaining five variables as the independent variables are presented below.
$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { Regression Statistics }\
\begin{array} { l r }
\hline \text { Multiple R } & 0.5487 \
\text { R Square } & 0.3011 \
\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.2538 \
\text { Standard Error } & 6442.4456 \
\text { Observations } & 80 \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { ANOVA }\
\begin{array} { l c c c c c }
\hline & \mathrm { df } & \text { SS } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & \text { Significance } \mathrm { F } \
\hline \text { Regression } & 5 & 1322911703.0671 & 264582340.6134 & 6.3747 & 0.0001 \
\text { Residual } & 74 & 3071377751.1204 & 41505104.7449 & & \
\text { Total } & 79 & 4394289454.1875 & & & \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$$

$\begin{array}{lrrrr}
\hline&\text{Coefficients}&\text{ Standard Error}&\text{ t Stat}&\text{p-value}\
\hline\text{Intercept}&-3862.4808&6180.9452&-0.6249&0.5340\
\text { Temp } & 51.7031 & 62.9439 & 0.8214 & 0.4140 \
\text { Win\% } & 21.1085 & 16.2338 & 1.3003 & 0.1975 \
\text { OpWin\% } & 11.3453 & 6.4617 & 1.7558 & 0.0833 \
\text { Weekend } & 367.5377 & 2786.2639 & 0.1319 & 0.8954 \
\text { Promotion } & 6927.8820 & 2784.3442 & 2.4882 & 0.0151 \
\hline
\end{array}$

The coefficient of multiple determination ( R 2 j ) of each of the 5 predictors with all the other remaining predictors are, respectively, 0.2675, 0.3101, 0.1038, 0.7325, and 0.7308

-Referring to Table 15-9, which of the following assumptions is most likely violated based on the normal probability plot?
A) equal variance
B) normality of errors
C) linearity
D) none of the above

Question

TABLE 15-9
Many factors determine the attendance at Major League Baseball games. These factors can include when the game is played, the weather, the opponent, whether or not the team is having a good season, and whether or not a marketing promotion is held. Data from 80 games of the Kansas City Royals for the following variables are collected.
ATTENDANCE = Paid attendance for the game 
TEMP = High temperature for the day
WIN% = Team's winning percentage at the time of the game
OPWIN% = Opponent team's winning percentage at the time of the game WEEKEND - 1 if game played on Friday, Saturday or Sunday; 0 otherwise PROMOTION - 1 = if a promotion was held; 0 = if no promotion was held

The regression results using attendance as the dependent variable and the remaining five variables as the independent variables are presented below.
$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { Regression Statistics }\
\begin{array} { l r } 
\hline \text { Multiple R } & 0.5487 \
\text { R Square } & 0.3011 \
\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.2538 \
\text { Standard Error } & 6442.4456 \
\text { Observations } & 80 \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{l}
\text { ANOVA }\
\begin{array} { l c c c c c } 
\hline & \mathrm { df } & \text { SS } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & \text { Significance } \mathrm { F } \
\hline \text { Regression } & 5 & 1322911703.0671 & 264582340.6134 & 6.3747 & 0.0001 \
\text { Residual } & 74 & 3071377751.1204 & 41505104.7449 & & \
\text { Total } & 79 & 4394289454.1875 & & & \
\hline
\end{array}
\end{array}$$

$\begin{array}{lrrrr}
\hline&\text{Coefficients}&\text{ Standard Error}&\text{ t Stat}&\text{p-value}\
\hline\text{Intercept}&-3862.4808&6180.9452&-0.6249&0.5340\
\text { Temp } & 51.7031 & 62.9439 & 0.8214 & 0.4140 \
\text { Win\% } & 21.1085 & 16.2338 & 1.3003 & 0.1975 \
\text { OpWin\% } & 11.3453 & 6.4617 & 1.7558 & 0.0833 \
\text { Weekend } & 367.5377 & 2786.2639 & 0.1319 & 0.8954 \
\text { Promotion } & 6927.8820 & 2784.3442 & 2.4882 & 0.0151 \
\hline
\end{array}$

The coefficient of multiple determination ( R 2 j ) of each of the 5 predictors with all the other remaining predictors are, respectively, 0.2675, 0.3101, 0.1038, 0.7325, and 0.7308

-Referring to Table 15-9, which of the following assumptions is most likely violated based on the normal probability plot?
A) equal variance 
B) normality of errors 
C) linearity 
D) none of the above

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The normal probability plot shows a non-linear pattern, which indicates that the assumption of normality of errors is most likely violated.

TABLE 15-9 Many Factors Determine the Attendance at Major League

TABLE 15-9
Many Factors Determine the Attendance at Major League