Many children from low-income homes have considerable exposure to books and other printed matter long before they begin school. Some, however, do not, and so they come to school with few of the "basics" (knowledge of alphabet letters, familiarity with common storylines, etc.) upon which to build as they learn to read. As these children progress through the school grades, they are most likely to:

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Children who start school with less exposure to books and reading often struggle to catch up with their peers, leading to a widening gap in reading ability over time. This phenomenon is known as the Matthew effect, where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer in terms of reading achievement.

Many Children from Low-Income Homes Have Considerable Exposure to Books