In addition to providing authentication, a message digest also provides data integrity and performs the same function as a frame check sequence.

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A message digest, created through a hash function, ensures data integrity by producing a unique hash value for the original data. If the data changes, the hash value also changes, indicating a potential integrity issue. This function is similar to a Frame Check Sequence (FCS), which is used to detect errors in transmitted frames. Both mechanisms help in verifying that the data received is exactly as it was sent, without alteration.

In Addition to Providing Authentication, a Message Digest Also Provides