One of the Concerns at a Large Urban Hospital Is

One of the concerns at a large urban hospital is the increase in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and the hospital board has asked the Infection Control Committee to look into it. Major risk factors for VAP that the infection control nurse states must be included in their initial assessment of the problem include: (Select all that apply.)

A) Length of stay before onset of the disease.
B) Multiple drug-resistant pathogens.
C) Type of ventilator equipment used at the institution.
D) Patient-nurse ratio.