Both the Heckscher-Ohlin theory and comparative advantage based on technological differences assume that the techniques of production in various countries do not change over time.

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Both the Heckscher-Ohlin theory and comparative advantage based on technological differences allow for changes in production techniques over time. These theories focus on the relative efficiency of different countries in producing certain goods, regardless of how those efficiencies are achieved. As countries innovate and develop new production techniques, their comparative advantages may shift.

Both the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Comparative Advantage Based on Technological